In this talk I will discuss why chemistry is an interesting subject for named entity recognition and then describe the semantic enrichment of journal articles with chemical structures and biomedical ontology terms with a workflow based on named entity recognition.  The chemical named entity recognition work has been led by the Sciborg project at the University of Cambridge.  I will also cover RDF representations of chemistry for the Semantic Web and talk about the challenges of chemical named-entity recognition in other languages than English.