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 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An experiment was designed to investigate the practical possibility of incorporating small quantities of molybdenum salts into the high copper diets of intensively fattening lambs to prevent or reduce the gradual accumulation of copper from feed. At slaughter (14 weeks of age) lambs which had received Mo supplement (7.7 ppm Mo) showed liver copper levels which were 40.1 per cent lower than those in the control group which, in turn, presented a mean liver copper concentration near the upper limit of the normal range for adult sheep. Changes in blood ceruloplasmin and SGOT levels and in the comparative rate of accumulation of liver copper indicated that the addition of ammonium molybdate to the concentrate diet might be a useful method of reducing the risk of nutritional copper poisoning in housed sheep.
Vet Rec 1976 Jul 31
PMID:The use of molybdenum for the prevention of nutritional copper poisoning in housed sheep. 98 81

Medical protocols designed to promote the dissolution of canine and feline struvite uroliths, the dissolution of canine ammonium urate and cystine uroliths and the prevention of all major types of canine and feline uroliths have been developed. However, because the causes of different types of uroliths vary, the medical protocols for their dissolution and prevention also vary. When the diagnosis of the underlying causes of uroliths becomes the rule rather than the exception, therapeutic failures should become the exception rather than the rule.
Vet Rec 1990 Oct 13
PMID:Medical dissolution and prevention of canine and feline uroliths: diagnostic and therapeutic caveats. 226 Feb 50

Effective control of copper poisoning in sheep was obtained by the subcutaneous injection of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate. Three doses, each of 3.4 mg/kg bodyweight, were given on alternate days. This treatment caused a substantial reduction in liver copper content and in liver damage. It also decreased the mortality rate in animals that had developed the haemolytic crisis. The subcutaneous route is as effective as the intravenous route and is more convenient. No adverse side-effects of the treatment were observed.
Vet Rec 1988 Jul 09
PMID:A convenient method for the treatment of chronic copper poisoning in sheep using subcutaneous ammonium tetrathiomolybdate. 341 42

Potential measures for reducing the survival of campylobacters during commercial scalding of poultry have been evaluated in a series of laboratory trials. At 50 degrees C, the lower temperature limit of commercial scalding, raising the pH of a buffered heating medium from 6.0 to 9.0 markedly increased the heat sensitivity of Campylobacter jejuni but the effect was largely nullified in the presence of 1 per cent 'organic material' (50:50 horse blood and milk). Either in the presence or absence of organic material a more rapid rate of kill was observed at 60 degrees C and it was again enhanced by raising the pH to 9.0. Use of a mild detergent at a concentration of 1000 ppm had little effect on the survival of C jejuni at 50 degrees C, but the addition of a cationic quaternary ammonium product at 50 to 100 ppm was highly effective in enhancing the rate of kill, even in the presence of organic material. It is suggested that such products should be evaluated in commercial scalding systems as a possible means of preventing the spread of campylobacters and other organisms of significance to public health.
Vet Rec 1987 Sep 05
PMID:Factors affecting the survival of Campylobacter jejuni in relation to immersion scalding of poultry. 367 30

Eighteen male cats were fed either a canned complete diet or a commercially available dry pelleted diet or the same dry diet containing 1.6 per cent ammonium chloride. The daily food and water intake of four of these cats was measured. Urine samples were taken at random and the pH and the presence of struvite crystals in their sediment estimated. In some samples in which the pH was less than 7.0, and struvite crystals were absent, the pH was increased to 7.0 and any sediment was examined for struvite. No spontaneous struvite was seen in urine samples (pH 5.8) from cats fed the canned complete diet but when its pH was raised to 7.0, 46 per cent of these samples showed struvite. Cats fed the dry pelleted diet had urine of higher pH (7.55) and 78 per cent of the samples contained struvite crystals. Cats fed this diet supplemented with ammonium chloride had a urine pH of 5.97 and only 9 per cent contained struvite crystals but when the pH was adjusted to 7.0 all the samples showed struvite crystals. Energy intake was similar on all three diets but the intake of dry matter was greater on the dry diets. Liquid water intake was greater on the dry diets but total water intake was greatest on the canned complete diet. The intake of magnesium, calcium and phosphate was greater on the dry diets. It is concluded that urine pH is a more important controller of struvite precipitation than mineral intake.
Vet Rec 1987 Sep 05
PMID:Feline struvite urolithiasis: factors affecting urine pH may be more important than magnesium levels in food. 367 31

In three separate experiments nine male cats were fed either a canned complete diet or a commercially available dry pelleted diet or the same dry diet containing 1.6 per cent ammonium chloride for seven days and then fasted for 20 hours. Then ad libitum feeding was continued and urine samples were taken at four-hour intervals for 12 hours and a final sample 12 hours later. Urine pH and the presence of struvite crystals in urine sediment were evaluated. The food and water intake of four of the nine cats was measured at the time of urine collection. After the fast, urine pH was raised, even after feeding the dry diet supplemented with ammonium chloride. A post prandial rise in urine pH was also seen on all three diets. After feeding the dry diet the postprandial peak pH was 7.97 and struvite occurred spontaneously. Urine pH after feeding the dry diet supplemented with ammonium chloride peaked at 7.75 then fell to 6.1 12 hours after the start of feeding. Struvite occurred spontaneously at all times until the pH reached 6.1 but when the pH of urine was raised to 7.0 the struvite crystallised. Urine pH on the canned complete diet peaked at 6.8 then fell to 5.8; struvite did not occur spontaneously but when urine pH was raised to 7.0 struvite crystallised except at the eighth and 12th hour sampling. These data show that fasting initiates a post prandial rise in urine pH and struvite crystalluria even when a normally effective urinary acidifier is used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vet Rec 1987 Sep 12
PMID:Feline struvite urolithiasis: fasting reduced the effectiveness of a urinary acidifier (ammonium chloride) and increased the intake of a low magnesium diet. 368 83

Intravenous administration of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (three doses on alternate days) appeared to be an effective means of containing the acute phase of copper toxicity in sheep, whether this arose from continuous ingestion of high copper feeds or by injudicious use of copper preparations for the control of copper deficiency. No adverse effects were recorded on lamb numbers, birth weight or survival of lambs born to ewes of normal to low copper status when the treatment was applied at sensitive periods of the reproductive cycle. Decreases in 'available' plasma copper and in liver damage occurred rapidly in response to intravenous tetrathiomolybdate and it is suggested that all animals at risk be treated.
Vet Rec 1986 Dec 13
PMID:Use of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate in the treatment of copper poisoning in sheep. 381 Nov 76

A new light microscopic staining technique allows the visualization of satellite cells on the surface of myofibers. Either prior to or during fixation, whole frog sartorius muscles are bathed in an acidic buffered solution containing lead nitrate and subsequently exposed to ammonium sulfide. The staining of the satellite cells resulting from this procedure reveals their positions, and the outlines of their cell processes which occasionally branch. Electron microscopy shows that the staining is due to lead deposits localized between apposing membranes of satellite cells and associated myofibers. Prior exposure to N-ethyl-maleimide (NEM) does not alter the formation of the lead deposits on the satellite cell, but reduces the amount of Pb deposits on the muscle surface and connective tissue. This technique has been applied to determine the effects of denervation on the satellite cells of frog sartorius muscles. Four weeks after denervation, the number of satellite cells is essentially the same in both denervated muscles and the intact muscles of the contralateral side. However, denervation results in a subpopulation of satellite cells with altered shapes. They have elongated cytoplasmic processes which often branch. It is suggested that these supernumerary cytoplasmic processes represent an intermediate phase in the transition of satellite cells to myoblasts.
Anat Rec 1980
PMID:The visualization of myosatellite cells in normal and denervated muscle: a new light microscopic staining technique. 615 10

Sciatic nerves from young mice were incubated for 2-8 hours in 0.5% Triton X-100 in 0.5 M ammonium acetate, a solution which solubilizes the large and small basic proteins of the myelin sheath. As previously noted (Peterson and Gruener, 1978), myelin sheaths from treated nerves extensively split and unravelled along major dense lines. Small focal areas of compact myelin remained. In freeze-fracture replicas, areas of myelin with lamellar splitting contained few intramembranous particles, while membrane areas with greater than normal densities of particles were associated with the patches of compact myelin membrane. Fixation for as short a time as 15 minutes stabilized the myelin membrane enough to prevent the Triton X-100 effects, even when incubations were extended to 20 hours. Controls, both untreated and 0.5 M ammonium acetate-treated nerves, had predominantly compact myelin sheaths; their leaflets were covered with numerous intramembranous particles. The data suggest that Triton X-100 alters the compact structure of peripheral nervous system myelin. In areas where lamellae are split and separated, there is a loss of intramembranous particles. It appears that the loss of intramembranous particles is related to the removal of the basic proteins which are located in major dense line regions of compact myelin sheaths.
Anat Rec 1983 Dec
PMID:Electron microscopic study of intramembranous changes in protein-extracted peripheral nervous system myelin. 667 Jul 54

We carried out rec assays on 127 metal compounds with Bacillus subtilis to check their DNA-damaging capacity and mutagenicity. Certain compounds of beryllium, cobalt, cesium, iridium, osmium, platinum, rhodium, antimony, tellurium, thallium and vanadium were newly found to be positive in addition to those of known positive metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, molybdenum and selenium. Reverse mutation assays with Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains showed that compounds of rhodium (RhCl3), tellurium (Na2H4TeO6, Na2TeO3) and platinum (PtCl4, (NH4)2PtCl6) are potent mutagens.
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PMID:Rec assay and mutagenicity studies on metal compounds. 676 36


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