Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nitrate poisoning was induced in a cow by giving it 200 g potassium nitrate through a rumen fistula for three to four days in succession. The effect of treatment with methylene blue, ascorbic acid and menadione, administered intravenously in different dosages was assessed by measuring methaemoglobin as a percentage of total haemoglobin and comparing the results with those from the untreated cow. The results obtained indicate that ascorbic acid and menadione are unsuitable for treatment of methaemoglobinaemia in nitrate poisoned cattle, but treatment with methylene blue at 1 mg/kg body weight appears to be adequate.
Vet Rec 1983 Mar 19
PMID:Treatment of nitrate intoxication in a cow. 684 3

alpha-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476), a new potent antibacterial and antifungal imidazole derivative, was tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella reversion assay developed by Ames et al. Fenticonazole was found to be negative for strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98, TA 100 with and without microsomal activation.
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PMID:The Salmonella mutagenicity assay on fenticonazole, a new antifungal imidazole derivative. 703 10

The activity of alpha-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476) compared with those of reference drugs, was tested in vitro on various bacteria and fungi. This compound showed in vitro an excellent activity against gram-positive microorganisms. The antifungal activity spectrum is very broad: dermatophytes, yeasts and dimorphic fungi were the most susceptible organisms. Fenticonazole showed in vitro at pH range 4-5 the highest activity against yeasts. The addition of inactivated bovine serum to the culture medium led to a slight decrease in activity of all the tested substances.
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PMID:Fenticonazole, a new imidazole derivative with antibacterial and antifungal activity. In vitro study. 719 13

The antifungal activity of alpha-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476) in experimental dermatomycosis and candidiasis in guinea pigs was studied. Fenticonazole proved to be a very active drug with a healing capacity generally higher than that of the reference compounds. The adequate range of activity was from 1% to 3%, giving complete healing without relapses in 100% of cases treated. Fenticonazole is presently undergoing further experimental studies and on the basis of our results a clinical trial would therefore seem to be essential.
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PMID:Antifungal activity of fenticonazole in experimental dermatomycosis and candidiasis. 719 14

The forward mutational assay on Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the mitotic gene conversion assay on Saccharomyces cerevisiae were performed in order to verify whether alpha-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476) shows a potential mutagenicity. In both tests the drug does not seem to possess any mutagenic activity when compared with mutagenic standards.
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PMID:Mutagenicity studies on fenticonazole, a new antifungal imidazole derivative. 719 15

The acute oral and subchronic (6 weeks) topical toxicity of alpha-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476) was studied in mice, rats, guinea pigs and beagle dogs. The acute oral LD50 in mice and rats was found to be 3000 mg/kg, while the i.p. acute toxicity was 1191 mg/kg in mice and between 309 and 440 mg/kg in rats. The acute oral LD50 in beagle dogs was 1000 mg/kg. Percutaneous subchronic (6 weeks) toxicity was evaluated in guinea pigs and beagle dogs. Both species of animals exhibited no toxic effect attributable to the treatment with fenticonazole and no histopathologic changes were attributed to the drug treatment. Fenticonazole did not affect numerous pharmacological and physiological parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, nor did it interfere with the activity of histamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine). It does not possess analgesic or antiinflammatory activity at high doses (100 mg/kg p.o.). In mice it exhibits a slight CNS depressant activity, milder than that of miconazole.
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PMID:Toxicological and pharmacological properties of fenticonazole, a new topical antimycotic. 719 16

Various tests were used in order to ascertain any irritating, sensitising or toxic potential of alpha-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476) when applied to the skin or to mucous membranes in gel or cream formulation. When instilled into the conjunctival sac in rabbits fenticonazole led to a slight reddening of the mucosa in only one animal. The reddening appeared 1 h after treatment and disappeared within 24 h. Guinea pigs topically treated for 20 days with fenticonazole 2% gel or cream showed mild erythema which appeared 5 days after the beginning of the treatment and virtually disappeared at the end of the treatment. The treatment with fenticonazole 2% gel or cream did not induce sensitisation. Fenticonazole was not phototoxic or photosensitising when a 2% gel or cream formulation was applied topically to guinea pigs, at the dosage of 0.1 ml per animal.
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PMID:Irritation and toxicity studies with fenticonazole applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes. 719 17

The terminal buds of the Corydoras paleatus were observed with the electron microscope. Almost all the cells constituting the buds can be classified into two distinct cell types, supporting and receptor cells. In addition, a few cells designated as basal cells exist in the bottom of the buds and appear to be an immature form of each distinct cell type in the course of cell renewal. The receptor cells are characterized by the presence of tubules extending from the apical process. By the application of lanthanum nitrate as an extracellular marker, we demonstrated that the tubular system is in continuity with the extracellular space. The data suggest that the tubular system represents an amplification of the apical cell surface as a particular site of chemoreceptive activities, although we do not rule out a role for active absorptions of ions in a very hypotonic environment.
Anat Rec 1980 Jun
PMID:Electron microscopy of terminal buds on the barbels of the silurid fish, Corydoras paleatus. 741 14

Adult male viscachas (Lagostomus maximus maximus) were gathered from their natural habitat during the period of complete spermatogenesis (June) and during the month of maximum testicular regression (August). The testes were processed by conventional electron microscopic technique using lanthanum nitrate (electron-dense intercellular tracer) to define the intercellular spaces below the inter-Sertoli tight junctions and by freeze-fracture techniques. During complete spermatogenesis the tracer surrounds spermatogonia, preleptotene, and leptotene spermatocytes and stops at the level of the inter-Sertoli tight junctions below all germ cells displaying synaptonemal complexes (zygotene-pachytene spermatocytes) and germ cells in more advanced stages of differentiation. Conversely, during testicular regression the tracer percolates all intercellular spaces between Sertoli cells and the remaining germ cells (spermatogonia and few preleptotene and leptotene spermatocytes). During complete spermatogenesis, freeze-fracture replicas exhibit numerous inter-Sertoli tight junction strands parallel to each other and to the basal lamina. During spermatogenesis decay, the inter-Sertoli tight junctions are found to be short, tortuous, frequently interrupted, and often associated with extented membranous areas of gap junctions.
Anat Rec 1993 Jul
PMID:Seasonal changes of the blood-testis barrier in viscacha (Lagostomus maximus maximus): a freeze-fracture and lanthanum tracer study. 836 51

Morbidity due to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection occurred in 29 dairy herds in Israel during 1989 to 1995. The disease occurred sporadically in 17 of the herds with a morbidity of up to 5 per cent, and was epidemic in 12, with a morbidity of 5 to 35 per cent. Cutaneous abscesses were diagnosed in 609 animals. Young cattle appeared to be less susceptible to the disease than older cows. Beef cattle herds were not affected. The disease appeared in the cutaneous form in 92.5 per cent of cases, the cutaneous and mastitic form in 5.9 per cent and the cutaneous and visceral form in 1.6 per cent. The cutaneous form appeared as deep subcutaneous abscesses on various parts of the body, with granulating ulcers exuding pus and blood. In 10 of the herds, C pseudotuberculosis was isolated from 33 mastitic cows which also had cutaneous lesions. The visceral form of the disease was detected when severely affected animals were slaughtered. In 23 of the herds, the disease occurred during the spring and summer dry season, from March to October; the highest prevalence was in the semi-arid Negev region. In 25 herds, the infection lasted for up to five months. The skin lesions on individual cows healed on average in 23.4 days, after either local or parenteral treatment. No significant difference was observed between the effect of systemic antibiotic treatment and local antiseptic treatment. One hundred and two (16.7 per cent) severely affected animals were culled. There was a decrease in milk production and large increases in somatic cell counts in the 12 herds in which the disease was epidemic. None of the strains of isolated C pseudotuberculosis reduced nitrate.
Vet Rec 1997 Apr 19
PMID:Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in Israeli cattle: clinical and epidemiological studies. 914 62


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