Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The oral administration of phenylbutazone at a dose rate of approximately 10 mg per kg per day for seven to 14 days resulted in the development of signs of toxicity in seven of eight ponies treated. Clinical signs included anorexia, depression and abdominal oedema. Blood biochemical determinations showed a decrease in total plasma protein and calcium concentrations with an increase in urea concentration. These changes were considered indicative of water retention. Three of the ponies died during treatment following the development of shock. Shock was considered to arise from the submucosal oedema of the large intestine observed on necropsy. Oral ulceration was also found in these animals. In two ponies intravenous administration of phenylbutazone (4.0 mg per kg) for seven days was studied. In one of these ponies a marked decrease in total plasma protein concentration occurred.
Vet Rec 1979 Jul 14
PMID:Phenylbutazone toxicity in ponies. 55 15

The structure, distribution, density and innervation of arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) have been compared in the skin of Weddell and elephant seals, as part of a study of the structure and function of arteriovenous anastomoses in mammals. In both genera AVAs were coiled vessels with the segmental structure typical of "epithelioid" anastomoses and possessed a dense peripheral adrenergic innervation. In both Weddell and elephant seals there was no statistically significant difference between the mean density of AVAs in body skin and flipper skin. The majority, approximately 71% of AVAs occurred superficially in the dermis, fewer (23%) occurred in the deeper dermis, and 6% were present in the thick hypodermis (bubber). The density of AVAs in Weddell and elephant seals is approximately eight times greater than that reported in other animals and the superficial position of anastomoses over the whole of the body surface is characteristic of phocid seals. When open, AVAs in Weddell and elephant seals allow maximal heat loss from the skin surface by passing large volumes of blood into the superficial veins. AVAs in seals are important in dissipation of body heat, particularly when the animals are out of the water, and the entire surface area is thermoregulatory rather than specific regions such as the flippers.
Anat Rec 1978 Jun
PMID:Arteriovenous anastomoses in the skin of seals. I. The Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddelli and the elephant seal Mirounga leonina (Pinnipedia: Phocidae). 66 19

An outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium in an upland sheep flock was characterised by rapid spread and heavy mortalities in ewes and young lambs. Clinical signs included diarrhoea and abortion. Abomasitis was the most striking and consistent post mortem lesion. Vaccination was the only control method that was apparently successful. Infection also occurred in the cattle, farm personnel, and a dog. Following the outbreak, pasture contamination and excreting cattle provided a reservoir of infection so that contamination of water courses and sporadic cases occurred over a year later.
Vet Rec 1976 Feb 14
PMID:An outbreak of S typhimurium in sheep and its consequences. 76 2

We describe morphological sex differences in urinary bladders of the urodele amphibian Necturus maculosus. The mucosal epithelial cells of bladders from males were tall and contained considerable PAS-positive material. In scanning electron micrographs of the mucosal surface, epithelial cells from male bladders were well demarcated and were capped with microplicae or with long cilia. The mucosal epithelial cells of bladders from females were low and contained only a small amount of PAS-positive material; in scanning electron micrographs cell boundaries could not be distinguished and no cilia or microplicae were present. Bladders from males had higher transepithelial potential difference and lower water content than bladders from females. Urine analyses were not significantly different in the two sexes. It is suggested that response to androgens in the male accounts for the observed differences.
Anat Rec 1977 Jan
PMID:Sex differences in Necturus urinary bladders. 83 42

The investigation of a high incidence of arthritis in 21 dairy herds disclosed elevated fluorine levels in bone samples. In every herd except one, where herbage and water was contaminated by industrial fall-out, the main source of the fluorine was from mineral supplements; In a few herds, purchased cake or grain balancers contributed to the abnormal levels. Over 100 cows with arthritis had fluroine levels in the bone of between 2000 and 8000 ppm, or were in herds whose diet contained excess fluorine. Characteristic tooth lesions often confirmed the link between arthritis and fluorosis. Sixteen out of 31 samples of mineral supplement contained dangerous levels of fluorine (3000 to 13000 ppm). Grain balancers contained up to 400 ppm F, and dairy cake had levels as high as 140 ppm F. There was a statistical correlation between a high incidence of damage to peri-articular structures, resulting in debility and loss of production, and elevated bone fluorine.
Vet Rec 1977 Jan 29
PMID:Fluorosis in dairy cattle. 84 22

In 29 normal persons with complete dental arches, the muscular activity of the temporalis, masseter, medical pterygoid, anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles was studied electromyographically with bipolar fine wire electrodes during various mandibular movements--both resisted and unresisted. Action potentials were recorded on FM magnetic tape and each experiment was also videotaped. Temporalis muscle was active during centric closing of the jaw with either contact of the teeth, or against resistance; during free lateral movements to the ipsilateral side, either against resistance or occlusal contact; during incisor gum chewing, molar gum chewing on ipsilateral or contralateral sides, during normal mastication; and during forceful centric occlusion. Activity occurred in the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles during the following movements; closing the jaw slowly either without occlusal contact or with occlusal contact and against resistance; free lateral movement to contralateral side, either against resistance or with occlusal contact; protraction of the jaw either without occlusal contact or with occlusal contact; swallowing either saliva or water; incisor gum chewing with either the ipsilateral or contralateral molars; normal mastication; and during forceful centric occlusion. Activity occurred in the digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles during the following movements; opening of the jaw either slowly or maximally against resistance; closing the jaw against resistance; free lateral movement to ipsilateral and contralateral sides, either against resistance or with occlusal contact; protraction against resistance of the jaw either without or with occlusal contact; swallowing saliva and water; and protraction of the tongue. They work in antagonism (reciprocally) during gum chewing and normal mastication.
Anat Rec 1977 Feb
PMID:Integrated actions of masticatory muscles: simultaneous EMG from eight intramuscular electrodes. 84 75

A dependable method for freeze-drying tissues for electron microscopy has been developed. Thin slices of fresh tissue were frozen by bringing them into direct contact with a polished copper bar at liquid nitrogen temperature. The tissue was transferred to a copper specimen block equipped with a thermocouple and heating circuit for accurate control of the environmental temperature of the tissue, and evacuated in a glass freeze-drier using clean high vacuum techniques for keeping the system free of hydrocarbons. The tissue was dried by increasing the temperature of the specimen block 10 degrees C each hour while monitoring the rate of water removal from the tissue with a partial pressure analyzer. The dry tissue was fixed with OsO4 vapor, vacuum embedded in a low viscosity epoxy resin, sectioned, stained, and viewed with the electron microscope. Tissue processed in this manner exhibits excellent morphological preservation at both cellular and organellar levels without prefixation or the use of cryoprotective agents. The results of the experiments using the partial pressure analyzer indicate that small blocks of tissue can be dried in a short time at low temperature.
Anat Rec 1977 Apr
PMID:Preparation of biological tissues for electron microscopy by freeze-drying. 84 80

Experimental swine dysentery was produced in groups of susceptible pigs by feeding pure cultures of two isolates of T hyodysenteriae. These infected groups of pigs were then used to assess the efficacy of ronidazole medication of the drinking water and of the feed in the treatment and prophylaxis of the experimental disease. Ronidazole was found to be effective in the treatment of swine dysentery and appeared to eliminate the causal agent, T hyodysenteriae, from treated affected pigs when given in the drinking water at 30 and 60 ppm for three days and in the feed at 120 ppm for four days. The inclusion of ronidazole in the feed for 14 days at 30, 60 and 90 ppm was found to suppress the development of the disease but 90 ppm was the only level found to prevent the development of infection.
Vet Rec 1976 Dec 04
PMID:Ronidazole in the treatment and prophylaxis of experimental swine dysentery. 99 97

The isolation of Salmonella java (phage type Worksop) from the water of a terrapin tank is described. Two terrapins excreted the organism throughout a nine month observation period. Attention is drawn to recent reports of human illness associated with these animals kept as domestic pets.
Vet Rec 1975 Jan 25
PMID:Salmonella excretion by terrapins and the associated hazard to human health. 111 41

In a case of poisoning involving 70 cattle analysis of specimens obtained during post mortem examination showed that the toxic substances were arsenic and toxaphene. This was consistent with both the clinical and post mortem findings. Arsenic was detected in water from an abandoned cattle dip in the farm. Soil samples collected in the vicinity of the dip contained both arsenic and toxaphene.
Vet Rec 1975 Feb 15
PMID:An outbreak of arsenic and toxaphene poisoning in Kenyan cattle. 111 75


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