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Unification of meat hygiene control in Britain would lead to an improved service in terms of hygiene and welfare and would ensure continuity from the Minister through to the abattoir meat hygiene team. This in turn would increase consumer confidence in British meat both at home and abroad, and would enable compliance with EC meat hygiene requirements for harmonisation beyond 1992. The level of veterinary supervision and control required throughout the meat plant process has not yet been fully determined by the EC. However, the BVA envisages a team approach headed by a veterinarian with the level of direct veterinary involvement tapering from farm to table. BVA envisages an agency operating along the lines of the current Veterinary Medicines Directorate, with a similar identity but relating to meat hygiene and the welfare of animals at slaughter. Such a unified system could operate more efficiently and more economically than smaller separate organisations. Such a system would ensure even application of standards, avoid duplication of activities, and save money by efficient use of staff and resources. The structure would also allow for better salaries and career prospects than smaller local authority units can provide. This would lead to recruitment and commitment of more highly qualified staff. The purpose of the reorganisation would be to establish a meat quality control service which would ensure that meat and meat products supplied to retail outlets are hygienically produced to standards set down by the EC. Such a service would replace the variable standards of local authority departments and enable MAFF to discharge its EC responsibility as the 'competent authority'.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vet Rec 1991 Aug 10
PMID:A policy for a unified meat service. 192 32

The incidence and severity of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Great Britain increased markedly in the mid to late 1970s. Data available in MAFF records have been used to analyse the changing trends in disease incidence and serological prevalence, with particular emphasis on the most recent decade.
Vet Rec 1988 Dec 10
PMID:Changing trends in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Great Britain. 285 Dec 4

The frequency of Johne's disease in cattle in south west England was estimated from data collected by telephone interviews with veterinarians and farmers. The response rate was 81.6 per cent. The disease frequency was expressed as the proportion of farms with clinical disease and the cumulative incidence in the infected herds. The proportion of farms affected was 1.0 per cent and the cumulative incidence on those farms was 1.9 per cent per year. Similar values were obtained when diagnosis by faecal examination, post mortem examination and histology was taken into consideration; 0.9 per cent of farms were affected and the cumulative incidence in the infected herds was 2.0 per cent per year. The survey was validated against three external reference points. There was good agreement between the use of vaccine and MAFF records, and the total number of holdings and census data. When the responses of the veterinarians were compared with those of farmers there was also good agreement on the use of vaccine (kappa = 77.8 per cent), the number of cases reported in the last year of diagnosis (r = 0.78) and the total number of cattle in the herds (r = 0.75). However, the results suggested that the total number of cattle holdings was overestimated and consequently the proportion of farms affected may have been underestimated.
Vet Rec 1994 May 07
PMID:A practice-based survey of the frequency of Johne's disease in south west England. 807 92

Serological analysis of blood samples submitted to the Animal Health Trust showed that during 1995, 185 of 9203 unvaccinated horses (2.0 per cent) tested positive for antibodies to equine arteritis virus (EAV), and that during 1996, 46 of 8851 unvaccinated horses (0.52 per cent) tested positive. During both years thoroughbreds were the predominant breed tested and only a small proportion of these (<0.3 per cent), consisting predominantly of imported mares, were seropositive. In contrast, among standardbred horses, from which samples were actively solicited in 1995, 84 of 454 (18.5 per cent) were seropositive. Among standardbreds there was a difference in prevalence between types of horses, with 3.7 per cent of racing horses, 25 per cent of non-racing horses and 41 per cent of stallions testing seropositive. Investigations of seropositive stallions identified during 1994 and 1995 demonstrated that clinically inapparent equine viral arteritis (EVA) had occurred previously in the UK. Of 50 seropositive stallions, nearly half were standardbreds and nearly all had been imported from either North America or the European Union. Whether 34 seropositive stallions were shedding virus in their semen was established either by test mating, by the serology of the covered mares, or by investigation by MAFF following the introduction of the Equine Viral Arteritis Order 1995. Nine of the stallions (26.5 per cent) were identified as presumptive shedders of EAV in semen and among specific breeds, viral shedding was identified in six of 15 (40 per cent) standardbreds and three of nine (33 per cent) warmbloods. In contrast with the outbreak of EVA in the UK in 1993, no signs of disease typical of EAV infection were reported during these investigations, even in mares test mated to stallions shedding the virus.
Vet Rec 1999 Oct 30
PMID:Serological surveillance of equine viral arteritis in the United Kingdom since the outbreak in 1993. 1057 24

In 1998, a questionnaire was sent to 11,554 British sheep farmers to determine how many believed that scrapie cases had occurred in their flock; 61.4 per cent of them responded anonymously. The results indicated that 14.9 per cent of farmers with more than 30 breeding ewes thought that they had ever experienced scrapie in their flock and 2.7 per cent thought that they had had cases in the past 12 months. A comparison of these results with the number of farmers reporting suspect scrapie cases to MAFF, in accordance with the statutory requirement, suggests that only 13 per cent of farmers who suspect that they may have cases of scrapie are currently reporting them. Scrapie occurred in all regions of the country but there was an apparent regional variation. Larger farms and those with purebred sheep appeared to be at greater risk of having cases. Other differences between affected and unaffected farms included lambing practices and sheep purchasing policy. On the majority of farms the first case occurred in a purchased animal. The survey also revealed a need for the provision of further information about scrapie to farmers.
Vet Rec 2000 Apr 15
PMID:Descriptive epidemiology of scrapie in Great Britain: results of a postal survey. 1081 30