Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lectin binding was studied in the developing airways of Syrian golden hamsters on gestational days 11-16 (day 16 is the day of birth). The trachea and lungs were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde, 6% mercuric chloride-1% sodium acetate-0.1% glutaraldehyde, and 95% ethanol; embedded in paraffin; and stained with eight lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: Triticum vulgare (WGA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Helix pomatia (HPA), Maclura pomifera (MPA), Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 (GSA I-B4), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Ulex europeus I (UEA I), and Limulus polyphemus (LPA). Each lectin yielded a characteristic staining pattern, which modulated throughout development. In general, changes in staining characteristics of the tracheal epithelium preceded similar changes in the lobar bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus. In the case of UEA I, MPA, WGA, and HPA, staining increased with time uniformly over the luminal surface of all epithelial cells. However, in the case of PNA, GSA I-B4, and LPA, after the differentiation of ciliated and secretory cells, the apical surfaces of the ciliated cells stained more intensely than the apical surfaces of the secretory cells. Neuraminidase pretreatment enhanced PNA and GSA I-B4 staining in both cell types. In the case of PNA, these light microscopic observations were confirmed by ultrastructural study. Unlike the other lectins, the pattern of staining with DBA was unusual. Staining was moderate at first, then decreased (days 13 and 14), then increased at all airway levels. This study shows that different glycoconjugates modulate in airway epithelial cells throughout fetal development.
Anat Rec 1990 Oct
PMID:Changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining in the developing airways of Syrian golden hamsters. 170 Jun 50

A battery of fluorochrome- or peroxidase-coupled lectins, reacting with alpha- or beta-galactose (Gal), terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), or Gal-(beta 1-3)-GalNAc residues, was used to study the emergence and distribution of cellular glycoconjugates in developing and adult rat glomeruli. Neuraminidase pretreatment of the specimens was applied to monitor the maturation of the glomerular sialoglycoprotein coat. In the adult glomeruli, the lectin conjugates applied reacted sparsely or not at all, but most of them showed an increased reactivity with podocytes and/or the glomerular basement membrane after neuraminidase treatment. In the embryonic glomeruli, lectins reacting with beta-Gal residues prominently bound to the basement membranes, as revealed in double-staining with laminin antibodies. This reactivity decreased first during late postnatal development. Some terminal Gal-(beta 1-3)-GalNAc residues were noted in the earliest podocytes, but obviously soon became covered by sialylation. Furthermore, the developing podocytes prominently displayed alpha-Gal residues, as marked by Maclura pomifera (MPA) and Jacalin reactivities but not by the GSA-I conjugates. During postnatal maturation these reactivities also decreased. The GalNAc-specific Helix pomatia (HPA) and Helix aspersa (HAA) agglutinins bound to basement membranes of evolving podocytes but later revealed in the podocytes only a Golgi-like cytoplasmic reactivity. These two lectins showed a marked difference in their binding to tubular basement membranes. In lectin blotting experiments of electrophoretically separated polypeptides transferred onto nitrocellulose, the peanut agglutinin (PNA) and MPA conjugates revealed upon neuraminidase treatment a broad Mr 140,000 polypeptide, compatible with podocalyxin, both in isolated developing and adult glomeruli. The MPA conjugate revealed a similar polypeptide in developing glomeruli, even without neuraminidase treatment. Similar experiments with the HPA and HAA conjugates revealed different polypeptides in both adult and developing glomeruli. Obviously, in the rat kidney the maturation of the podocyte sialoglycoprotein coat and the glomerular basement membranes are multiphasic processes that continue even during late postnatal development.
Anat Rec 1989 Mar
PMID:Differential expression of galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine residues during fetal development and postnatal maturation of rat glomeruli as revealed with lectin conjugates. 292 82

The anionic macromolecules at the glomerular endothelial cell surface are visualized only when stained with cationic stains. We investigated the arrangement and composition of this anionic matrix at the luminal surface. Rat kidneys were perfused with anionic ferritin (pI 4.5), ferritin (pI 7.4), or cationized ferritin (CF, pI 8.3). Anionic ferritin (pI 4.5) did not bind to the capillary wall, ferritin (pI 7.4) bound discontinuously only to the laminae rarae of the basement membrane, but cationized ferritin (CF, pI 8.3) bound as a thick continuous layer to the cell plasmalemma and bound to the anionic matrix in the fenestral spaces. These observations show that an anionic matrix lines the entire capillary lumen surface, fills the fenestrae, and is interposed between the blood and the basement membrane at the fenestrae. The anionic constituents at the capillary luminal surface were identified by in vivo digestion with specific enzymes. Absence of CF binding following digestion with specific enzymes was taken to indicate the presence of the particular glycoprotein known to be susceptible to the enzyme used. Neuraminidase digestion revealed that anionic sites over the surface plasmalemma are mainly from sialoproteins. In contrast, the matrix in fenestral channels contains heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and sialoproteins. Papain digestion showed no glycolipids at the luminal surface. The functions of this continuous anionic layer located at the luminal surface of glomerular capillaries have not yet been established.
Anat Rec 1988 Mar
PMID:The anionic matrix at the rat glomerular endothelial surface. 296 99