Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten heat-labile (LT) and 23 heat-stable (ST) enterotoxin-producing strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and 100 non-enterotoxigenic E coli (non-ETEC) strains isolated from pigs with diarrhoea were examined for the presence of colonisation factors by means of mannose-resistant haemagglutination and serological tests. Seven of 10 LT strains, one of 23 ST and 18 of 100 non-ETEC carried K88 antigen; and four ST and four non-ETEC strains possessed CFA/I antigen. All strains carrying K88, K99 and CFA/I antigens were positive in the mannose-resistant microhaemagglutination (MRMH) test but four ST and 14 non-ETEC isolates positive in the MRMH test did not possess K88, K99 or CFA/I antigens. A considerable number of non-ETEC strains were positive in the MRMH test but lacked K88 and K99 antigens, suggesting that other unknown haemagglutinating colonisation factors may exist in porcine E coli strains.
Vet Rec 1981 Sep 26
PMID:Mannose-resistant haemagglutination and colonisation factors among Escherichia coli strains isolated from pigs. 703 77

A three-month-old Burmese kitten with diarrhoea developed a double intussusception, with invagination of jejunoileal intussusception into the colon. During surgical repair, about 20 cm of terminal jejunum and ileum were resected and an anastomosis performed 2 cm proximal to the ileocolic valve. A jejunoileocolic intussusception developed three days later and was reduced manually at laparatomy. The cat has grown normally since than and at one year old shows no signs of intestinal dysfunction.
Vet Rec 1982 Apr 03
PMID:Double intussusception followed by reintussusception in a kitten. 708 Apr 21

The case history of a six-year-old female chow chow with intractable diarrhoea is described. The clinical history and symptoms, together with the methods of diagnosis, indicated that the cause was bacterial overgrowth of the intestine leading to a malabsorption syndrome. The method of treatment and the response is also recorded.
Vet Rec 1982 Apr 03
PMID:Bacterial overgrowth causing intestinal malabsorption in a dog. 708 Apr 23

The clinical efficacy of tiamulin given in the drinking water at levels of 0.0045 per cent for five days and 0.006 per cent for three days was evaluated for the treatment of swine dysentery in six clinical studies and compared with positive controls using tylosin at 0.02 per cent in the drinking water for five days and untreated controls. Efficacy was evaluated by assessment of the pigs' general appearance; the extent of diarrhoea and dehydration; performance, as measured by average daily gains and feed conversion efficiency; the presence or absence of Treponema hyodysenteriae in the faeces and mortality. As a result of statistical analysis of these parameters tiamulin medication was found to be an efficacious therapeutic regimen for naturally occurring swine dysentery when given at either level in the drinking water.
Vet Rec 1982 Apr 24
PMID:Tiamulin water medication in the treatment of swine dysentery under farm conditions. 709 Jan 52

A severe outbreak of Trichuris suis infection in piglets is described. Fifteen per cent of the animals died and the morbidity, characterised by weight loss and diarrhoea, was over 50 per cent. The severity of symptoms observed in naturally infected pigs was related to the number of whipworms. A chemotherapeutic trial was worked out with flubendazole mixed in food for naturally infected and artificially infected piglets. Flubendazole at 30 ppm for five consecutive days controlled the infection in the pigs. Immature T suis in artificially infected pigs were also controlled at the same dose administered for 10 consecutive days.
Vet Rec 1982 May 29
PMID:Treatment of Trichuris suis infections in pigs with flubendazole. 710 14

Pure cultures of an isolate of Campylobacter coli obtained from small intestinal lesions in a seven-day-old piglet were used to inoculate hysterectomy derived, colostrum deprived piglets, conventional sucking piglets and conventional weaned pigs in three separate controlled experiments. Rectal temperatures rose to 40 degrees C in inoculated hysterectomy derived, colostrum deprived pigs within four days of infection and a mucoid yellowish diarrhoea containing occasional flecks of blood developed. C coli was isolated only from the faeces of the infected pigs and from all levels of their intestines at post mortem examination 12 days after inoculation. The small intestine was flaccid, pale and thickened in all cases, the contents were mucoid, the mucosa was hyperaemic and the mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged. Mild villous atrophy and inflammatory changes were seen in the small intestines of the inoculated pigs. Mild colitis was present in both inoculated animals and controls. Agglutinating antibody to the inocular strain of C coli was present only in sera from the inoculated pigs at titres of up to 1:640. Similar changes were seen in conventional sucking piglets but in the weaned pigs no definite clinical signs were observed although the pathological changes were present. Both C coli and other enteric pathogens were present in the herd of origin of the conventional pigs.
Vet Rec 1982 Sep 04
PMID:Production of enteritis in pigs by the oral inoculation of pure cultures of Campylobacter coli. 713 71

Details of cases involving the inadvertent exposure of birds to eight toxic substances are recorded. The organophosphate insecticides dichlorvos, diazinon and malathion produced respiratory symptoms which in the former and latter cases were initially thought to be caused by infectious disease. Birds which consumed feed containing fenitrothion showed nervous signs before death. On three separate occasions feral starlings (Sternus vulgaris) were found dead and their gizzard contents contained mevinphos. The rodenticide warfarin was associated with petechial haemorrhages in the skeletal muscles and on the serosal surfaces of one hen. Cyanogenic glycosides from Eucalyptus cladocalyx were responsible for the sudden deaths of ducks and guinea fowl. 'Ornamental dough' containing sodium chloride was fed to birds which were deprived of water and they showed diarrhoea and nervous disorders before death.
Vet Rec 1982 Nov 13
PMID:Observations on the accidental poisoning of birds by organophosphate insecticides and other toxic substances. 717 89

Indole and 3-methylindole (3MI) are ruminal metabolites of L-tryptophan (TRP) and have similar physical and chemical properties. 3-Methylindole causes acute bovine pulmonary emphysema (ABPE). The effects of indole when administered orally to cows were determined. Four mature Holstein cows were given increasing doses of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 g indole per kg body-weight orally at two-week intervals. The animals were killed one week after the last dose. Plasma indole concentrations peaked three house after administration at 4.5, 8.8 and 19.8 microgram per ml after the 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 doses, respectively. Detectable concentrations of indole (more than 0.02 microgram per ml) persisted in the plasma from three to 25 hours after dosing. Packed cell volume was decreased (P less than 0.01) at 48 and 72 hours after the 0.2 g per kg dose and at 72 hours after the 0.1 g per kg dose. Plasma haemoglobin was increased (P less than 0.05) at 48 hours after the 0.2 and 0.1 g per kg doses. By 72 hours after the 0.2 g per kg dose, all cows had mild diarrhoea and haemolysis and two of the cows had haemoglobinuria. At necropsy, microscopic lesions of haemoglobinuric nephrosis were seen in all four cows. No lesions of ABPE were found in any of the animals.
Vet Rec 1980 Oct 11
PMID:Indole toxicity in cattle. 721 Apr 36

A four year study of bovine neonatal mortality on 34 dairy farms and an agricultural institute's calf unit showed that 280 (3.2 per cent) of 8752 calves died mainly from diarrhoea and, or , septicaemia. The relationship between management methods and mortality rates were studied at the calf unit. When infection rates were kept low by good standards of hygiene and an adequate quantity of colostrum was fed immediately post partum, morbidity and mortality rates were 8.3 per cent and 1.2 per cent respectively, compared with 36 per cent and 4.1 per cent when hygiene was poor and colostrum was withheld until six hours post partum. Ninety-five sick calves were given either glucose-glycine electrolyte solution orally (41 calves) or the electrolyte solution in combination with an antibacterial agent (54 calves) to compare the efficacy of these treatments. Recovery rates, duration of illness and live-weight gains showed no significant difference between the treatments. Mean serum immunoglobulin levels (zinc sulphate turbidity test) of calves at 30 hours old were poor indicators of the future health status of any individual calf. Results indicated that good management with emphasis on hygiene and early feeding of colostrum reduced losses due to neonatal diarrhoea and septicaemia from 4 per cent to 1.2 per cent.
Vet Rec 1981 May 23
PMID:Control of bovine neonatal diarrhoea by management techniques. 729 17

Pure cultures of an isolate of Campylobacter fecalis obtained from an abomasal lesion in an 18-month-old heifer were used to infect calves in two experiments. Three milk fed calves were infected in experiment 1 and the clinical features noted included mild changes in faecal consistency. In experiment 2, three ruminating calves were infected and blood and mucus were seen in the faeces but faecal consistency remained firm or soft and no diarrhoea was noted. Rectal temperatures in the infected animals were not consistently elevated and C fecalis was isolated from the faeces of all infected animals in the two experiments but not from those of the five control animals. Mild abomasitis and ileitis were noted in all six infected animals. The mesenteric lymph nodes were pale and enlarged. C fecalis was recovered from the ileum, caecum, colon and gall bladder of all infected animals, from the abomasum and jejunum in most and from the livers of three animals. It was never recovered from any of the control animals. The findings are considered to indicate that C fecalis is a primary pathogen of cattle.
Vet Rec 1981 Aug 01
PMID:Production of enteritis in calves by the oral inoculation of pure cultures of Campylobacter fecalis. 729 49


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