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An acute respiratory distress syndrome in 10 adult dogs was usually preceded by vomiting, anorexia and lethargy followed, after a short interval, by dyspnoea. The dyspnoea became increasingly severe, despite oxygen therapy, and cyanotic respiratory failure ensued. All 10 dogs died or were killed after illnesses lasting between one and eight days. Necropsies revealed pulmonary congestion, oedema, collapse and haemorrhage with loss of alveolar epithelial cells. Early alveolar fibrosis was also found. Paraquat was identified in post mortem samples from four of the 10 dogs.
Vet Rec 1977 Apr 02
PMID:Acute respiratory distress in the dog associated with paraquat poisoning. 86 Mar 82

A combination of xylazine and ketamine was used to produce anaesthesia in 100 cats. No deaths occurred. Vomiting was produced by the xylazine in 36 cats. Anaesthesia required supplementation after 30 minutes in 24 of the animals.
Vet Rec 1977 Aug 06
PMID:Clinical observations on xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia in the cat. 90 32

The historical and clinical features and the haematological and biochemical changes in 126 cats with hyperthyroidism are described; 125 of the cats were domestic short- or longhaired, and one was a chinchilla. There were 62 males and 64 females with a mean age of 13.0 years. The duration of signs ranged from two days to two years with a mean of 5.4 months. The historical and clinical features were weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria/polydipsia, tachycardia, hyperactivity, diarrhoea, respiratory abnormalities, other cardiac abnormalities, skin lesions, vomiting, moderately raised temperature, decreased activity, decreased appetite, congestive cardiac failure, haematuria and intermittently decreased appetite. Goitre was palpable in 123 cats. The serum total thyroxine concentrations of the cats were more than three standard deviations above the mean of the reference range. Serum total tri-iodothyronine concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 14.96 nmol/litre and were within the reference range in 11 of the cats. Mild hyperthyroidism was a much commoner cause of high normal or marginally above normal thyroid hormone concentrations than severe, concurrent, non-thyroidal illness. Other common biochemical changes were increased of serum alanine aminotransferase, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. There were minimal changes in the red cell parameters. Leucocyte changes showed two trends: a mature neutrophilia, either with or without an accompanying leucocytosis often in association with a lymphopenia, or an eosinophilia, either with or without a lymphocytosis.
Vet Rec 1992 Sep 19
PMID:Historical, clinical and laboratory features of 126 hyperthyroid cats. 141 11

Megabacteriosis is a common cause of illness and death in exhibition budgerigars. The clinical signs are variable but include weight loss, difficulty in swallowing, vomiting, diarrhoea and sudden death due to haemorrhage. Significant lesions are confined to the proventriculus which becomes inflamed, dilated and ulcerated, and loses its normal architecture, and to the gizzard in which there are degenerative changes in the koilin layer.
Vet Rec 1992 Jul 04
PMID:Megabacteriosis in exhibition budgerigars. 850 4

Increases in serum unconjugated bile acid concentrations have recently been shown to be diagnostic for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in man. Similar increases in serum unconjugated bile acids were detected in three of nine cats with chronic diarrhoea and vomiting.
Vet Rec 1992 Feb 08
PMID:A preliminary assessment of post prandial unconjugated bile acids in serum of cats with chronic diarrhoea and vomiting. 156 44

The gross and histological lesions of a protozoan infection, possibly caused by Leucocytozoon, in parakeets (genera Neophema and Cyanoramphus), budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) and a wild buzzard (Buteo buteo) are described. The infection appears not to have been identified before in budgerigars in Great Britain, and in its chronic form resulted in vomiting and wasting. The possible identity of the parasite and the epidemiological factors are considered.
Vet Rec 1991 Jul 13
PMID:Leucocytozoon-like infection in parakeets, budgerigars and a common buzzard. 192 86

Faecal samples from 54 dogs with diarrhoea and 54 control dogs were cultured for Campylobacter, Salmonella and Yersinia species and controlled for enteric viruses. The campylobacter were identified as either C jejuni/coli or C upsaliensis. In the diarrhoeic group 16 dogs (29.6 per cent) were positive for campylobacter, 10 C upsaliensis and six C jejuni/coli. Concomitant infection with parvovirus was evident in six of the dogs with diarrhoea and campylobacter-positive faecal cultures. In the control group 13 dogs (24.1 per cent) were positive for campylobacter; three of the isolates were C upsaliensis and six C jejuni/coli. Four isolates could not be identified. The most prominent clinical findings in naturally occurring cases were an acute onset of vomiting (12 of 16), diarrhoea (16 of 16) which was often haemorrhagic (nine of 16) and a raised rectal temperature. Dogs were infected experimentally with both C jejuni (three dogs) and C upsaliensis (three dogs). The challenge strains could be identified in faecal samples from all the dogs, but clinical signs of diarrhoea were seen in only one dog infected with C jejuni. Soft faeces was passed by one dog infected with C upsaliensis. It is concluded that C jejuni/coli or C upsaliensis are either primary pathogens or, after predisposing factors such as virus infections, act as secondary pathogens. It also seems probable that Campylobacter species are present in the intestinal flora of the normal dog.
Vet Rec 1987 Aug 01
PMID:Campylobacter in the dog: a clinical and experimental study. 282 68

Over a five year period 31 dogs were diagnosed as having advanced gastric carcinoma. The most frequent clinical features were vomiting, polydipsia and weight loss. A predisposition to the tumour was found in the rough collie and Staffordshire bull terrier. In 18 dogs the main finding endoscopically was a large deep ulcer with thickened, irregular rims and walls. Fluoroscopically a marked irregularity of the mucosal surface was noted in 10 dogs. Pathologically, large ulcers with thickening of the stomach wall and involvement of the serosal lymphatics were evident in 17 dogs, and similar ulcers with involvement of the gastric lymph nodes were evident in 18 dogs.
Vet Rec 1987 Jan 24
PMID:A study of 31 cases of gastric carcinoma in dogs. 302 39

One hundred and forty-two dogs with single or multiple pseudopregnancies were treated with bromocriptin at three different dose rates and once in combination with mobilerone. The treatments that scored best were 30 micrograms/kg bromocriptin for 16 days and 10 micrograms/kg bromocriptin for 10 days. Vomiting was a frequent side effect (about 20 per cent of cases) and was treated successfully with metoclopramide at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg. Metoclopramide had no effect on the effectiveness of the bromocriptin.
Vet Rec 1986 Aug 23
PMID:Treatment of pseudopregnancy with bromocriptin, an ergot alkaloid. 353 32

Vomiting and retching are common signs of ill health in budgerigars and the usual cause is trichomoniasis of the oesophagus and, or, crop. Clinical, pathological and treatment features are described.
Vet Rec 1986 Apr 19
PMID:Trichomoniasis, a major cause of vomiting in budgerigars. 371 6


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