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 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-five dogs with non-seasonal atopic dermatitis were used in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of the effects of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil. There was a significant treatment effect (P less than 0.05) on erythema. An analysis of the changes in plasma phospholipid levels of essential fatty acids revealed a significant (P less than 0.05) rise in linoleic acid concentration above that in the placebo group. Arachidonic acid levels in the treated group increased significantly (P less than 0.005) in the first phase and also in the second phase (P less than 0.05). In the second phase the levels of arachidonic acid in the active and placebo groups differed significantly (P less than 0.05) and there was a significant treatment effect (P less than 0.05).
Vet Rec 1992 Aug 01
PMID:Double blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of evening primrose oil in the treatment of canine atopy. 152 1

Twenty-five of 72 calves sired by a Simmental bull were affected with a congenital skin disease which appeared to be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The affected calves showed hypotrichosis, erythema and breaks in the integrity of the skin. The distribution of the lesions and the ease with which excoriations occurred suggested an abnormal vulnerability to trauma. Mortality was high but in affected survivors the clinical signs moderated with age. Histopathologically, dermoepidermal separation and cytolysis of the germinal cell layer of the epidermis were seen. The name bovine epidermolysis is proposed and a relationship with epidermolysis bullosa simplex of man is suggested.
Vet Rec 1987 Jul 04
PMID:A congenital bovine epidermolysis resembling epidermolysis bullosa simplex of man. 260 42

Various tests were used in order to ascertain any irritating, sensitising or toxic potential of alpha-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-beta,N-imidazolylethyl 4-phenylthiobenzyl ether nitrate (fenticonazole, Rec 15/1476) when applied to the skin or to mucous membranes in gel or cream formulation. When instilled into the conjunctival sac in rabbits fenticonazole led to a slight reddening of the mucosa in only one animal. The reddening appeared 1 h after treatment and disappeared within 24 h. Guinea pigs topically treated for 20 days with fenticonazole 2% gel or cream showed mild erythema which appeared 5 days after the beginning of the treatment and virtually disappeared at the end of the treatment. The treatment with fenticonazole 2% gel or cream did not induce sensitisation. Fenticonazole was not phototoxic or photosensitising when a 2% gel or cream formulation was applied topically to guinea pigs, at the dosage of 0.1 ml per animal.
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PMID:Irritation and toxicity studies with fenticonazole applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes. 719 17

This paper describes the clinical and histopathological features of an outbreak of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in a flock of Berrichon du Cher sheep in south-western Spain. The outbreak was unusual because of the high prevalence recorded (15 to 18 per cent over the last two years) and because the majority of the lesions involved the eyelids. Adult and old sheep were the most commonly affected, and the largest numbers of cases were recorded in summer and autumn. The initial lesions were non-specific and consisted of erythema, hyperkeratosis, actinic keratosis, periocular dermatitis and conjunctivitis. The tumours grew slowly but progressively over a period of one to two years, with frequent complications by bacterial infections or secondary myiasis. Histopathological examination of the tumours revealed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, surrounded by a moderate to abundant infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. The overlying epidermis was frequently ulcerated and inflamed. The possible relationships between the high prevalence of the condition and the poorly pigmented skin of this breed, the extensive farming system employed and the exposure of the animals to ultraviolet radiation were analysed.
Vet Rec 1997 Dec 06
PMID:Clinicopathological study of an outbreak of squamous cell carcinoma in sheep. 942 76

Twenty-one dogs with atopy were entered into a blinded, placebo-controlled study lasting eight weeks. They were randomly divided into three groups and were all given supplementary oils orally once daily. The dogs in groups A and B were given borage seed oil and fish oil in combination (Viacutan; Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica) to provide 176 mg/kg or 88 mg/kg borage seed oil respectively. The dogs in group C were given 204 mg/kg olive oil as a placebo. They were all re-examined after four and eight weeks and scored for pruritus, erythema, oedema, alopecia and self-excoriation. After eight weeks the scores for erythema and self-excoriation, and the total score for the dogs in group A, and the total score for the dogs in group B were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The dogs in group C showed no significant improvement.
Vet Rec 1999 Apr 10
PMID:A blinded, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of borage seed oil and fish oil in the management of canine atopy. 1033 Dec 27

Eighty-nine cats and 38 dogs naturally infested with the ear mite Otodectes cynotis were randomly allocated into two treatment groups. One group was treated with a product containing miconazole nitrate, polymyxin B sulphate and prednisolone acetate, the other with a combination of diethanolamine fusidate, framycetin sulphate, nystatin and prednisolone. The treatment (five drops in each ear) was applied twice daily for 14 days, and its efficacy was evaluated on days 7, 14 and 21 on the basis of an otoscopic examination of the external ear canal, a microscopical examination of scrapings for the presence of ear mites and clinical signs of pruritus, pain, erythema and/or exudate. Both treatments were highly effective, and there were no significant differences between the two products, either in efficacy or in the clinical improvements observed. Apart from an allergic reaction in one cat treated with the second product, no adverse effects were observed.
Vet Rec 2000 Nov 11
PMID:Efficacy of non-acaricidal containing otic preparations in the treatment of otoacariasis in dogs and cats. 1110 40

The use of low-frequency ultrasound has been proposed to enhance the transdermal transport of various drugs, a technique referred to as sonophoresis. The aim of the present study was to determine the safety of low-frequency sonophoresis on human and rat skin by evaluating their structural modifications after ultrasound exposure. Human skin samples and hairless rats were exposed to 20 kHz ultrasound in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Ultrasound was used with average intensities ranging from 0.25 to 7 W/cm(2) in pulsed or continuous mode. Hairless rats were also exposed to a heat source mimicking the temperature versus time profile during sonication. Skin samples were observed under optical and electron microscopy to detect any structural changes. Human skin samples exposed to intensities lower than 2.5 W/cm(2) showed no modification. For hairless rats, slight and transient erythema was observed after 2.5 W/cm(2) exposure, whereas deep lesions (dermal and muscle necrosis) were observed 24 hr later. These lesions were also observed when a plastic film was placed between the coupling medium and the animals' skin during sonication. In contrast, no histologic lesion could be seen when a heat source was applied to animal skin. Low-frequency ultrasound induces delayed and deep lesions in hairless rat skin at 2.5 W/cm(2) which are not only attributable to the increase in temperature at the skin surface during ultrasound exposure. By using the same ultrasound conditions, human skin seems to be less sensitive in vitro.
Anat Rec 2001 09 01
PMID:Clinical, histologic, and electron microscopy study of skin exposed to low-frequency ultrasound. 1150 77

Thirty hamsters diagnosed with a Notoedres infestation on the basis of their clinical signs and skin scrapings were allocated to three matched groups. The hamsters in group 1 received ivermectin at 400 microg/kg subcutaneously once a week for eight weeks, those in group 2 were treated with moxidectin at 400 microg/kg orally once a week, and those in group 3 were treated with moxidectin at the same dosage, but twice a week. The hamsters' skin lesions were scored weekly on the basis of the severity of crusting, erythema, scaling and excoriations at various sites. In all three groups the lesion scores were significantly lower after four and eight weeks, and there was no significant difference between the efficacy of the treatments. However, at the end of the treatment, skin scrapings were negative in only 60 to 70 per cent of the animals in each group.
Vet Rec 2001 Sep 15
PMID:Comparison of subcutaneous ivermectin and oral moxidectin for the treatment of notoedric acariasis in hamsters. 1158 27

Twenty dogs with otitis externa in both ears and numerous Malassezia species yeasts on cytological examination were treated in one ear with a combination product containing clotrimazole, marbofloxacin and dexamethasone, and in the other ear with a topical antifungal containing miconazole. The effects of the treatments were analysed on the basis of the scores for pruritus, erythema and amount of cerumen, and the number of yeasts on cytological smears. There were reductions in the counts of Malassezia species after both treatments, but the combination product gave significantly greater reductions in erythema, cerumen and pruritus.
Vet Rec 2006 Feb 11
PMID:Comparison of an antifungal agent with a mixture of antifungal, antibiotic and corticosteroid agents for the treatment of Malassezia species otitis in dogs. 1647 52

Eight dogs with cutaneous lesions, clinical signs and cytological findings compatible with bacterial overgrowth syndrome were compared with four healthy dogs. The affected dogs were treated for 28 days with 30 mg/kg/day cephalexin. The results showed that the syndrome was a superficial cutaneous disorder characterised by marked pruritus, greasy seborrhoea, offensive odour, erythema, lichenification, hyperpigmentation, excoriations and alopecia involving principally the ventral aspect of the body, but no papules, pustules, epidermal collarettes or crusts; it was caused by overgrowths of Staphylococcus intermedius all over the body surface. Histopathological findings included a superficial, perivascular, hyperplastic and spongiotic dermatitis with a mixed inflammatory infiltrate, but no lesions suggestive of a true pyoderma. In the affected dogs, anti-staphylococcal immunoglobulin G levels were high, but anti-staphylococcal immunoglobulin E levels were low, suggesting that staphylococcal hypersensitivity is not the underlying pathogenic process. The antibiotic treatment improved the condition of all the dogs, but five of the eight had an underlying allergic skin disease.
Vet Rec 2006 Apr 01
PMID:Prospective study of bacterial overgrowth syndrome in eight dogs. 1658 94


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