Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:Q9UIJ5 (Rec)
 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scanning and transmission electron microscopy have been used to investigate the structure of the papilla neglecta in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis. Situated in the posterior part of the utricle, the receptor is innervated by a branch of the posterior ampullary nerve and is covered by an extracellular membrane that exhibits a tapering extension into the orifice of the utriculo-saccular duct. The neuroepithelium contains two populations of sensory cells within a matrix of sustentacular cells; one population (non-calyceal hair cells) is supplied primarily by boutons and clublike terminals, while the other (calyceal hair cells) is served by calycine terminals that invest from one to five sensory cells. The apices of calyceal hair cells bulge into the utricular lumen and have larger diameters and ciliary counts than non-calyceal cells, but other differences are not marked. Although the bases of calyceal hair cells are deeply indented by calyceal processes, both types show similar afferent synaptic structures confined to the nuclear and infranuclear regions. Efferent terminals synapse on afferent endings and hair cells in both cases; synapses directly on calyceal hair cells lie above the calyx, just beneath the apicolateral junctional complexes. Those complexes are basically similar throughout the receptor, except that a hemispheroidal gap junction between a supporting cell and adjacent hair cell was noted in several instances. Arrays of endoplasmic reticulum and specialized mitochondria occur adjacent to aggregations of afferent synaptic vesicles in both types of sensory cell; it is suggested that such arrays may participate in the production of the vesicles in a process involving membrane recycling similar to that at the neuromuscular junction. Differences between calycine units and the type I hair cell of mammals are discussed, and evidence that suggests an equilibratory function for the lacertilian papilla neglecta is presented.
Anat Rec 1978 May
PMID:A study of the structure of the papilla neglecta in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis. 64 39

The anterior medial glands lying in the submucosa of the rat nasal septum were studied by light and electron microscopy. The glands consist of a single long duct, which is studded with numerous solitary acinar formations connected perpendicularly to the main duct by short intercalated ducts. Proximal acini (those furthest from the stoma of the main duct) consist of typical serous cells with many dense secretory granules and an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum. The most distal acini consist of cells whose major feature is the enwrapment of each mitochondrion by a cisternal profile of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Myoepithelial cells are absent from proximal acini, but are abundant on distal acini. Intracellular nerve terminals are extremely common, particularly in distal acini. The main ducts resemble, to a degree, the striated ducts of salivary glands.
Anat Rec 1978 Jun
PMID:Ultrastructure of the anterior medial glands of the rat nasal septum. 66 15

The majority of human cardiac glands that lie immediately distal to the termination of esophageal epithelium are compound or branched tubular glands. They empty into overlying gastric pits. The glands of this region are often organized into lobule-like complexes by the surrounding connective tissue of the lamina propria. The secretory tubules contain mucous cells, parietal cells and endocrine cells. The mucous cell is the most common cell type observed and appears to comprise two populations. The majority are pyramidal in shape and show numerous spherical, electron-dense secretory granules. Profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum are observed scattered throughout the cytoplasm and Golgi complexes occupy a supranuclear position in relation to forming secretory granules. Morphologically this cell type appears similar to the mucous neck cell of the fundus. Secretory granules of a second mucous cell type are mottled in appearance and show an area of increased electron density near the limiting membrane. Parietal cells are observed and appear identical to those in the fundus. The large number of endocrine cells present raises questions concerning the traditional concept of the function of these particular glands.
Anat Rec 1978 Sep
PMID:Morphological observations on the normal human cardiac glands. 70 23

Different types of human germ cells show unusual features of the nuclear envelope. Spermatogonial nuclei demonstrate two kinds of modifications. The first one is a series of intranuclear flattened cisterns, parallel to each other and to the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope. The second one is a nuclear envelope protrusion into the cytoplasm occupied by a double membrane-limited vesicle. Pores are found on the membrane of the vesicle facing the interior of the nucleus. In spermatocytes the nuclear pores are concentrated over certain areas and completely absent from others. In the regions where they are absent a single cytoplasmic cistern of rough endoplasmic reticulum is closely apposed to the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. Early modifications of the nuclear surface appear in spermatids before the attachment of the acrosomic vesicle and may indicate an active role of the nuclear envelope in the morphogenesis of the acrosome. In round spermatids nuclear pores are absent from the area which is first related to the Golgi and later covered by the acrosomal cap. Single or multiple layers of cytoplasmic annulate lamellae are closely associated with the nuclear envelope over the pore rich areas. Frequently there are intranuclear accumulations of dense material adjacent to the annulate lamellae-nuclear pore complex. The chromatoid body is usually present on the cytoplasmic side of this complex. In the elongating spermatids most annulate lamellae are free in the cytoplasm, often in relation with Golgi and chromatoid body remnants near the axial filament. Few stacks of annulate lamellae are noted adjacent to the pore rich nuclear regions. It is suggested that the described modifications are related to an active nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction.
Anat Rec 1978 Dec
PMID:Unusual features of the nuclear envelope in human spermatogenic cells. 73 70

The fine structure of the rete testis was examined in several primates, domestic animals and rodents. The rete testis consists of a series of interconnected wide channels lined with a simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium, resting on a thick basal lamina. Beneath the basal lamina dense bundles of collagen fibrils and a few blood vessels, lymphatics or nerve tissue are found. The epithelial cells are characterized by large, deeply indented nuclei, spherical or short rod-shaped mitochondria, supranuclear Golgi profiles, some cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes and numerous micropinocytotic vesicles in the ectoplasmic regions. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, secretory granules, lysosomes or other types of dense bodies are rarely seen. The apical surface of the cells bears numerous microvilli and a single very long flagellum which is presumed to be motile. Ajoining lateral cell membranes exhibit a juxtaluminal tight junction, elaborate interdigitations and desmosomes. The basal plasma membrane is highly irregular greatly increasing its surface area of contact with the underlying interstitium. The nuclei of the rete epithelial cells contain pale-staining, spherical structure, 2 mum in diameter, composed of circularly oriented fine filaments. The significance of the nuclear structures remains unknown. Thorotrast was injected into the lumen of the hamster and rat rete testis and 30 minutes later the proximal portion of the excurrent duct system of the testis was prepared for electron microscopy. Whereas the ductuli efferentes and first part of the epididymis possessed numerous apical vesicles filled with the thorotrast, this electron opaque substance was rarely found in the epithelium of the rete testis. Thus, incorporation of particulate matter into the lining cells of the rete from its lumen is apparently less active than in the epithelium of the ductuli and epididymis. Vascularly introduced intercellular tracer compounds such as lanthanum nitrate or horseradish peroxidase did not enter the lumen of the rete testis from the interstitium. The tracer molecules appeared to be blocked by the juxtaluminal tight junction separating adjacent epithelial cells. This latter observation suggests that a blood-testis barrier exists at the level of the rete testis epithelium. Although physiological studies have indicated that the composition of fluid secreted in the seminiferous epithelium is considerably modified in the rete testis, the present morphological study does not provide additional evidence to support a secretory or absorptive function for this region of the excurrent duct system of the testis.
Anat Rec 1976 Dec
PMID:The mammalian rete testis--a morphological examination. 82 16

The interstitial tissue of the testis of the nine-banded armadillo is composed of blood vessels, clusters of Leydig cells, the usual connective tissue elements, and a network of lymphatic sinusoids. The endothelial walls of the sinusoids are separated from the peritubular contractile cell layer surrounding the seminiferous tubules by a thin layer of collagen. The pertibular contractile cell is characterized by filaments and dense bodies within the cytoplasm, whereas the endothelial cells lack these structures. Within each cluster, several Leydig cells surround one or more blood vessels. Adjacent Leydig cells are jointed by 2- to 3-nm wide gap junctions and desmosome-like specializations. The Leydig cell is polygonal in shape with an ovoid nucleus. The cell is characterized by an abundance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum which appears as sheets of membranes, concentric whorls around vacuoles, and a random tubular network. Only a few short cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum are observed. Centrioles are closely associated with the Golgi apparatus. Rod-like mitochondria with tubular cristae are scattered throughout the cytoplasm. In addition, the cells contain vacuoles resulting from lipid extraction, filaments, microtubules, and glycogen. The surface of the cell exposed to the intercellular spaces exhibit numberous pinocytotic vesicles and cell processes which indicate active movement of material across the plasma membrane. In comparison to other mammalian species, the ultrastructural organization of the interstitium and the fine structure of Leydig cell of the armadillo resemble those of the guinea pig.
Anat Rec 1977 Jan
PMID:The fine structure of the interstitial tissue of the testis of the nine-banded armadillo. 83 39

The sublingual gland of the cat consists primarily of branched secretory tubules that open into an abbreviated duct system. The simple epithelium that composes the secretory tubules consists of an admixture of mucous and serous cells, with the former predominating. Some secretory tubules are capped by a serous demilune. Regardless of position, almost all serous cells have prominent basal folds and border on at least one intercellular canaliculus as well as on the tubule lumen. Serous cells possess an extensive array of irregular, distended cisternae of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum that frequently contain dense intracisternal granules. Serous granules are relatively few in number and rarely show evidence of substructure. Mucous cells, which lack basal folds, contain an apical mass of secretory material in the form of partially fused droplets. The duct system is somewhat less ordered than in most major salivary glands; secretory tubules empty into structures resembling intercalated ducts or may be in direct continuity with ducts intermediate in morphology between intercalated and excretory ducts. The absence of striated ducts noted in this study may be correlated with the high sodium content of cat sublingual saliva. The main excretory duct of the sublingual gland closely resembles that of the cat submandibular gland in terms of morphology, but exhibits little of the transport functions reported in the latter duct.
Anat Rec 1977 Feb
PMID:Ultrastructure of the cat sublingual gland. 84 74

The differentiation of leukocytes in the bone marrow and blood of normal adult male rats was studied by electron microscopy and peroxidase cytochemistry. Tissue samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde, or paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde, and incubated in a peroxidase medium containing 3,3'-diaminobenzidine and H2O2 ad pH 7.6. Mature cells of blood were identified, and then the earlier stages of maturation in bone marrow were analyzed. In immature cells of four cell lines, neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils, peroxidase is synthesized and could be demonstrated in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), Golgi complex, and in cytoplasmic granules. Later in maturation, reaction product for peroxidase could not be found in RER or Golgi complex, indicating that peroxidase synthesis had ceased. In two cell lines, neutrophils and monocytes, peroxidase-negative granules were formed, and the mature cells contained two populations of cytochemically distinct granules. All granules of mature eosinophils were peroxidase-positive. In mature basophils, some granules were clearly peroxidase-positive; others displayed variable density, making interpretation uncertain. Mast cells were never seen in blood, but were abundant in bone marrow; peroxidase was never found in their granules by either electron microscopic cytochemistry or a variety of light microscopic methods. Hence, these cells differ from basophils, not only in morphology but also in the enzyme content of their granules.
Anat Rec 1977 Feb
PMID:Ultrastructural localization of peroxidase in leukocytes of rat bone marrow and blood. 84 77

Young adult male rats were administered medroxyprogesterone (Provera, Upjohn) alone and in combination with testosterone,as has been done to inhibit male fertility. The histology and the fine structure of several segments of the epididymis, the ventral prostate, and the seminal vesicle were studied at intervals after treatment for up to 16 weeks. The epididymides of treated animals weighed less than those of control rats. Microscopic alterations in the epididymis were similar in rats treated with Provera alone and in those animals that received Provera and testosterone, but the changes varied with the segment of the epididymis. In the middle segment in the caput epididymidis, the normally abundant luminal sperm were absent but the epithelium retained its normal ultrastructural features. In the terminal segment in the cauda epididymidis, different changes were observed in the proximal and distal portions. In the proximal cauda epididymidis, the lumen was small, irregular in outline, and virtually devoid of sperm. The light cells of the epididymal epithelium in the proximal cauda contained extremely large numbers of dense bodies resembling lysosomes, which occupied most of the supranuclear and basal cytoplasm. In contrast, in the distal part of the cauda epididymidis, the epithelium had a normal appearance but the lumen was filled with debris, sperm, and spherical masses of cytoplasm that were apparently derived from germ cells. It is suggested that the clearing of the lumen of the proximal cauda epididymidis may reflect the greater activity of light cells of the epididymal epithelium in that region. Although alterations in spermatogenesis may be most important in the antifertility effect of progestin and androgen, these alterations in epididymal sperm and epithelium may also play a role. The weights of the prostate and seminal vesicles of rats treated with Provera (1 mg/100 g/day) were greatly reduced compared to those of control rats. Although there was considerable variation, in many specimens treated with Provera alone the epithelium of the prostate showed a change from a columnar to a cuboidal or squamous shape, and there was a reduction in the size and abundance of organelles involved in the formation of secretions. The microscopic structure of the seminal vesicle of rats treated with Provera was less severely affected than the prostate. Although the seminal vesicle epithelium of Provera-treated rats was generally not as tall as in control animals, the cells possessed parallel cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vacuoles, and an active-appearing Golgi apparatus, suggesting that they continued to be able to form secretions in the presence of Provera. The weights of the sex accessory glands were maintained at control levels by the administration of testosterone, 100 mug/100 g/day, along with the Provera. A normal fine structure was present in the epithelium of both the prostate and seminal vesicle of rats administered this amount of testosterone in addition to Provera...
Anat Rec 1977 Apr
PMID:The influence of progestin and androgen on the fine structure of the male reproductive tract of the rat. II. Epididymis and sex accessory glands. 84 79

The morphology of the thyroid gland of the woodchuck, Marmota monax, was studied during the four seasons of the year. In the spring the thyroid is extremely heterogenous in appearance. Some follicular cells appear quite active. They contain a well defined Golgi apparatus, abundant large colloid droplets and pseudopodia but few, if any, apical vesicles. Other less active cells have poorly defined rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and lack a well developed Golgi apparatus. They do not contain apical vesicles or colloid droplets. Summer thyroids have uniformly small follicles which are lined by high cuboidal cells containing numerous mitochondria, apical vesicles, abundant rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid droplets but few colloid droplets. There is extensive lateral and basal infolding of the cytoplasmic membranes in these cells. In the fall and winter the follicles are larger than in the summer and contain more colloid. Numerous heterogeneous dense bodies appear in the cytoplasm of the follicular cells in the fall and increase in number in the winter when there is an obvious sparsity of such glycoprotein synthetic organelles as Golgi apparatus and rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. These morphologic changes are compared with previous studies of thyroid structure and function in other animals and are correlated with the seasonal physiologic activities of the woodchuck.
Anat Rec 1977 Apr
PMID:The thyroid gland of the woodchuck, Marmota monax: a morphological study of seasonal variations in the follicular cells. 84 81


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>