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Query: UNIPROT:Q9UIJ5 (Rec)
 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During an epizootic of equine influenza in Norway caused by influenza A/equine (H3N8) virus the efficacy of rapid virus diagnosis by the indirect immunofluorescence technique was evaluated. The antiserum used in the test was a polyclonal influenza A virus antiserum with reactivity directed mainly against the common nucleoprotein and matrix protein. This antiserum possessed sufficient reactivity for the detection of virus-infected exfoliated nasopharyngeal cells. Nasopharyngeal smear samples from 92 horses were examined and a positive diagnosis was obtained for 57 (62 per cent). Paired serum samples were collected from 62 horses and, compared with the haemagglutination inhibition test, the rapid virus diagnosis test had a specificity and sensitivity of 95 per cent and 80 per cent, respectively.
Vet Rec 1990 Jun 02
PMID:Rapid diagnosis of equine influenza. 216 75

Osteocalcin, a major noncollagenous matrix protein of bone, dentin, and cementum, is found in tight association with the calcium phosphate mineral phase of these tissues. This article reviews the structural data for osteocalcin relevant to mineral adsorption. The equilibrium-binding properties for Ca2+ ions and hydroxyapatite are considered, along with the apparent physicochemical effects of osteocalcin on bone mineral dynamics. Several of osteocalcin's possible biological activities (involvement in mineralization, chemoattraction, and leukocyte elastase inhibition) are discussed in relation to the mineral-adsorption characteristics of this protein.
Anat Rec 1989 Jun
PMID:Osteocalcin-hydroxyapatite interaction in the extracellular organic matrix of bone. 254 10

Mice infected with A/England/939/69 X A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (Rec 31) influenza virus by aerosol develop significantly lower levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to A/Hong Kong/1/68 X A/Puerto Rico/8/34/ (X31) virus compared to uninfected mice. The suppression of DTH to the hemagglutinin appears to be mediated by suppressor T cells which carry Lyt-1 membrane antigen marker, and not by sy serum antibody. The suppressor T cells for DTH induced by Rec 31 virus (H3N1) infection suppress the DTH response to the variants of the H3 subtype of influenza viruses, but have no effect on the DTH responses to A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus (H0N1), a B influenza virus or the matrix protein of type A influenza virus. Suppressor T cells for DTH appear 2 wk after infection and are detectable in the spleen for at least 40 d thereafter. T-helper cells for antibody response to hemagglutinin are induced concomitantly with the T-suppressor cells for DTH. Possible implications of the present findings on the regulation of the immune response to viral infection are discussed.
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PMID:Delayed-type hypersensitivity to influenza virus. Induction of antigen-specific suppressor T cells for delayed-type hypersensitivity to hemagglutinin during influenza virus infection in mice. 615 62

Cytochrome oxidase (CO), one of the membrane-bound mitochondrial enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, reflects the functional activity of mitochondria. Mitochondria in the enamel organ show drastic changes in localization during amelogenesis (Smith. INSERM, 1984;125:273-282). In understanding the functional aspects of the enamel organ, it is essential that one knows the exact CO activity in the respective mitochondria. The present study examines the CO activity of mitochondria in the enamel organ of rat incisors throughout the various stages of amelogenesis using light and transmission electron microscopy. CO activity was examined histochemically according to Seligman et al. (J. Cell. Biol., 1968;38:1-14) in decalcified sections of the upper and lower incisors of the rat. In the secretory stage, half of the mitochondria in the ameloblasts accumulated in the infranuclear region were reactive for CO. Both the population and CO activity of the infranuclear mitochondria of ameloblasts decreased significantly in the later stage where the enamel matrix secretion was almost complete. The CO-reactive mitochondria in the cells of the stratum intermedium (SI) gradually increased in number throughout the secretory stage. In the maturation stage, the ameloblasts contained intensively CO-reactive giant mitochondria in the proximal region and regular sized ones in the distal cytoplasm that were mostly devoid of detectable CO reactivity. The proportion of CO-reactive mitochondria in the supranuclear region and the population of mitochondria in the infranuclear regions of the smooth-ended ameloblasts were significantly higher as compared with the respective values in the ruffle-ended ameloblasts. In the late stages of enamel maturation, ameloblasts containing a large number of ferritin-filled pigment vesicles possessed numerous CO-reactive mitochondria between those vesicles in the supranuclear region, implicating an active role of the ameloblasts in iron transfer into the maturing enamel. The papillary layer cells possessed numerous intensively CO-reactive mitochondria throughout the maturation stage. A stage-related variation in the localization of CO-reactive mitochondria in the enamel organ of rat incisors was quantitatively demonstrated. It is conceivable that maturation stage ameloblasts form a functional unit with the papillary layer cells, and operate in energy-requiring events such as active ion transport to, and water and matrix protein removal from the maturating enamel. A sign of such functional integrity among the types of the enamel organ cells (ameloblasts, cells of SI, cells of stellate reticulum, and outer enamel epithelial cells) cannot be seen in the secretory stage. The secretory ameloblasts may function in matrix formation and calcium regulation in a less cooperative manner with the other cells of the enamel organ as compared to the maturation stage ameloblasts.
Anat Rec 1998 12
PMID:Cytochrome oxidase activity in the enamel organ during amelogenesis in rat incisors. 984 3

This study provides concise temporal and spatial characteristics of branchial chondrogenesis in embryonic sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, using high resolution light microscopy, transmission electron, and immunoelectron microscopy. Prechondrogenic condensations representing the first branchial arch appeared first in the mid-region of the third pharyngeal arch at 13 days post-fertilization (pf). Cartilage differentiation, defined by the presence of the unique, fibrillar, non-collagenous matrix protein characteristic of branchial cartilage, was first observed at 14 days pf. Development of lamprey branchial cartilage appeared unusual compared to that in jawed fishes, in that precartilage condensations appear as a one-cell wide orderly stack of flattened cells that extend by the addition of one dorsal and one ventral condensation. Development of lamprey gill arches from three condensations that fuse to form a single skeletal element differs from the developing gill arches of jawed fishes, where more than one skeletal element forms from a single condensation. The initial orderly arrangement of cells in the lamprey branchial prechondrogenic condensations remains throughout development. Once chondrification of the condensations begins, the branchial arches start to grow. Initially, growth occurs as a result of matrix secretion and cell migration. Later in development, the arches grow mainly by cell proliferation and enlargement. This study defines the morphology and timing of lamprey branchial chondrogenesis. Studies of lamprey chondrogenesis provide not only insight into the developmental biology of a unique non-collagenous cartilage in a primitive vertebrate but also into the general evolution of the skeletal system in vertebrates.
Anat Rec 2000 11 01
PMID:Chondrogenesis of the branchial skeleton in embryonic sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. 1106 36

Chronic degenerative disease of the mare's endometrium is characterised by changes in the uterine glands, including cystic dilation, hyperplasia and periglandular fibrosis. Endometrial biopsies were taken from 23 mares with different grades of endometrial degeneration. Solid structures were identified within the lumina of the uterine glands and shown to be calcified by histochemical staining. Most of them were not homogenous but composed of a mixture of mineral and organic substances. Further examinations of these mineralised structures by immunohistochemical methods revealed the presence of the non-collagenous matrix proteins osteopontin, osteonectin and bone sialoprotein, which are known to be involved in calcification processes such as urolithiosis. Osteopontin and bone sialoprotein were identified within the calculi, frequently arranged in concentric layers. Osteonectin was the only matrix protein that was also present in the glandular epithelium. Osteocalcin was not found in either the calculi or the glandular epithelial cells.
Vet Rec 2003 Dec 06
PMID:Mineralised deposits in the uterine glands of mares with chronic endometrial degeneration. 1469 74

The heart extracellular matrix protein hLAMP-1 (lectin-associated matrix protein in the heart) is a component of the particulate matrix that activates the AV endothelium prior to its transformation into mesenchyme within the atrioventricular canal and proximal outflow tract of the heart. The role of hLAMP-1 in this process has yet to be determined, in part because of the limited amount of material available for analysis. To overcome this liability, a monoclonal antibody to hLAMP-1 has been used to recognize proteins expressed by cDNA clones. The isolated cDNAs encode an mRNA consistent with previously published immunohistochemical results. Expression profiles of these clones by in situ hybridization revealed staining in areas of the heart that expressed hLAMP-1 by immunocytochemistry. Taken together, these results suggest that these clones, which represent an expressed sequence tag for hLAMP-1, should provide the basis for isolating a full-length cDNA of hLAMP-1, a prerequisite for determining the functional role of this protein in heart development.
Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 2004 Apr
PMID:Identification of cDNA clones that encode hLAMP-1, a component of the particulate matrix associated with cardiac mesenchyme formation. 1505 58

Klotho-deficient mice exhibit multiple pathological conditions resembling human aging. Our previous study showed alterations in the distribution of osteocytes and in the bone matrix synthesis in klotho-deficient mice. Although the bone and tooth share morphological features such as mineralization processes and components of the extracellular matrix, little information is available on how klotho deletion influences tooth formation. The present study aimed to elucidate the altered histology of incisors of klotho-deficient mice-comparing the findings with those from their wild-type littermates, by using immunohistochemistry for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin, and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridinetriphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) detection for apoptosis, and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) analysis on calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and magnesium (Mg). Klotho-deficient incisors exhibited disturbed layers of odontoblasts, predentin, and dentin, resulting in an obscure dentin-predentinal border at the labial region. Several odontoblast-like cells without ALP activity were embedded in the labial dentin matrix, and immunopositivity for DMP-1 and osteopontin was discernible in the matrix surrounding these embedded odontoblast-like cells. TUNEL detection demonstrated an apoptotic reaction in the embedded odontoblast-like cells and pulpal cells in the klotho-deficient mice. EPMA revealed lower concentrations of Ca, P, and Mg in the klotho-deficient dentin, except for the dentin around abnormal odontoblast-like cells. These findings suggest the involvement of the klotho gene in dentinogenesis and its mineralization.
Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2008 Feb
PMID:Involvement of the klotho protein in dentin formation and mineralization. 1808 32

In order for osteocytes to perceive mechanical information and regulate bone remodeling accordingly they must be anchored to their extracellular matrix (ECM). To date the nature of this attachment is not understood. Osteocytes are embedded in mineralized bone matrix, but maintain a pericellular space (50-80 nm) to facilitate fluid flow and transport of metabolites. This provides a spatial limit for their attachment to bone matrix. Integrins are cell adhesion proteins that may play a role in osteocyte attachment. However, integrin attachments require proximity between the ECM, cell membrane, and cytoskeleton, which conflicts with the osteocytes requirement for a pericellular fluid space. In this study, we hypothesize that the challenge for osteocytes to attach to surrounding bone matrix, while also maintaining fluid-filled pericellular space, requires different "engineering" solutions than in other tissues that are not similarly constrained. Using novel rapid fixation techniques, to improve cell membrane and matrix protein preservation, and transmission electron microscopy, the attachment of osteocyte processes to their canalicular boundaries are quantified. We report that the canalicular wall is wave-like with periodic conical protrusions extending into the pericellular space. By immunohistochemistry we identify that the integrin alphavbeta3 may play a role in attachment at these complexes; a punctate pattern of staining of beta3 along the canalicular wall was consistent with observations of periodic protrusions extending into the pericellular space. We propose that during osteocyte attachment the pericellular space is periodically interrupted by underlying collagen fibrils that attach directly to the cell process membrane via integrin-attachments.
Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2009 Mar
PMID:Attachment of osteocyte cell processes to the bone matrix. 1924 69

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a hormone that modulates circulating phosphate (P(i)) levels by controlling P(i) reabsorption from the kidneys. When FGF23 levels are deficient, as in tumoral calcinosis patients, hyperphosphatemia ensues. We show here in a murine model that Fgf23 ablation disrupted morphology and protein expression within the dentoalveolar complex. Ectopic matrix formation in pulp chambers, odontoblast layer disruption, narrowing of periodontal ligament space, and alteration of cementum structure were observed in histological and electron microscopy sections. Because serum P(i) levels are dramatically elevated in Fgf23(-/-), we assayed for apoptosis and expression of members from the small integrin-binding ligand, N-linked glycoprotein (SIBLING) family, both of which are sensitive to elevated P(i) in vitro. Unlike X-linked hypophosphatemic (Hyp) and wild-type (WT) specimens, numerous apoptotic osteocytes and osteoblasts were detected in Fgf23(-/-) specimens. Further, in comparison to Hyp and WT samples, decreased bone sialoprotein and elevated dentin matrix protein-1 protein levels were observed in cementum of Fgf23(-/-) mice. Additional dentin-associated proteins, such as dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein, exhibited altered localization in both Fgf23(-/-) and Hyp samples. Based on these results, we propose that FGF23 and (P(i)) homeostasis play a significant role in maintenance of the dentoalveolar complex.
Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2010 Jul
PMID:Ablation of systemic phosphate-regulating gene fibroblast growth factor 23 (Fgf23) compromises the dentoalveolar complex. 2058 65


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