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The antibody responses of cattle, sheep and goats to the Brucella melitensis H38 adjuvant vaccine were monitored by serum (tube) agglutination, complement fixation and Rose Bengal plate tests. High and persisting antibody titres were induced by a single dose of this vaccine in all three species. It would be difficult to classify reactors by commonly used diagnostic tests in a control or an eradication programme using the H38 adjuvant vaccine.
Vet Rec 1983 May 14
PMID:Serological response of cattle, sheep and goats in Kenya vaccinated with killed Brucella melitensis strain H38 adjuvant vaccine. 634 60

Fifteen different Rose Bengal antigens showed large differences with respect to pH, cell concentration and agglutination with the international standard anti-Brucella abortus serum, demonstrating the lack of international standardisation. Their sensitivity and specificity, compared with that of the complement fixation test, were evaluated for the diagnosis of B melitensis infection in culture-positive sheep, brucella-free ewes, and sheep and goats belonging to field flocks under different epidemiological conditions. All the Rose Bengal antigens and the complement fixation test had 100 per cent specificity when testing brucella-free sheep or animals belonging to flocks in unvaccinated brucellosis-free areas, but there were large differences in sensitivity between the Rose Bengal antigens with sera from culture-positive sheep or from animals belonging to infected flocks. When using the most sensitive antigen, no difference was observed in Rose Bengal sensitivity between animals infected with either biovar 1 or biovar 3 of B melitensis. The relationship between the sensitivity of the Rose Bengal antigens and cell concentration was unclear, but their sensitivity was related to the standardisation of the antigens with the international standard serum. The complement fixation test was less sensitive than the Rose Bengal test when testing culture-positive sheep. When testing sera from animals belonging to infected flocks with antigens standardised according to European Union rules, no great differences were observed in the sensitivities of the two tests. However, great differences in sensitivity between the Rose Bengal antigens were observed with sera from animals belonging to flocks with low levels of prevalence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vet Rec 1994 Apr 16
PMID:Efficacy of different Rose Bengal and complement fixation antigens for the diagnosis of Brucella melitensis infection in sheep and goats. 803 72

Between 1983 and 1996 a total of 1386 samples of serum were taken from four species of seal and three species of whale in the waters west of Iceland, the area of pack-ice north-west of Jan Mayen, the northern coast of Norway and the Kola Peninsula, the waters west of Svalbard, and the Barents Sea; they were tested for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies with an indirect ELISA (protein G conjugate). The positive sera were re-tested with classical brucellosis serological tests, such as the serum agglutination test, the EDTA-modified serum agglutination test, the Rose Bengal test, and the complement fixation test, as well as an anti-complement ELISA. Anti-Brucella antibodies were detected in all the species investigated, except for the bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), with the following prevalences: hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) 35 per cent; harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) 2 per cent; ringed seals (Phoca hispida) 10 per cent; minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) 8 per cent; fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) 11 per cent; and sei whales (Balaenoptera borealis) 14 per cent. An isolate belonging to the genus Brucella was obtained from the liver and spleen of one of the seropositive minke whales. The findings suggest that antibodies against the surface lipopolysaccharide of Brucella species are widely distributed among marine mammals in the North Atlantic Ocean.
Vet Rec 1999 May 22
PMID:Evidence of Brucella infection in marine mammals in the North Atlantic Ocean. 1037 90

A cross-sectional survey of the seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep, goats and cattle in Kosovo was made in January 2001. A total of 12,000 serum samples, from 7941 cattle, 3548 sheep and 511 goats, were screened using the Rose Bengal test. Doubtful and positive results were further tested with competitive and indirect ELISAS. The overall serological prevalences derived from the samples positive to all three tests, were 6.26 per cent (95 per cent confidence intervals [CI] 5.5 to 7.1 per cent) for sheep, 7.24 per cent (5.3 to 9.8 per cent) for goats and 0.58 per cent (0.43 to 0.77 per cent) for cattle. The survey covered 26 of the 29 municipalities and showed that brucellosis was widely but unevenly distributed throughout the province. Seropositive animals were found in 25 per cent (19 to 32 per cent) of 162 villages surveyed. The risk of cattle being infected on holdings where both cattle and sheep were kept was greater, with a risk ratio of 4.6 (2.2 to 9.6), than on holdings where only cattle were kept. Brucella melitensis probably predominates as the cause of brucellosis in ruminants in the province of Kosovo.
Vet Rec 2004 Jun 12
PMID:Survey of the seroprevalence of brucellosis in ruminants in Kosovo. 1522 94