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Query: UNIPROT:Q9UIJ5 (Rec)
 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six types of endocrine cells showing immunolabelling against gut or pancreatic islet hormones were identified in the pancreatic-bile duct system of the normal adult rat at the light and electron microscopic levels. They were located within the epithelial lining of the duct system from the intercalated portion to its duodenal opening. However, the distribution and frequency of each endocrine cell varied along the length of the duct system. While insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide cells were widely distributed along the entire duct system, small numbers of cholecystokinin and serotonin cells were confined to the terminal portion. A considerable number of somatostatin cells were concentrated in gland-like pouches of the terminal portion of the common pancreatic-bile duct. When the accessory pancreatic duct was present, insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin cells were also found in its epithelial lining. Electron microscopically, the specific content of the secretory granules of all endocrine cells was confirmed by immunolabelling or cytochemical staining. Further the characteristics of the secretory granules of each endocrine cell type corresponded to those present in the same kind of endocrine cells in gut or pancreatic islet. The duct endocrine cells displayed a particular ultrastructural appearance. The "open type cells" were highly polarized, with their apical cytoplasmic process reaching the duct lumen, whereas "closed type cells" showed long basal cytoplasmic processes with no connection with the duct lumen. In general, insulin, and somatostatin cells were of the "open type", while no morphological connection with the duct lumen was found for glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide cells. The presence of various duct endocrine cells with their particular ultrastructural appearance implies that they may take part in modulating the function of the duct system.
Anat Rec 1992 Feb
PMID:Characterization of the endocrine cells in the pancreatic-bile duct system of the rat. 134 74

The aim of this study is to describe the presence of neuroendocrine (NE) cells (paraneurons), producing biogenic amines and/or peptidergic hormones, in the female urethra of cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses, by means of histochemical and double labeling immunofluorescent techniques. 5-Hydroxy-tryptamine-, chromogranin A-, cholecystokinin- and somatostatin-containing NE cells are present in the urethral epithelium of all the species studied, with the unique exception of the lack of somatostatin cells in the horse. Paraneurons containing 5-hydroxytryptamine colocalized with chromogranin A or cholecystokinin were also found in all subjects. Such active substances are hypothesized to play a role in the contraction of the urethral musculature, emission of urogenital fluids, and inhibition of endocrine and exocrine secretions.
Anat Rec 1992 May
PMID:Immunocytochemistry of paraneurons in the female urethra of the horse, cattle, sheep, and pig. 135 70

In fasting dogs between 29 and 53 per cent (median 42 per cent) of newly produced bile was stored in the gall bladder, with the remainder being released directly into the duodenum. Pretreatment with methadone and atropine resulted in the complete closure of the sphincter of Oddi for three hours, and the complete retention of bile in the gall bladder. This effect could be abolished with nalorphine. The minimum dose of methadone to prevent bile from entering the intestines was 0.25 mg/kg, in combination with 0.1 mg/kg atropine. A meal of canned dog food resulted in the release of between 5 and 65 per cent of gall bladder bile (median 31 per cent) into the duodenum. Infusion with cholecystokinin octapeptide emptied the gall bladder more effectively and predictably and a median of 80 per cent (range 62 to 93 per cent) of the bile had been emptied into the duodenum after one hour. It was concluded that the induction of bile storage in the gall bladder with methadone and the subsequent stimulation of its release into the duodenum by the infusion of cholecystokinin produced an endogenous bile acid load that was three to four times larger than that induced by a meal after a period of fasting.
Vet Rec 1990 May 19
PMID:Post prandial and cholecystokinin-induced emptying of the gall bladder in dogs. 236 76

To confirm whether the Paneth cells of mice (ICR, male, 10-12 weeks old) have the same secretory response to hormonal and cholinergic stimulation as do pancreatic acinar cells, ultrastructural changes of Paneth cells and pancreatic acinar cells 1 hr after administration of various doses of cholecystokinin (octapeptide, CCK-8) and carbamylcholine were morphometrically assessed. After maximal (1.5 micrograms/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.]) and supramaximal (15 micrograms/kg, i.p.) stimulation by CCK-8, pancreatic acinar cells showed, respectively, degranulation or disturbance of secretion (e.g., an increase in lysosome-like bodies, aggregation of zymogen granules). The Paneth cells, however, were almost unchanged in the parameters examined. After carbamylcholine injection (1,000 micrograms/kg, subcutaneously [s.c.]), both pancreatic acinar cells and Paneth cells showed degranulation. Paneth cells sometimes developed large vacuoles, probably formed after massive exocytosis; such vacuoles were not observed in pancreatic acinar cells. It is suggested that Paneth cells and pancreatic acinar cells have different secretory responses. Paneth cell secretion, which possibly plays a role in controlling the intestinal bacterial milieu, may be stimulated by cholinergic rather than hormonal mechanisms.
Anat Rec 1989 Oct
PMID:Effects of cholecystokinin and carbamylcholine on Paneth cell secretion in mice: a comparison with pancreatic acinar cells. 281 26

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNEC) are numerous in the fetus where they have been implicated to have a role in fetal lung development. We assessed the effects of putative growth factors, gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin (GN), serotonin (5-HT), and epidermal growth factor (EGF), some of which are produced by PNEC, either alone or in combination, on cultured fetal rabbit PNEC from 20, 24, and 28 day fetuses. GRP increased the total protein of the cultures over a 7 day period in an age-dependent manner, with greatest effect in cultures from the 24 day fetus, no effect with the 28 day fetus, and an inhibitory effect on 20 day cultures. This was accompanied by an increase in PNEC, which could be blocked by treatment of the cultures with a monoclonal antibody to GRP (2A11). There was no increase in 3H-thymidine labeling of PNEC in GRP treated cultures but an increase in numbers of cells partially stained for 5-HT, suggesting the induction of a precursor cell. Other growth factors had neither an inhibitory nor a stimulatory effect either alone or in combination with GRP. Preliminary studies with 125I-GRP receptor localization suggests that the GRP receptor is mostly expressed on pulmonary fibroblasts, and less on epithelial cells, so that the role for GRP in fetal lung development, at least in the rabbit, is probably indirect, acting via a paracrine mechanism.
Anat Rec 1993 May
PMID:Paracrine effects of bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide and other growth factors on pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in vitro. 838 33

We report immunohistochemical localization of cholecystokinin (CCK)-like immunoreactivity at the light and electron microscopy (EM) level in pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) cells of human and other mammals (monkey, rabbit, rat, hamster, pig, dog and lamb). In addition, immunolocalization of CCK-like peptide was compared with that of bombesin (predominant peptide in human lung) and serotonin (an amine found in NE cells of most species). While CCK-like and serotonin-like immunoreactivity were identified in both solitary NE cells and NE cell clusters (neuroepithelial bodies, NEB) of all species studied, bombesin-like immunoreactive NE cells were found in human and monkey lungs only. The distribution and intensity of immunostaining for CCK-like peptide varied between species with some showing relatively high levels of expression (e.g., monkey, piglet, dog and lamb), others intermediate (human, rabbit) or weak immunostaining (rat, hamster). At the EM level, CCK-like immunoreactivity was localized in dense-core vesicles (DCV), the expected site of peptide storage. Using a double immunolabeling technique, CCK and serotonin were colocalized in some, but not all DCV. The potential role of CCK in the lung (or for other pulmonary peptides) may include a variety of functions such as modulation of bronchial or vascular tone, growth factor-like and/or hormonal effects.
Anat Rec 1993 May
PMID:Localization of cholecystokinin-like peptide in neuroendocrine cells of mammalian lungs: a light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study. 850 7

The presence of substance P (SP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) immunoreactive neurons was examined in the bottlenose dolphin dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord by immunohistochemical techniques. SP-positive and CCK-immunoreactive neurons were respectively approximately 50% and 1% of the total number of ganglion cells examined and especially belonged to small and medium-sized cell populations. Using double labeling techniques we observed that SP- and CCK-immunoreactivity coexisted in a very low number of primary afferent neurons (2.7%). Few SP-immunoreactive (IR) neurons (2.7%) were also CCK-positive. On the contrary, 65% of CCK-immunoreactive neurons contained SP. Interestingly, we observed CCK-immunoreactive satellite glial cells located around large cell class somata. Virtually no SP-IR and CCK-positive neurons were surrounded by peripheral CCK-immunoreactive satellite glial cells. The SP-IR and CCK-positive nerve fibers were particularly conspicuous in the superficial layers of the spinal cord. The present study indicates that SP and CCK only partially overlap in the thoracic, lumbar, and caudal DRGs of the bottlenose dolphin, suggesting that the majority of SP-IR ganglion neurons are lacking in CCK-immunoreactivity. The role of SP-containing DRG neurons is discussed also in relation to the huge vascular spinal retia mirabilia typical of cetaceans.
Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2010 Mar
PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of substance P And cholecystokinin in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). 2016 67