Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Nine of 15 housed red deer developed an acute disease. Six died and three were killed when severely affected. The clinical and post mortem changes suggested a diagnosis of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) which was consistent with the pantropic lymphoproliferative histopathological lesions observed. Attempts to isolate an agent or transmit the condition to cattle failed. The relation of the vasculitis to the pathogenesis of the disease and the susceptibility of red deer are discussed.
Vet Rec 1979 Feb 10
PMID:An outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever in red deer (Cervus elephus). 57 10

Pasteurellosis is an important cause of economic loss to the sheep industry. There are two distinct syndromes. The pneumonic form of the disease caused by P haemolytica biotype A occurs as pneumonia in flocks and sporadically in individual sheep. The septicaemic form, caused by P haemolytica biotype T is associated with hyper-acute disease and occurs most commonly in the autumn coinciding with the folding of hoggs on rape, turnips and improved pastures. The factors which predispose sheep to the different forms of the disease are poorly understood but recently it has been possible to reproduce pasteurella pneumonia experimentally.
Vet Rec 1978 Feb 04
PMID:Pasteurellosis in sheep. 63 44

Classical swine fever was confirmed in 10 herds in Britain between April 10 and June 25, 1986 and typical acute disease was seen in nine of them. Serological evidence of exposure to classical swine fever virus was found in a further seven herds which, together with another nine, were slaughtered as dangerous contacts. Altogether 7781 pigs in 26 herds were slaughtered at a cost of 450,101 pounds for compensation alone. In order to detect subclinical disease, the majority of traced herds were blood sampled as well as inspected. A total of 119,169 pigs were inspected in 506 herds and 8302 blood samples were collected. Three primary outbreaks were identified, all attributed to the feeding of unprocessed waste food containing imported pig meat products. There was no spread of disease from two of these primary outbreaks.
Vet Rec 1988 May 14
PMID:Outbreaks of classical swine fever in Great Britain in 1986. 342 Jul 68

Three female beagle dogs inoculated with granulocytic Ehrlichia species were monitored for four to six months to determine whether there was evidence that the organisms persisted. The dogs were inoculated intravenously with blood containing an Ehrlichia species closely related to Ehrlichia equi and Ehrlichia phagocytophila, and identical to the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent with respect to its 16S rRNA gene sequence. The clinical signs were evaluated, and blood samples were collected for haematology, serum biochemistry and serology. Ehrlichial inclusions in the blood were monitored by microscopy, and ehrlichial DNA was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two of the dogs were injected with prednisolone on days 54 to 56 and days 152 to 154 after infection, and the other was injected with prednisolone on days 95 to 97 after infection. The dogs were euthanased and examined postmortem. Ehrlichial inclusions were demonstrated in the neutrophils and seroconversion occurred shortly after inoculation. Two of the dogs developed acute disease with rectal temperatures above 39.0 degrees C, after which no further clinical signs were observed. The administration of corticosteroids seemed to facilitate the detection of ehrlichial inclusions. Ehrlichial DNA was detected intermittently by PCR in blood samples from two of the dogs throughout the study. Persistent infection was demonstrated up to five-and-a-half months after inoculation.
Vet Rec 2000 Feb 12
PMID:Detection of granulocytic Ehrlichia species DNA by PCR in persistently infected dogs. 1071 91

The data from 20 dogs with histopathologically confirmed granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis were reviewed in an attempt to identify clinical signs and morphological and cellular parameters, particularly the infiltration of mast cells, which might be associated with the clinical course of the disease. Thirteen of the dogs had the acute form of the disease and seven had the chronic form. Young to middle-aged, small breed female dogs were over-represented. Central vestibular signs were observed in six of the dogs with the acute disease. Analyses of cerebrospinal fluid revealed moderate to severe pleocytosis and high protein concentrations in all cases. Histopathological investigations revealed disseminated perivascular cuffs, large confluent granulomata, tissue necrosis, infiltration with neutrophils and a large number of mitotic cells in the dogs with either of the clinical forms of the disease. Tryptase-positive mast cells were observed in all the cases, but there were significantly larger numbers in the dogs with the acute form.
Vet Rec 2001 Apr 14
PMID:Correlation between the clinical course of granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis in dogs and the extent of mast cell infiltration. 1133 72

The aim of this study was to establish whether enzootic pneumonia could be induced reliably in piglets by administering an aerosolised culture of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Groups of five M hyopneumoniaefree Landrace x Large White piglets weaned at 11 to 14 days of age were exposed to aerosols of in vitro cultures of a virulent strain of M hyopneumoniae. In three separate trials, 14 of 15 pigs exposed to the bacteria developed pneumonia, but pigs exposed to the culture medium alone did not develop the disease. Lung pathology, both gross and histological, indicated acute disease. Ten of the pigs were tested for seroconversion by Western blot and they were all positive. The growth rates of the infected pigs were significantly reduced and the water consumption of the infected groups was also depressed. M hyopneumoniae was recovered from eight of the 15 infected pigs.
Vet Rec 2002 Jan 05
PMID:Induction of enzootic pneumonia in pigs by the administration of an aerosol of in vitro-cultured Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. 1181 68

A longitudinal cohort study was conducted to follow the health of 787 calves from one UK dairy farm over a two-and-a-half-year period. Weekly health scores were gathered using a modified version of the Wisconsin Calf Scoring system (which did not record ear position) until calves were eight weeks of age, combined with data on colostral passive transfer, mortality, age at first conception and 305-day milk yield. High morbidity levels were detected, with 87 per cent of calves experiencing at least one clinically significant event (diarrhoea, pyrexia, pneumonia, nasal or ocular discharge, navel ill or joint ill). High rectal temperature, diarrhoea and a cough were the most prevalent findings. The effect of total protein levels was significantly associated with the development of pyrexia as a preweaning calf (P<0.01), but no other clinical health scores. The majority of moribund calves had just one clinically severe clinical sign detected at each of the weekly recordings. The overall mortality rate was 21.5 per cent up to 14 months of age, with 12.7 per cent of calves dying during the preweaning period. However, most calves that died were not recorded as having experienced a severe clinical sign in the time between birth and death, indicating a limitation in weekly calf scoring in detecting acute disease leading to death. Therefore, more frequent calf scoring or use of technology for continuous calf monitoring on farms is required to reduce mortality on farms with high disease incidence rates.
Vet Rec 2017 Aug 19
PMID:Assessing the effects of weekly preweaning health scores on dairy calf mortality and productivity parameters: cohort study. 2878 May 31