Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q9UMR3 (NMR)
 150,598 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The conversion of Zearalenone by some strains of microorganisms was investigated. When the selective strains of Rhodotorula sp., Arthrobacter sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Candida sp. were incubated by shaking or standing at 28 degrees C for 72 h with an alcoholic solution of Zearalenone as the substrate at a concentration of 2-10 mg/ml ethanol (50-100 micrograms/ml medium), it was readily converted to give Zearalenols, consisting either mainly of the alpha-isomer (e.g. 96% in case of Rhodotorula sp. and 84% in case of Arthrobacter sp. as determined by HPLC) or beta-isomer (e.g. 91% and 92% in Saccharomyces sp. and Candida sp., respectively). The structure of the product was confirmed by 13C-NMR, MS and HPLC.
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PMID:[Biotransformation of zearalenone]. 141 33

Cholesterol, when sequestered in saturated liposomes of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), undergoes peroxidation thermally initiated either by a lipid-soluble or a water-soluble azo initiator and in both cases the reaction is inhibited effectively by the water-soluble antioxidant, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylate (Trolox). Quantitative kinetic methods of autoxidation show that the oxidizability, kp/(2kt)1/2 (where kp and 2kt are the rate constants of radical chain propagation and termination, respectively) of cholesterol in DMPC or DPPC multilamellar liposomes, where kp/(2kt)1/2 is 3.0.10(-3) to 4.3.10(-3) M-1/2 s-1/2 at 37-45 degrees C, is similar to that measured in homogeneous solution in chlorobenzene, where kp/(2kt)1/2 is 3.32.10(-3). However, its oxidizability in smaller unilamellar vesicles of DMPC or DPPC increases by at least 3-times that measured in multilamellar systems. Autoxidation/antioxidant methods show that cholesterol partitions directly from the solid state into DMPC or DPPC liposomes by shaking and this is confirmed by 31P and 2H quadrupole NMR spectra of deuterated cholesterol when membrane bound. Analytical studies indicate that up to 21 mol% cholesterol will partition into the membranes by shaking.
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PMID:Cholesterol: free radical peroxidation and transfer into phospholipid membranes. 225 12

The pentacyclic triterpene alcohol beta-amyrin, which is commonly found in plants, was isolated from wild-type cultures of the ascomycete fungus Aspergillus nidulans. The isolated beta-amyrin was characterized by TLC, GLC, and HPLC and produced identical mass and 1H NMR spectra to those of authentic beta-amyrin. This material was isolated from static (non-shaking) cultures.
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PMID:Isolation of beta-amyrin from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. 687 11

A (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, SSG, from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395 was metabolically labeled using [1-13C] and [2-13C]glucose, and the fate of the 13C-label was examined by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. 13C-NMR spectra of metabolically labeled SSG (13C-SSG) showed that most of the 13C-label in glucose residues of 13C-SSG were recovered from the originally labeled sites of carbon in glucose residue, and suggested little rearrangement during take-up from the medium. In the case of poor SSG producing culture conditions (reduced shaking rate), 13C-glucose incorporation in SSG molecule was similar to that in the case of high SSG-producing culture conditions. In addition, significant amounts of 13C-labeled trehalose were found in 13C-NMR spectra of the mycelium cultured in both poor and high SSG-producing conditions. These results suggested that different culture conditions affected SSG production, but not the metabolism of glucose and the biosynthetic pathway of SSG.
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PMID:Metabolic 13C-labeling of an antitumor (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, SSG, from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395. 776 18

The microbial oxidation of ebastine to carebastine was investigated. Among the 15 micro-organisms examined, only the Cunninghamella strains showed the desired biotransformation. Cunninghamella blakesleeana oxidised the substrate within 7 days, via the intermediates alcohol and aldehyde, mainly to carebastine, the corresponding carboxylic acid. Optimisation of the culture conditions increased the yield from initially 10% up to a reproducible 40%. For the synthesis of carebastine a substrate concentration of 200 mg/l, a starting pH of 5.0 and the addition of 1% poly(vinyl alcohol) is favourable. The results achieved in experiments with shaking flasks are transferable to the fermentation scale and yielded 270 mg carebastine in a 3-1 fermentation of 600 mg ebastine. The progress of the reaction was detected by TLC and HPLC, the products were identified by mass spectrometry and NMR.
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PMID:Microbial oxidation of ebastine. 886 30

In the present investigation, the complex formation of beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD) with p-hydroxybenzoic esters (parabens) was studied by mixing betaCD with methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl parabens, respectively, in aqueous solutions and subjecting the resultant mixtures individually to the following processes: occasional shaking for 24 h at 25 degrees C, continuous shaking using shaker bath for 24 h at 25 degrees C, intermittent ultrasonification for 90 min at 25 degrees C, autoclaving at 115 degrees C for 30 min and freeze-drying followed by reconstitution with distilled water. The degrees of interaction between betaCD and the parabens subjected to the various processes were evaluated, using the membrane dialysis method. The difference in the method of processing did not affect the degree of interaction significantly. However, the degree of interaction was found to increase proportionally with the concentration of betaCD. The alkyl group of the parabens was also found to affect the extent of interaction. Compared to methyl paraben, the degree of interaction of ethyl paraben was observed to be lower. Interestingly, further increase in the size of the alkyl group significantly enhanced the extent of interaction. Studies using 1H-NMR showed that the extent of interaction depended on how well the parabens could fit into the betaCD cavity.
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PMID:Interaction of p-hydroxybenzoic esters with beta-cyclodextrin. 1067 85

Three types of colony, powdery gray, white and bald, were isolated from Streptomyces avermitilis ATCC31272. Among them, only the powdery grey one produces avermectins. Sa-76 strain was selected from the powdery grey strain by mutation with high energy electric flow, and its avermectins titer attainde 100 micrograms/mL in shaking flask. Avermectin B1 was extracted and purified from the mycelia of Sa-76, and identified by UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectra. After Sa-76 strain was treated twice with NTG, a strain named Sa-76-8 was selected with avermectins titer over 2000 micrograms/mL. The Sa-76-8 strain was treated with NTG once again, and a high avermectins producing strain named as Sa-76-9 with avermectins titer up to 3500-4000 micrograms/mL was selected.
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PMID:[Selection of high avermectins producing strain and identification of avermectin B1]. 1088 72

In early safety assessment studies with the experimental anti-neoplastic drug XP315, a toxic reaction was observed in dogs immediately after intravenous (iv) infusion. The reaction was characterized by severe erythema around the ears, eyes, face and body; ocular hyperemia; head shaking; swelling around the eyes, face, paws, head, neck and legs; scratching; and reddened gums, which lasted several hours after dosing. By fractionating the drug substance using preparative HPLC and then infusing the residues into dogs by iv, this reaction was traced to an impurity in the drug substance. Following the preparative isolation of the toxic impurity, characterization was performed using a combination of NMR and mass spectral methods. The proposed impurity was found to be structurally related and nearly twice the molecular weight of XP315, resulting from a dimerization by ring fusion of two 3-aminonaphthalene fragments during the synthetic process. This paper details the steps taken to isolate the toxic impurity and characterize its structure using off-line methods.
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PMID:The isolation and identification of a toxic impurity in XP315 drug substance. 1168 40

Recombinant plasmid pCZ2(pKC1139::475 bp aveD) was used for aveD gene disruption in Streptomyces avermitilis 76-9. The plasmid was inserted into the chromosome by homogenous recombination between partial aveD gene in the plasmid and aveD in the chromosome. Disruptants were confirmed by Southern blotting. Shaking flask experiments and HPLC analysis showed that the disruptant produced only four components, which were C5-oxo-avermectin B1a, B1b, B2a, B2b as identified by UV, IR, NMR, and MS. This revealed that both aveD and aveF were not expressed in the disruptant. This is consistent with that aveD and aveF are in a transcription unit. This paper also provided a new genetic method to obtain C5-oxo-avermectin B-producing strain.
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PMID:[Effect of gene disruption of aveD on avermectins production in Streptomyces avermitilis]. 1255 9

A novel methacrylate monomer containing a quinolone moiety was synthesized and homopolymerized in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) by using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The new monomer was copolymerized with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MPEGMA) in DMF using the same initiator. The monomer, homopolymer, and copolymer were characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), FTIR, (13)C NMR, and (1)H NMR. The antibacterial activities of the monomer as well as polymers were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, which are representative of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. All compounds showed excellent antibacterial activities against these two types of bacteria. The antibacterial activities were determined using the shaking flask method, where 25 mg/mL concentrations of each compound were tested against 10(5) CFU/mL bacteria solutions. The number of viable bacteria was calculated by using the spread plate method, where 100 microL of the incubated antibacterial agent in bacteria solutions were spread on agar plates and the number of viable bacteria was counted after 24 h of incubation period at 37 degrees C.
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PMID:Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activities of novel methacrylate polymers containing norfloxacin. 1563 60


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