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The distributions of desmin and vimentin were examined in frozen sections of cardiac muscle from embryonic, newborn, and adult Syrian hamster by using immunofluorescent methods. Frozen sections of newborn and adult skeletal muscle were used for comparison. Cardiac myocytes from day 9 in utero embryos already show a clear association of desmin with the sarcomeric myofibrils. In newborn hearts, desmin is localized in the myofibrillar Z-line areas as well as in the peripheral cytoplasm of the cell. Three days after birth, desmin is associated with the intercalated discs. Thus, in adult cardiac muscle, desmin is present in both Z-bands and intercalated discs. Skeletal muscle of newborn and adult hamster also contains desmin associated with the Z-lines of myofibrils. Vimentin is associated with the myofibrils of day 9 in utero cardiac muscle cells. The protein remains associated with the myofibrillar Z-lines in the newborns and adults. No detectable staining for vimentin was observed in newborn or adult hamster skeletal muscle. The existence of vimentin as well as desmin in differentiated cardiac muscle may be a consequence of the somewhat more epithelial-like nature of cardiac cells as compared to skeletal muscle syncitia.
Anat Rec 1989 Apr
PMID:Immunofluorescent localization of desmin and vimentin in developing cardiac muscle of Syrian hamster. 265 8

The role of the trabecular meshwork in the ocular outflow tract has made it the object of considerable study. Recent work has examined the presence and function of microfilaments and microtubules in the cytoskeleton of cultured cynomolgus monkey trabecular cells. In this study, we used an indirect immunofluorescence technique to investigate the presence and distribution of the intermediate filament vimentin in cultured cynomolgus monkey trabecular cells. The cytoskeletal active agents cytochalasin B, colchicine, nocodozole, and taxol were also employed to investigate the role of vimentin in these cells. Vimentin formed a network of filaments that radiated throughout the cytoplasm from the nucleus to the cellular projections and cell membrane. The extensiveness of the vimentin network, and the cell shape, were observed to vary according to the degree of cell confluence, the degree of cell spread, and the degree of cell/cell contact. Cells in the less-confluent periphery had extensive vimentin networks and greater cell spreading and were polygonal in shape. Cells in the more confluent areas had a less-extensive vimentin network, underwent less cell spreading, and were primarily fusiform in shape. The change in cellular morphology induced by colchicine, nocodozole and taxol was proportional to the extensiveness and the degree of change of the vimentin network. Our observations have identified a proportional association between the extensiveness of the vimentin network, changes in the vimentin organization, and alterations in cellular morphology that is suggestive of a role for vimentin in determining cellular structure and shape.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anat Rec 1988 Dec
PMID:Presence and distribution of vimentin in cynomolgus monkey trabecular cells. 290 26

The expression of intermediate filaments (IF) and desmoplakin was investigated in frog, bovine, and human (fetal) olfactory mucosa. IF are tissue-specific molecular cytoskeletal markers; desmoplakin is the major desmosomal protein. Positive immunoreactivity was observed in the epithelium and in the subepithelial Bowman's glands to keratin and to desmoplakin, indicating the epithelial nature of this tissue. Desmin, neurofilaments, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were not detected in the mucosa. The absence of neurofilaments and GFAP in the tissue containing sensory neurons and glia-like supporting cells is a unique feature and may be related to the fact that the chemosensory neurons are situated in a bonafide epithelium and are known to undergo continuous turnover. In view of the controversy regarding the expression of vimentin in the olfactory neurons, three independently derived antibodies to vimentin were used; weak or no labeling was found in the epithelium, whereas mesenchymal cells in the lamina propia were labeled with all three antibodies. Olfactory nerve fascicles in the lamina propia were heterogenously labeled: VIM 13.2 gave very weak labeling; aVimAS showed mild labeling and SBV-21 showed intensive labeling in the nerve fascicle. This heterogenous labeling pattern may suggest that olfactory vimentin is distinct in reacting only with some of the antivimentin antibodies.
Anat Rec 1988 Jul
PMID:Expression of intermediate filaments and desmoplakin in vertebrate olfactory mucosa. 305 12

The goals of our study were to isolate smooth muscle cells from the trachealis muscle of adult dogs and to characterize the cells morphologically when they were maintained in primary culture. Enzymatic digestion of the muscle yielded 4.8 +/- 1.8 X 10(6) viable smooth muscle cells per gram of tissue. When placed in culture, these cells rapidly proliferated until confluence was reached. The proliferating cells in culture differed from the cells in the intact tissue in that they stained less intensely for smooth muscle myosin, developed immunofluorescent staining for the intermediate filament protein vimentin, and lost many of the ultrastructural properties of the intact muscle. Only within nodules of cells in the confluent cultures were these ultrastructural properties preserved. Cultures of canine tracheal fibroblasts differed from these smooth muscle cell cultures in that the fibroblasts did not stain for smooth muscle myosin and did not form nodules at confluence. We concluded that adult canine airway smooth muscle cells may be maintained in primary culture, that the confluent cultures contain nodules of cells with many morphologic characteristics of the intact muscle, and that these preparations may be distinguished from cultured canine tracheal fibroblasts on specific morphologic grounds.
Anat Rec 1987 Jul
PMID:Morphologic characterization of cultured smooth muscle cells isolated from the tracheas of adult dogs. 330 25

Immunoperoxidase methods for the demonstration of three glial antigens, vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S-100 protein, were applied to routine-fixed paraffin sections of rat pineal gland. A pre-embedding electron microscope immunoperoxidase method was also used to study the ultrastructural localization of S-100 protein in pineal cells. Light and electron microscopic results showed the presence of these antigenic glial markers in the second pineal cell type. The term glial cell is proposed for the second of parenchymatous cell in rat pineal gland.
Anat Rec 1988 Apr
PMID:Presence of glial cells in the rat pineal gland: a light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study. 338 32

We studied the cytoskeletal composition of human and rat testicular myoid cells by using immunofluorescence microscopy with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. In adult human and rat testis, the peritubular myoid cell layer was brightly positive for desmin, the muscle type of intermediate filament protein, and a faint reaction was also seen with antibodies to vimentin, the intermediate filament protein of fibroblasts and diverse other mesenchymal cells. The desmin-positive myoid cell layer could already be identified in newborn rat testis but was more compact in appearance 23 days after birth. Both squash preparations and cultured cells from adult rat seminiferous tubules revealed distinct cell populations positive for desmin. The adult myoid cells of both species also showed a strong reaction with antibodies to myosin and p230, a nonerythroid avian alpha-spectrin analogue. The immunostaining results could be confirmed by the western blotting technique: Experiments with isolated seminiferous tubules showed a specific reaction with a 55,000-dalton and a 58,000-dalton polypeptide when desmin and vimentin antibodies were used, respectively. The present results show that the peritubular myoid cells are genuine smooth muscle cells with desmin-type intermediate filament cytoskeleton and suggest that these cells can be identified by this feature before their ultrastructural maturation.
Anat Rec 1986 May
PMID:Peritubular myoid cells of human and rat testis are smooth muscle cells that contain desmin-type intermediate filaments. 351 42

A combined ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study was performed on the pineal gland of the horse in order to identify the cell types present and describe their characteristics. Comparisons have been made with other mammals. Two main cell types are present: pinealocytes and glial cells. Pinealocytes display different degrees of electron density in the nucleus and the cytoplasm, yet no ultrastructural feature supports the idea of separate populations. Putative secretory materials are stored in vesicles related to the Golgi apparatus. A variety of electron-dense bodies are present in the cytoplasm. Interstitial cells responding to anti-GFAP (glial fibrillary acid protein) and anti-vimentin antibodies, but not to anti-neuronal 200-kD protein antibodies, are located close to the perivascular spaces and connective septa. Morphological and immunocytochemical features support classifying them as astrocytes, probably protoplasmic. The presence of a cavity lined with pericytes, putatively a remnant of the embryonic lumen of the organ, is a consistent finding and may relate to the third ventricle.
Anat Rec 1986 Oct
PMID:Cell types in the pineal gland of the horse: an ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study. 377 49

The distribution of the intermediate filament protein vimentin in peripheral lymphoid tissues was determined using a monoclonal antibody. Frozen sections of tissue were stained using an avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. The antibody stained endothelial cells in spleen, lymph node, and tonsil. Unusual rod-like structures were revealed in the sinusoid-lining cells of the spleen. A variety of reticulum cells was detected, including fibroblastic reticulum cells, histiocytic reticulum cells (tingible body macrophages), and splenic marginal zone macrophages. Very few lymphocytes were immunoreactive. Only weak cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was observed in lymphocytes of the periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath of the spleen. The monoclonal antibody employed appears to be of limited usefulness in detecting normal lymphocytes, but is strongly reactive with endothelial structures and some types of reticulum cells.
Anat Rec 1985 Jan
PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of vimentin in human peripheral lymphoid tissues. 398 78

Our objective was to characterize epithelial cells, lamina propria, and sites of estrogen coupling in the caput, corpus, and cauda regions of the human epididymis using antibodies to cytokeratin types; epithelial membrane antigen; laminin; type IV collagen; vimentin; desmin-, and estradiol-receptor-related protein; and immuno-histochemical techniques. Principal cells immunostain by both AE1/AE3 antibodies (keratins 1-8, 10, 13-15, and 19) and anti-pan-keratin antibodies (keratin 5, 6, and 8). Immunoreactions to both anti-keratin antibodies increase from the caput to the cauda epididymis. The principal cells only immunostained by anti-keratin 19 antibodies in the cauda and showed no reaction to keratins 10 and 11. Basal cells and apical cells immunoreact to anti-AE1/AE3, antipankeratin, and antikeratin 19 antibodies, but not to antikeratin 10 and 11 antibodies, in all three epididymal regions. The principal cells immunoreact with epithelial membrane antigen antibodies in the stereocilia and subjacent cytoplasm. This immunostaining decreased from the caput to the cauda. Antivimentin antibodies stained the apical cytoplasm of principal cells and limited areas of both principal cells and basal cells. This immunoreaction decreased from the caput to cauda. Apical cells immunostained in the three regions. Immunoreaction to ER-D5 was moderate in the principal cells, basal cells, apical cells, and muscular coat cells in the cauda. The apical cells immunostained in the three regions. Antilaminin antibodies stained the epithelial basement membrane in the three regions. Type IV collagen was detected in the basement membrane as well as around the muscular coat cells in the three regions. Immunoreaction to desmin was intense in the muscular coat cells in the three regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anat Rec 1993 Apr
PMID:Immunohistochemistry of the human ductus epididymis. 768 39

In this paper we describe the light and electron microscopic appearance of the embryonic type of fat in human infant breast, together with immunocytochemical findings. This fat tissue was composed of numerous capillaries surrounded by a mixed population of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and preadipocytes at various stages of differentiation. The preadipocytes were characterised by a number of cytoplasmic processes, varying numbers of lipid droplets, and an envelope of electrondense material outside the cell membrane. Immunocytochemistry showed a characteristic distribution of collagen type IV adjacent to and vimentin and S100 protein within the preadipocytes. This is the first report of the ultrastructure of the human mammary embryonic type of fat. The possible role of the embryonic type of fat in the development and growth of the human breast is discussed.
Anat Rec 1995 Jan
PMID:Ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry of the embryonic type of fat identified in the human infant breast. 787 18


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