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Three domestic short-haired cats with a history of anorexia and loss of body condition had high rectal temperatures, and a normocytic, normochromic anaemia. Two of them were also dyspnoeic, and thoracic radiographs revealed a diffuse, unstructured increase in radio-opacity involving all the lung lobes. Examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears and culture of blood monocytes revealed purplish-staining intracytoplasmic inclusions, in monocytes and lymphocytes, which occurred either singly or in aggregates. Electron micrographs of a buffy coat smear from one of the cats revealed round intracytoplasmic inclusions, with electron dense and lucid areas morphometrically similar to those found in other members of the genus Ehrlichia. An attempt to culture chlamydia from one of the cats was unsuccessful. The cats were treated successfully, one with tetracycline hydrochloride and the other two with imidocarb dipropionate.
Vet Rec 1989 Oct 21
PMID:Feline anaemia associated with Ehrlichia-like bodies in three domestic short-haired cats. 258 53

Serum samples from pig herds in Great Britain have been examined for antibodies to influenza virus since 1968. Antibodies to H3N2 virus strains have been found since 1968 and the serological data presented here suggests that H3N2 virus strains continue to persist in the pig population. An outbreak of acute respiratory disease occurred in a 400-sow unit. The outbreak was characterised by coughing, anorexia, fever, inappetence and loss of condition. The gilts and weaners were affected and the morbidity approached 100 per cent. An influenza A virus designated A/Swine/Weybridge/117316/86 (H1N1) was isolated from the herd and 28 paired serum samples from the affected animals showed increases in the haemagglutination inhibition titres to this isolate. Haemagglutinin and neuraminidase characterisation indicated that the virus is similar to H1N1 viruses isolated recently from pigs in Europe. A total of 91 herds experiencing respiratory disease were investigated, of which 42 gave positive reactions in the haemagglutination inhibition test. Antibodies to A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2) were also detected in some of the herds but it is not known whether this strain plays any role in the current respiratory disease problems in pigs.
Vet Rec 1987 Jul 18
PMID:Outbreaks of classical swine influenza in pigs in England in 1986. 282 Jan 11

In September 1984 some sheep in a flock of 250 suffered depression, anorexia, incoordination and difficulty in rising; 50 ewes and weaners died. Post mortem examination revealed petechial bleeding, massive acute liver necrosis and in some animals degeneration of the kidney tubules. The rumen and gut contained many larvae of the blue-black birch sawfly (Arge pullata). Laboratory and field observations indicated that these were the cause of the illness.
Vet Rec 1987 Sep 12
PMID:Sawfly poisoning in sheep and goats. 289 Dec 13

Six 34- to 42-day-old lambs raised in coccidia-free conditions were inoculated with 70,000 sporocysts derived from sheep heart with microscopic sarcocysts. Fever and mild anorexia occurred between 25 and 33 days after inoculation. A transient anaemia was most marked 32 days after inoculation. Lambs were killed and examined 14, 25, 33, 42, 60 and 81 days after inoculation. Gross lesions were absent. First and second generation meronts were present in endothelial cells at 25 and 33 days after inoculation. Meronts were most numerous in kidney glomeruli. Developing sarcocysts were rare at 42 days after inoculation. Sarcocysts with a primary cyst wall 2 to 3 micron thick composed of palisade projections were common at 60 and 81 days after inoculation in striated muscle and brain. Mild to severe striated muscle myositis and non-suppurative encephalitis or encephalomyelitis with glial nodules were observed 25 to 81 days after inoculation. Sarcocyst frequency varied considerably; it was highest in myocardium, M vastus intermedius, M vastus medialis, M extensor carpi radialis and tongue muscle and was lowest in M masseter.
Vet Rec 1986 Nov 22
PMID:Experimental microcyst sarcocystis infection in lambs: pathology. 310 Dec 71

Post hibernational anorexia in captive Mediterranean tortoises is an increasingly recognised condition. It is associated with increased blood urea and low blood glucose concentrations and dehydration. A theory to explain its underlying physiology is presented, based on studies of the seasonal and cyclic variations in the tortoises' blood composition. Measurements useful for predicting the condition are identified and a logical approach to therapy is proposed.
Vet Rec 1987 Jan 24
PMID:Post hibernational anorexia in captive Mediterranean tortoises (Testudo graeca and Thermanni). 346 10

Six cases of accidental salinomycin poisoning in horses are described. The horses were fed a contaminated ration and presented clinical signs which were extremely varied in nature and severity. However, the range of signs, including anorexia, colic, weakness and ataxia bore similarities to those described in horses poisoned with the related ionophore monensin. Other similarities became apparent in serum biochemical profiles of the clinical cases. Although ionophore toxicity is rarely reported in horses they appear to be particularly susceptible, and it should therefore be considered as a differential diagnosis of digestive upsets or locomotory disorders at establishments where ionophore-treated feeds are used therapeutically in other species.
Vet Rec 1987 Aug 08
PMID:Salinomycin poisoning in horses. 367 48

The significance of tick-borne fever (TBF) and other tick-borne diseases of British sheep are reviewed. Experimental and field studies were carried out to clarify the role of TBF as a pathogen per se and as a predisposing factor in other diseases. Experimental TBF infection caused anorexia and depression in two- to three-week-old lambs, which under the stress of a hill environment could alone be a cause of mortality. Nine out of 10 lambs experimentally inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus during the febrile phase of a TBF reaction developed pyaemic lesions compared with four out of 20 lambs inoculated with S aureus alone. Specific pathogen-free lambs inoculated with an aerosol of Pasteurella haemolytica serotype A1 during a TBF reaction showed more severe clinical signs and had more extensive pathological changes at necropsy than control lambs given P haemolytica alone. Dual infection with TBF and louping-ill virus showed that not only were dually infected sheep more susceptible to louping-ill but almost all of them succumbed to a haemorrhagic syndrome involving a systemic mycotic infection with Rhizomucor pucillus. None of eight sheep given louping-ill virus alone developed this syndrome. Field studies indicated that morbidity and mortality in lambs in south-west Scotland could be markedly reduced by dipping and long acting antibiotic prophylaxis. Lamb groups in which both of these were carried out incurred losses of only 0.6 per cent compared with 10.3 per cent in control groups. In addition antibiotic-treated lamb groups demonstrated significantly better weight gains than untreated groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vet Rec 1986 Apr 12
PMID:Some aspects of tick-borne diseases of British sheep. 375 69

The clinical pathology and histopathology of two groups of Atlantic salmon with severe degenerative myopathy (pancreas disease) is described and compared with a third healthy group. One affected group was anorexic and had low plasma protein and albumin levels while the other was feeding and had normal levels. Both diseased groups had plasma and tissue vitamin E and selenium levels lower than the healthy group. Similarly, creatine kinase values were raised in affected groups. If representative of the syndrome as a whole, the results suggest that the myopathy of pancreas disease has a basis in a vitamin E-selenium deficiency, but whether primary or induced is not clear. The results also demonstrate that the myopathy and pancreatic atrophy do not inevitably lead to anorexia or any other clinically obvious sign of disease, despite both cardiac and oesophageal involvement.
Vet Rec 1986 Sep 20
PMID:Clinical pathology of myodegeneration (pancreas disease) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). 377 31

In 23 cows suffering from a secondary indigestion, in most cases with septicaemia, the syndrome of functional pyloric stenosis or vagal indigestion developed. The signs were anorexia, ruminal distension with fluid material, abomasal reflux into the ruminoreticulum, dehydration, hypochloraemic, hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis and uraemia. These signs often disappeared after treatment of both the primary causative disease and the secondary indigestion. The importance of recognising this condition is emphasised, because the serious signs of the secondary indigestion may dominate the causative disease. The prognosis depends upon the causative disease and is not necessarily bad.
Vet Rec 1986 Oct 18
PMID:Secondary indigestion as a cause of functional pyloric stenosis in the cow. 379 82

The effect of oral infection of puppies, eight and 10 weeks old, with canine parvovirus of faecal origin was studied. Clinical signs of enteric disease were first apparent at five days after inoculation and persisted during days 6 and 7 after inoculation. The severity of clinical signs varied from transient dullness and anorexia to emesis, dysentery and death. Changes in haematological parameters were first found at day 3 after inoculation when a relative lymphopenia was observed. A profound neutropenia developed in severely affected dogs after the appearance of clinical enteric disease. Post mortem examination revealed thymic atrophy in all dogs killed on day 4 after inoculation. Macroscopic changes in the small intestine were apparent only in animals examined during the phase of severe enteric disease and consisted of thickening, rigidity and congestion of the small intestines. Microscopically there was lymphocytolysis in the thymic cortex and the germinal centres of the lymph nodes from days 2 and 3 after inoculation respectively and this rapidly resulted in depletion of these tissues. There was repopulation of lymph nodes from day 7 after inoculation but significant thymic regeneration was not apparent during the course of this study. In the small intestine, necrosis of crypt epithelium, atrophy of villi and, in some areas, complete collapse of mucosal architecture were found but the extent of these changes varied along the length of the small intestine and between individuals. Regenerative intestinal changes were observed in those animals surviving the acute phase of enteric dysfunction. The variable severity of clinical and enteric lesions, together with the factors which may affect the expression of clinical disease, are discussed.
Vet Rec 1984 Sep 01
PMID:Canine parvovirus enteritis 1: Clinical, haematological and pathological features of experimental infection. 609 17


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