Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Twenty-five of 72 calves sired by a Simmental bull were affected with a congenital skin disease which appeared to be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The affected calves showed hypotrichosis, erythema and breaks in the integrity of the skin. The distribution of the lesions and the ease with which excoriations occurred suggested an abnormal vulnerability to trauma. Mortality was high but in affected survivors the clinical signs moderated with age. Histopathologically, dermoepidermal separation and cytolysis of the germinal cell layer of the epidermis were seen. The name bovine epidermolysis is proposed and a relationship with epidermolysis bullosa simplex of man is suggested.
Vet Rec 1987 Jul 04
PMID:A congenital bovine epidermolysis resembling epidermolysis bullosa simplex of man. 260 42

The efficacy of clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin was compared with amoxycillin alone in experimental staphylococcal infection in dogs and in a controlled trial in clinical cases of skin infection in dogs and cats. The experimental infection was produced by subdermal inoculation with beta-lactamase producing (amoxycillin resistant) staphylococci absorbed in cotton dust. This produced discrete, localised lesions with no systemic involvement. In a cross over study, six animals were randomly allocated to treatment with either amoxycillin alone (10 mg/kg, dosed twice daily) or a formulation of clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin (12.5 mg/kg, of a 1:4 ratio, dosed twice daily). The lesions of the animals treated with clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin resolved more quickly than those treated with amoxycillin alone. The difference was significant (P less than 0.05) for both lesion diameter and inflammation score after day 6 of treatment. A trial was carried out in clinical cases of skin disease which were randomly allocated to twice daily treatment with either amoxycillin alone (10 or 20 mg/kg), or with clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin (12.5 or 25 mg/kg of a 1:4 ratio). The required duration of treatment was shorter (P less than 0.5) for the potentiated amoxycillin treatments, and the success rate (judged by cure or substantial improvement) was higher (P less than 0.05) for this group, especially (P less than 0.01) where amoxycillin resistant organisms were isolated. It was concluded that clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin was an effective treatment of skin infections both under experimental and clinical conditions.
Vet Rec 1985 Feb 16
PMID:Efficacy of clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin in experimental and clinical skin infections. 388 42

Capripox vaccine (strain 0240) caused severe generalised skin reactions in vaccinated dairy cattle in two herds, whereas beef cattle did not develop reactions. All the reacting animals developed lumpy skin disease-like lesions. The incidence of skin lesions in first-lactation cows in herd A was 22.9 per cent and in herd B 29.3 per cent, mainly in the post-calving period. In older cows, the incidence was 10 per cent in herd A and 12.4 per cent in herd B. In herd B the high-yielding lactating cows were the most severely affected. There was a decrease of 3.5 per cent in milk production in each herd over a period of 12 days, and six first calving animals (3.5 per cent) and six cows (1.5 per cent) were slaughtered. A capripox virus was isolated from the animals with severe lesions, and was also demonstrated by electron microscopy. The histopathological lesions were similar to those of lumpy skin disease. The extent of the lesions appeared to be stress-related and, to a lesser degree, correlated with age and breed.
Vet Rec 1994 Oct 01
PMID:Adverse reactions in cattle to a capripox vaccine. 782 72

Serum samples from 10 dogs without skin disease, 10 with non-atopic pruritic skin disease, and 10 atopic dogs were tested blind by using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAS) (Veterinary Allergy Test Kit; All-Vet [test A] and Elisarest; Bloxham Laboratories [test B]) designed to detect immunoglobulin E antibodies to environmental allergens. All the dogs tested had at least three positive reactions when using test A, and 28 of the dogs had at least one positive reaction when using test B. The median numbers of positive reactions observed in the three groups of dogs were not significantly different for each test. Significantly more reactions were observed with test A in each group (P < 0.001) than with test B. The sensitivity of both the tests was 100 per cent, but the specificity of test A was 0 per cent and the specificity of test B was 10 per cent. The positive predictive values of tests A and B were 33.3 per cent and 35.7 per cent, respectively, and the negative predictive values were 0 and 100 per cent. The poor specificities and low positive predictive values indicate that the positive results obtained when using these ELISAS are of no diagnostic value in canine atopy.
Vet Rec 1994 Aug 06
PMID:Evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the diagnosis of canine atopy. 786 15

Cattle were protected against challenge with rinderpest and lumpy skin disease viruses by vaccination with a recombinant capripoxvirus containing the fusion protein (F) gene of rinderpest virus. The minimum protective immunising doses for rinderpest and lumpy skin disease were 5.5 x 10(4) plaque forming units (pfu) and 1.5 x 10(3) pfu, respectively.
Vet Rec 1994 Aug 13
PMID:Protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease with a recombinant capripoxvirus expressing the fusion protein gene of rinderpest virus. 781 11

Fourteen cats with crusting dermatoses ('miliary dermatitis') were supplemented with various combinations of evening primrose oil and fish oil. The cutaneous signs improved when the cats were supplemented with either evening primrose oil alone or with a combination of evening primrose oil and fish oil. Fish oil alone was unable to maintain the remission and the cutaneous signs deteriorated. The subsequent administration of a combination of the two oils resulted in a resolution of the dermatosis.
Vet Rec 1993 Aug 28
PMID:Effect of varying proportions of evening primrose oil and fish oil on cats with crusting dermatosis ('miliary dermatitis') 828 Feb 88

Fourteen of the 17 dairy herds in Peduyim, an Israeli village, became infected with lumpy skin disease during a period of 37 days in August and September 1989. One cow in one neighbouring village and four cows in another neighbouring village also became infected, probably through being treated by a veterinarian who treated cows in Peduyim. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the original infection was brought to Peduyim and spread by stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) carried by the wind from foci of the disease at El Arish in northern Sinai, or at Ismailiya and the Nile delta in Egypt. All the cattle and the small flocks of sheep and goats in the village were slaughtered.
Vet Rec 1995 Jul 22
PMID:Spread of lumpy skin disease in Israeli dairy herds. 853 49

Three horses developed severe pulmonary infections while being treated with systemic corticosteroids for other diseases. Two of them had an immune-mediated skin disease, compatible with a diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus, and one had severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Case 1 developed diffuse pneumonia from which Streptococcus zooepidemicus and Bacteroides melaninogenicus were isolated, and it responded to antibiotic therapy. Case 2 developed septicaemia, pulmonary thrombosis and pneumonia associated with Escherichia coli, and died during a peracute illness with signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Case 3 developed focal pneumonia from which S zooepidemicus was isolated. This horse was destroyed at the owner's request and no treatment was attempted.
Vet Rec 1996 Mar 02
PMID:Bacterial pneumonia associated with corticosteroid therapy in three horses. 868 53

Orf is a zoonotic skin disease which is commonly self-diagnosed by those who tend sheep and goats. This paper reports the prevalence, incidence and risk factors associated with the infection in a cohort of farmworkers from three areas of England, derived from the results of self-reporting and serology. Twenty-three per cent of those employed or living on a sheep farm reported ever having had orf, and the antibody serological profiles indicated a prevalence of 4 per cent and an annual incidence of 2.8 per cen. The main risk factors associated with the infection were contact with sheep, the size of the sheep flock, and contact with dogs.
Vet Rec 1999 Jul 03
PMID:Orf (contagious pustular dermatitis) in farmworkers: prevalence and risk factors in three areas of England. 1045 90

This study was designed to assess the accuracy of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of canine scabies. Serum samples from 37 dogs were examined blind; 12 had sarcoptic mange confirmed by the identification of mites in skin scrapings, 12 were atopic (with positive intradermal reactions to one or more aeroallergens, including Dermatophagoides farinae), and 13 were healthy dogs with no history of skin disease. Optical density values of more than 0.16 were considered positive, 0.145 to 0.16 were considered questionable and less than 0.145 were considered negative. Ten of the 12 dogs with scabies were positive, all 12 atopic dogs were negative, and 11 of the 13 healthy dogs were negative and two were questionable.
Vet Rec 2001 Feb 24
PMID:Evaluation of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of canine sarcoptic mange. 1132 60


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