Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:Q9UIJ5 (Rec)
 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied the effects of air drying of exposed, acid etched dentin on the sensory innervation of rat molars. In the acute series of experiments, trigeminal nerve fibers were labeled by axonal transport of radioactive protein prior to the dentin exposure and desiccation, the anesthetized rats were fixed by aldehyde perfusion 10 min later, and the teeth were prepared for autoradiography. The results confirmed the hydrodynamic theory by showing outward movement of labeled nerve material in response to dentinal drilling and desiccation. It also showed that some odontoblasts could be separated from the dentinal nerve fibers. In the chronic series, teeth were injured 25 h, 5-7 days, or 21 days prior to fixation and nerves were labeled during the last 24 hours; the surviving vital nerve fibers were evident because of their axonal transport of the radioactive label. In that series, sensory nerve fibers were found to have been lost from areas with newly-formed reparative dentin, or from dentinal tubules that had lost their odontoblasts. In the teeth injured 25 h, 5-7 days, or 21 days earlier, an abnormal nonneuronal labeling occurred 0.2-0.3 mm into injured dentin. Our results are discussed in relation to the hydrodynamic theory, nerve-odontoblast interactions, differences between shallow and deep cavity injuries, altered nerve location in response to pulpal or dentinal injury, and characteristics of the pulp-dentin border.
Anat Rec 1988 Aug
PMID:Acute and chronic reactions of dental sensory nerve fibers to cavities and desiccation in rat molars. 318 78

Surface coat material (SCM) has been illustrated in association with the apical surfaces of numerous epithelia during morphogenesis. This study investigates the development of a SCM associated with the invaginating otic placode/vesicle in the chick. Glycoconjugate containing SCM was retained by the inclusion of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in the fixative, histochemically visualized by using ruthenium red (RR) staining, and viewed by scanning (SEM) or transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Initial characterization of the glycoconjugates present in this material was elucidated by using lectins conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate. Lectins utilized included concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and soybean agglutinin (SBA). Invagination of the otic placode was apparent as early as stage 12. By stage 15 the vesicle was beginning to separate from the surface ectoderm as evidenced by its aperture, which was altered in shape and reduced in size. All embryos fixed with glutaraldehyde containing either CPC or RR were shown to possess SCM associated with the surface ectoderm, particularly in the area of the otic placode/vesicle. Additional embryos were processed by cryofixation without prior aldehyde fixation; these also exhibited SCM. All lectins labelled the epithelium of the otic placode/vesicle. However, their binding patterns were not identical. The binding of Con A and WGA remained constant over the stages studied, while SBA increased as the otic vesicle developed. The data clearly indicate that otic placode morphogenesis is accompanied by the synthesis of SCM rich in glycoconjugates.
Anat Rec 1988 Feb
PMID:Surface coat material associated with the developing otic placode/vesicle in the chick. 335 62

After aldehyde-tannic fixation, Zinc-iodine-osmium fixation, Phospho Tungstic acid-chromium stain and two cytochemical reactions, the ultrastructure of the Golgi complex of early spermatids in the guinea pig reveals two different regions. One, close to the cell surface, involves endoplasmic reticulum (ER), intermediate vesicles, and Golgi outer cisternae and has membranes of uniform thickness and symmetrical trilaminar pattern, a strong ZIO precipitate, and an almost negligible cytochemical reaction to polysaccharides and cholesterol. The other region, close to the nucleus, exhibits thicker, sometimes asymmetric membranes, a polygonal network coating the thick cisterna, condensing vacuoles and areas of the acrosomal membrane, an intense reaction to polysaccharides and cholesterol, and packages of different densities in the condensing vacuoles and acrosome. This work also shows the coincidence of the cytochemical marker of cholesterol with the polygonal coating of clathrin in the condensing face of the Golgi.
Anat Rec 1986 Oct
PMID:The Golgi complex of the early spermatid in guinea pig. 377 46

The ultrastructural distribution of complex carbohydrates in an early formation stage of rat incisor enamel was investigated by staining with the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate reaction (PA-TCH-SP) for vicinal glycol-containing glycoconjugates, the phosphotungstic acid-chromic acid mixture (PTA) for glycoproteins, and the cationic dyes alcian blue or bismuth nitrate for sulfated glycoconjugates. In order to remove selectively sulfated complex carbohydrates, half of the serial sections obtained were digested with a bovine testicular hyaluronidase prior to staining. Far fewer electron-dense deposits were observed with the PA-TCH-SP method on hyaluronidase-treated sections, especially those subsequently treated for 48 hours with TCH. On the other hand, the minimal staining obtained with PTA was much more intense on sections treated with hyaluronidase where linear fiberlike structures were observed. With cationic dyes, staining of dotlike alignment structures and ground substance was obtained but was completely abolished by hyaluronidase treatment. Cuprolinic blue in a critical electrolyte concentration, ruthenium hexamine trichloride used with aldehyde during fixation, as well as rapid-freezing followed by freeze-substitution validate that this dotlike distribution is not an artefact of processing. The staining results demonstrated that the glycoproteins and sulfated complex carbohydrates in developing rat incisor enamel each display a specific distribution pattern. The glycoproteins were present as fiberlike structures and the sulfated carbohydrates appeared as dotlike formations located close to the surface of the fiberlike structures, and/or in the spaces between them.
Anat Rec 1986 Oct
PMID:Ultrastructural location of complex carbohydrates in developing rat incisor enamel. 377 50

The effects of hemithyroidectomy (hemiTX) and complete thyroidectomy (TX) on the cellular composition and the mitotic activity of the anterior pituitary gland were examined in genetically thyrotropin (TSH)-deficient female Snell dwarf mice (dw/dw) and in phenotypically normal female mice (?/+) from the same strain. In normal (nondwarf) mice, both hemiTX and TX reduced the percentage of acidophilic (orange G-positive) cells and increased the percentage of thyrotropic (aldehyde fuchsin [AF]-positive) cells, whereas the percentage of gonadotrophs (PAS-positive cells) and chromophobes (unstained cells) was not affected. Both interventions increased the mean mitotic activity rate (MMAR) of the anterior pituitary lobe. This effect was related to the enhancement of the MMAR of acidophilic cells and, particularly, thyrotropic cells. The MMAR of thyrotrophs in thyroidectomized normal mice was significantly higher than that in sham-TX controls or in hemithyroidectomized animals. In Snell dwarf mice, neither hemiTX nor TX affected the percentage of the various cell categories (PAS-positive, unstained, and extremely rare AF-positive cells) in the anterior pituitary lobe. Furthermore, neither hemiTX nor TX substantially influenced the MMAR of the gland. No mitotic figures were found in the AF-positive cells. Since the AF-positive cells in the anterior pituitary of dwarf mice completely failed to respond to hemiTX or TX, we believe they are not true thyrotropic cells. Using electron microscopy, we confirmed a lack of somatotrophs, mammotrophs, and normal thyrotrophs in the anterior pituitary of Snell dwarf mice. The results provide morphological evidence of inactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in Snell dwarf mice.
Anat Rec 1984 Dec
PMID:Further evidence of inactivity of hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in Snell dwarf mice. 652 99

The ultrastructure of arterioles supplying the median eminence of eight rats, eight rabbits, and two cats was studied after vascular perfusion with phosphate buffered aldehyde fixatives. There were terminal arterioles with a lumen diameter of 50-70 micron within the pars tuberalis. Smaller arterioles (precapillary sphincters and metarterioles) with a lumen diameter of 15-20 micron were present on the surface of the median eminence. Arterioles were not observed to penetrate the neuropil but were seen to supply the external capillary plexus of the median eminence. Direct innervation of arterioles supplying the median eminence was not present and hence regulation of median eminence blood flow by peripheral sympathetic mechanisms appears unlikely. Resistance vessels were found to be closely related to axon terminals on the surface of the median eminence and to fenestrated capillaries of the external plexus. In addition, the endothelial cells of arterioles were characterized by the presence of pits and vesicles which may play a role in transendothelial transport. These findings suggest two mechanisms by which blood flow into the median eminence can be regulated: (a) by central catecholaminergic systems terminating in the median eminence and (b) by catecholamine secretions from the adrenal medulla.
Anat Rec 1984 Dec
PMID:Resistance vessels supplying the median eminence of the rabbit, rat, and cat. 652 2

An improved method is presented for processing single cells for electron microscopy. Agarose, which has a low (30 degrees C) gelling temperature, was used as an initial embedding medium for single cells (spermatozoa and oocytes) and dissociated cell preparations (luteal cells and spleen cells). Dispersed cells of corpus luteum, spleen, and epididymal spermatozoa were placed in 1.5% agarose after aldehyde fixation. These fixed cells, embedded in agarose, were packed into a dense pellet by centrifugation, postfixed, then embedded in Epon. Mammalian eggs were not centrifuged; instead, they were embedded in agarose discs. Cells embedded in agarose were cooled below 30 degrees C to allow for gelling, then processed for electron microscopy. Because agarose has a low gelling temperature, some heat-labile substances were preserved, as demonstrated by retention of peroxidase activity using the DAB histochemical method. The agarose embedding procedure is both rapid and facile, and has proven to be of value in the handling of fragile single cells for electron microscopic studies.
Anat Rec 1981 Oct
PMID:An improved method for processing single cells for electron microscopy utilizing agarose. 703 63

The ultrastructure of plexus muscularis profundus (PMP) of the mouse small intestine was investigated subsequent to vascular perfusion with ruthenium red-containing and routine aldehyde fixatives. Four types of nerve terminals were revealed. Type I: numerous 500-A agranular vesicles and few 1,000-A granular vesicles. Type II: predominantly large (1,000-1,500 A), granular vesicles and fewer 500-A agranular vesicles. Type III: an abundance of mitochondria and many flattened vesicles (300 A X 700-1,300 A). Type IV was identified by abundant smooth cisternae 200 A in width. Types I-III formed close (200 A), synapse-like contacts to interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-III). Presynaptic densities were frequent in type I endings. A direct innervation of muscle cells via PMP was only very occasionally suggested. ICC-III possessed a basal lamina and numerous caveolae associated with subsurface SER-cisternae. Mitochondria were very abundant in ICC-III-processes. ICC-III formed multiple, large gap junctions with outer circular-muscle cells and with other ICC-III. Also reflexive gap junctions were observed. Fibroblastlike cells (FLC) were distinguished by their prominent GER, the frequent presence of lipid droplets, and the lack of caveolae and a basal lamina. FLC never participated in synaptic arrangements or gap junctions. Macrophage-like cells were occasionally encountered. It is concluded that possible efferent and afferent nerve terminals in PMP may chiefly, if not exclusively, innervate ICC-III, the ultrastructure of which is compatible with efferent and/or afferent modulatory actions.
Anat Rec 1982 May
PMID:Plexus muscularis profundus and associated interstitial cells. II. Ultrastructural studies of mouse small intestine. 710 20

A study was undertaken to examine, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the kidney glomeruli of control mice 1 mo, 10 mo, and 24 mo of age, as well as dietarily restricted mice 10 mo and 24 mo of age. One month old female C57BL/6J mice were offered one of the following: 1) a control diet containing 24% protein fed ad lib; 2) the control diet fed on alternate days (intermittently fed); or 3) a diet containing 4% protein fed ad lib. Animals were sacrificed, by aldehyde perfusion at 1 mo, 10 mo, and 24 mo of age. The kidneys were sliced and prepared for SEM. There was a significant age-related increase in glomerular diameter and amount of microvilli on the podocyte surface (microvillus index). Although the diameters of the podocytes increased approximately 20% with age, these differences were not statistically significant. Feeding a 4% protein diet resulted in smaller diameters of glomeruli and podocytes as well as smaller microvilli indices as compared to those of control animals. Although similar differences were observed in the kidneys of intermittently fed animals, only the microvillus index was statistically significant. Therefore, dietary manipulations, which have been shown to increase life span, result in marked morphological differences when compared to control animals.
Anat Rec 1980 Feb
PMID:Effects of age and dietary restriction on the kidney glomeruli of mice: observations by scanning electron microscopy. 741 8

The three-dimensional organization of the membrane system of the rat parietal cells in the resting state and during early stimulation with tetragastrin (gastrin) was determined by ultra-high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Specimens were prepared by cytoplasmic matrix removal using the aldehyde-osmium-DMSO-osmium procedure. The intracellular canaliculus was lined with numerous microvilli. Viewed from the cytoplasmic side, the intracellular canaliculi appeared as an arborized system of cactus-like structures with numerous round holes about 100 nm in diameter corresponding to the basal openings of the microvilli. The intracellular canaliculi were more developed after gastrin stimulation than in the resting state. In resting cells, most of the tubulovesicles were isolated, 100-200 nm in diameter, spherical or tubular in shape, and had a smooth surface. After gastrin stimulation, these structures were interconnected by slender tubules of about 30 nm in diameter forming together tubulovesicular network. Occasionally, swollen and shrunken profiles were observed. The tubulovesicular network was connected with the intracellular canaliculus only at a few sites by the slender connecting tubules. Fusion of the tubulovesicular network with the intracellular canaliculus is observed at such sites. In the fasted rat, the microvilli were slender and their interior was packed with some kind of ill-defined material, probably microfilaments. However, after gastrin stimulation, the microvilli were swollen and their interior was almost empty. These morphological changes seem to indicate the accumulation of fluid in the microvilli after gastrin stimulation, with subsequent swelling.
Anat Rec 1993 Oct
PMID:Ultra-high-resolution scanning electron microscopic studies on the membrane system of the parietal cells of the rat in the resting state and shortly after stimulation. 823 72


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>