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Individual and epizootological observations on scouring in a large flock of three-to 10-week-old growing rabbits indicate that spread from animal to animal is not characteristic in outbreaks of rabbit dysentery. Although the disease occurs chiefly after weaning, precipitation of the symptoms seems to be unrelated to weaning stress. Intestinal flora studies on infected and control animals have shown that the bacteriological background of the condition is varied. Marked increase of coliforms over controls occurred in 70 per cent of the cases, coliforms and clostridia had both increased in 20 per cent, and clostridia only in 5 per cent. In the remaining 5 per cent the intestinal flora did not differ from normal, although death from rabbit dysentery was readily obvious. Microscopic examinations for coccidial oocysts of mucosal scrapings from different intestinal segments have shown that oocyst counts sufficient to give rise to clinical coccidiosis were only exceptionally present.
Vet Rec 1978 Oct 07
PMID:Rabbit dysentery: 1. Clinical, epizootological and bacteriological studies. 72 94

The diagnostic differentiation of rabbit mucoid enteritis from rabbit dysentery by age and post mortem findings is described. The condition termed as "rabbit dysentery" affects three- to 10-week-old growing rabbits and is essentially an acute coccidiosis, while "mucoid enteritis" develops in older rabbits as a sequel to constipation for six to eight days. The main differentiating feature of the two conditions, which have often been confused with one another owing to similarity of symptoms, is the characteristics dissimilarity of gross changes in the caecum.
Vet Rec 1978 Oct 07
PMID:Rabbit dysentery: 3. Diagnostic differentiation. 72 96

The first report of globidial gastroenteritis of sheep in Nigeria is presented. Clinical symptoms, gross and histopathological lesions associated with the disease in nine adult rams are described. The importance of differentiating the disease from intestinal coccidiosis in Yankasa sheep is stressed.
Vet Rec 1978 Nov 04
PMID:Gastrointestinal globidiosis of Yankasa sheep in Nigeria. 74 97

The significance of coccidiosis in the cat is discussed and the clinical signs of infection are described. The occurrence of subclinical infection with Isospora felis in 49 of 58 cats in a colony is reported. Treatment with a 20% solution of sulphadimethoxine at a dose rate of 50 mg per kg bodyweight, administered in the food daily for 14 days, was successful in eradicating the infection. Sulphadimidine appeared to have no effect on the number of oocysts in the faeces of one cat. Ancillary hygienic measures included the use of disposable feeding and drinking utensils, frequent removal and destruction of faeces and scrubbing of sanitary trays and cages with hot 5% sodium carbonate solution.
Vet Rec 1977 Feb
PMID:Coccidial infection in a cat colony. 84 80

To the practicing veterinarian, coccidiosis in the sheep is an enigma; further research is required into the pathogenicity of the parasite and the role of husbandry and nutritional factors.
Vet Rec 1976 Apr 24
PMID:Coccidoisis of sheep: a review. 93 30

Seven groups of twin lambs, kept with their dams on pasture, were given single oral inoculations of 10,000 oocysts of Eimeria ovinoidalis and 10,000 E crandallis at one, two, four, seven, 14, 21 or 28 days after birth, respectively. All were then challenged with 100,000 of each species at 42 days of age. An eighth group was challenged without having received the earlier 'immunising' inoculum, and a ninth group was not inoculated at all. Bodyweights, faecal consistency, oocyst output, and serum coccidial antibody levels were monitored up to 12 weeks of age. No clinical response was detected to inoculation up to four days of age. Loosening of faeces and a slight setback in weight-gain occurred in lambs inoculated seven, 14 and 21 days after birth; inoculation 28 days after birth caused severe diarrhoea and weight loss. Challenge at 42 days caused severe coccidiosis with 50 per cent mortality in the 'unimmunised' group. In those that had received 'immunising' inoculations, the challenge at 42 days caused some diarrhoea and some weight loss, but much less than in the 'unimmunised' lambs. The later the 'immunisation', the less severe was the disease attributable to the challenge at 42 days. Serum antibody levels correlated fairly closely with resistance to the disease. It was concluded that very young lambs were resistant to the pathogenic effects of some coccidia, but were able to respond to them immunologically.
Vet Rec 1989 Apr 29
PMID:Ovine coccidiosis: heavy infection in young lambs increases resistance without causing disease. 272 97

Thirty-five merlins (Falco columbarius) were examined post mortem and 13 clinically. Eleven of the latter were captive birds. In eight of the cases examined post mortem no diagnosis could be made but another eight died of a fatty liver-kidney syndrome. Other causes of death included enteritis/proventriculitis (three birds), coccidiosis (three) and septicaemia (two). A variety of incidental findings was noted, for example, parasites and non-fatal lesions. Of the 13 clinical cases, five had bumblefoot and two each had fractures and reproductive failure. There were individual instances of other diseases. The merlin is declining in numbers in Britain and little is known of its susceptibility to disease or causes of mortality. Data on captive birds can provide valuable information in this respect.
Vet Rec 1986 Mar 01
PMID:Studies on morbidity and mortality in the merlin (Falco columbarius). 370 12

Pheasants are semi-wild and difficult to handle, especially in large numbers. At least seven million birds are now reared annually during a relatively short season, frequently for shoots where the owners have little or no knowledge of animal husbandry. The nutritional requirements are not accurately known. Hatchability and hygiene problems result from dirty eggs, inadequate egg storage and poor egg handling. Husbandry deficiencies contribute to major losses which include failure of feed and water intake especially during the first few days of life, cannibalism and feather loss with subsequent mortality in the release pens from exposure, and disease. All these may cause welfare problems to which more attention should be given. The younger keepers are becoming better trained and more aware of the requirements for effective intensive poultry keeping. Major infections are those associated with galliform birds in general, but especially important are colibacillosis and salmonellosis, coccidiosis together with hexamitiasis and histomoniasis, syngamiasis and adenoviruses causing marble spleen disease. A major difficulty is ensuring adequate intake of prophylactic and therapeutic medication for all the birds in a flock.
Vet Rec 1985 Jun 08
PMID:Pheasant rearing: associated husbandry and disease problems. 392 13

Representative experiments from work undertaken to develop a synergistic mixture of trimethoprim and sulphaquinoxaline for the preventive treatment of certain poultry diseases are described. Sulphaquinoxaline in the diet for four days was shown to achieve at least an 85 per cent higher blood level than nine other sulphonamides in chicks, and the efficacies of various trimethoprim/sulphaquinoxaline regimes in the diet or in the drinking water were demonstrated against pasteurellosis, colisepticaemia and five kinds of coccidiosis. Regimes for bacterial diseases were begun one day before infection but those for coccidial diseases were begun on the same day as infection or later. Overall, a total dose of 30 mg/kg bodyweight/day (trimethoprim/sulphaquinoxaline = 1:3) controlled these seven diseases. The same treatment was also shown to control sulphaquinoxaline-resistant strains of Escherichia coli and Eimeria acervulina. Although both drinking water and food were used for drug administration, twice the inclusion rate was required in food to that in water for equivalent efficacy. The significance of different modes of expression of dosages for bacterial and coccidial diseases is explained.
Vet Rec
PMID:Evaluation of a mixture of trimethoprim and sulphaquinoxaline for the treatment of bacterial and coccidial diseases of poultry. 666 70

Clinical coccidiosis in swine is associated with Isospora suis infection of piglets. The endogenous life cycle of I suis in piglets occurs within the superficial epithelium of the small intestine. Extraintestinal stages of I suis were not demonstrated in tissues of experimentally infected piglets or mice. Feeding these tissues to previously uninfected piglets did not result in oocyst shedding of consequence. Extraintestinal stages do not seem to occur in piglets with I suis as in some other Isospora species.
Vet Rec 1982 Jan 23
PMID:Coccidiosis in swine: a search for extraintestinal stages of Isospora suis. 706 30


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