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Computerised management schemes are widely used in British dairy herds yet the standardised lactation curves might not be the most appropriate in particular herds. The shape of these curves is more a reflection of feeding than lactational physiology. Experimental evidence supports the approach of prediction of yield potential for each cow in early lactation, the mean rate of fall for the herd and appropriately tailored feeding. Daily pattern of supplementary feeding interacts with body energy balance and might have implications in the incidence of metabolic diseases and infertility. Compositional quality and total yields of milk constituents are influenced by the level of nutrition used at the onset of each lactation.
Vet Rec 1984 Sep 15
PMID:Strategic feeding of high yielding dairy cows. 649 78

COSREEL, a computerised animal health recording system with a versatile coding system for recording diagnoses, symptoms and medical and surgical treatments, has been tested by veterinary surgeons in practice. The codes were found to be logical and generally easy to use. The application of these codes, with particular reference to their use in infertility investigations, is illustrated.
Vet Rec 1983 Oct 08
PMID:Use of COSREEL clinical codes in large animal veterinary practice. 664 52

The fat cow syndrome developed over a two year period in a 100 cow dairy herd following overfeeding in late lactation and the dry period. It was characterised clinically by a high incidence of parturient paresis and chronic unresponsive ketosis in early lactation. The reproductive performance of the herd was poor throughout this period, with extended calving indices confirming a suggested link between fatty liver and infertility.
Vet Rec 1983 Nov 12
PMID:Fat cow syndrome in a British dairy herd. 664 84

COSREEL, a computerised animal health recording system, has been used since October 1980 by two agricultural colleges for the management of their dairy herds. Each college and the veterinary practice which served the college has had its own typewriter terminal connected to a remote computer. Management and milk data have been coded and entered at the college and clinical data at the veterinary practice. An average of just over one management and veterinary event per week has been coded for every three cows in milk. Error rates were on average 11 per cent by one pair of users and 4 per cent by the other pair. COSREEL has provided a valuable aid to the management of the health of the two herds, and the regular use of pregnancy diagnosis, infertility investigation and oestrus detection action lists resulted in a considerable improvement in herd fertility at the two colleges.
Vet Rec 1983 Sep 24
PMID:Use of COSREEL, a computerised recording system, for herd health management of two dairy herds. 668

COSREEL (Computer System for Recording Events affecting Economically important Livestock) is an animal health recording system which has been designed for the management of cattle, sheep and pigs kept at the ARC Institute for Research on Animal Diseases. Unlike other, numerical, coding systems for the recording of disease, COSREEL has a versatile alpha-numeric coding system which can record diagnosis of disease, local and general symptoms, medical and surgical treatment, vaccination and antiserum therapy, therapeutic management changes and tests with their results. The system is used for recording management, veterinary and milk data, and is a terminal based system using a remote computer. Various lists for action are produced for both herd managers and clinicians including weekly reports of the production and fertility status of individual cows, and lists of cows due for pregnancy diagnosis or infertility investigation. This paper describes the general features of COSREEL, gives examples of the way diagnoses are coded and discusses the future potential of such a system for the development of a central data base for epidemiological analysis.
Vet Rec 1983 Feb 26
PMID:COSREEL: computerised recording system for herd health information management. 683 5

A retrospective study of a seasonal infertility problem in a large intensive piggery showed that during the periods of infertility there was a significant increase in the numbers of sows returning to oestrus in the periods 22 to 37 and 44 to 53 days after mating. A prospective study showed that the majority of sows affected by the seasonal infertility problem returned to oestrus during the fourth of fifth week after mating. However, some sows did not exhibit a normal behavioural oestrus at this time and so the oestrus was undetected until and sow completed another oestrous cycle accounting for the second period of increased returns at 44 to 53 days. Some sows failed to exhibit behavioural evidence of oestrus at this second to exhibit behavioural evidence of oestrus at this second oestrus and so had very prolonged mating to detectable oestrus intervals.
Vet Rec 1981 Oct 31
PMID:Seasonal infertility in pigs. 734 74

Infertility is a widespread problem among cattle herds in Jamaica and an intergovernmental project was initiated to investigate the problem. One aspect of the project included diagnosis of campylobacteriosis (vibriosis), which was suspected in some herds but had not been confirmed in the laboratory. Tests were undertaken in late 1978 using improved techniques for handling and transporting specimens to the laboratory. Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus was isolated from five of six herds tested. The diagnosis of C. fetus infection has led to improvements in farm management and a better appreciation of more efficient artificial insemination and veterinary services.
Vet Rec 1980 Mar 29
PMID:Campylobacteriosis in Jamaican cattle. 739 25

The karyotype 2n = 59,XY,t:1/29 was found in two pure bred Red Poll bulls originating from stock imported from Britain. Orthodox stained and G-banded karyotypes of the condition in this breed are presented for the first time. Non-return rates for one bull suggest no impairment of fertility when selected for artificial insemination. However, in a related herd infertility has become a serious problem. It is suggested that selection pressure does not operate to eliminate the translocation and that caution should be exercised in the use of animals.
Vet Rec 1980 Aug 23
PMID:An autosomal centric fusion translocation in the Red Poll breed in Australia. 744

This survey analysed the history of cows which were pregnant when they were slaughtered at an abattoir in south west England by sending a questionnaire to their farm of origin to determine the reason(s) for culling them and their recent reproductive history. Of the slaughtered cows, 23.5 per cent were pregnant and 26.9 per cent of these were in the third trimester. The three main reasons for culling were infertility (28.2 per cent), mastitis (21.8 per cent) and old age (15.8 per cent). In 50.9 per cent of cases the farmer thought that the cow was not pregnant. In 66 per cent of the returns the cow had run with a bull. The average age of the slaughtered cows was 7.9 years. The records were categorised as 'OK' when they were consistent with the stage of pregnancy found post mortem, as 'error' when there were slight inconsistencies and 'gross error' when there were more serious discrepancies. Thirty-six per cent of the returns were classed as 'OK', 56.6 per cent as 'error' and 27.2 per cent as 'gross error'. It is estimated that these errors represent an annual loss of 30.78 million pounds to the cattle industry of the United Kingdom.
Vet Rec 1995 Feb 18
PMID:A survey of the reasons for culling pregnant cows. 776 26

A survey was conducted to establish the prevalence of Actinobacillus seminis in ovine semen and the possible importance of the organism as a cause of ram infertility. A seminis was isolated from three of 16 infertile rams and the infected animals had lesions of the genital tract and produced poor quality semen. A seminis was also isolated from two of 96 fertile rams used as donors of semen for artificial insemination programmes. The strains of A seminis could be identified on the basis of their API ZYM profiles. The results suggest that in the United Kingdom A seminis should be considered as a common cause of infertility in rams.
Vet Rec 1995 Mar 18
PMID:Prevalence of Actinobacillus seminis in the semen of rams in the United Kingdom. 779 22


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