Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:Q9UIJ5 (Rec)
 58,342 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immature 27-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered daily subcutaneous injections of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 5 mg/100 g BW) to induce the formation of ovarian follicular cysts. Groups of rats were killed on days 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30. Ovaries from each group of rats were processed for light and electron microscopy and for follicular or cystic fluid hormone analysis. Normal antral follicle fluid, PMSG-treated preovulatory follicular fluid, and cystic fluids were analyzed for progesterone (P), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), delta 4-androstenedione (delta 4-A), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin (PRL). DHEA induced anovulation, acyclicity, and the formation of follicular cysts. In certain antral follicles, there was a dramatic increase in the quantities of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in the granulosa cells and many mitochondria had tubular cristae. Further depletion of granulosa cell number was associated with intense blebbing of the cytoplasm into the follicle antrum. Formation of the ovarian follicular cyst was completed when the entire cyst was lined by a single layer of transformed granulosa cells in contact via adhering, gap, and tight junctions. These cells had little cytoplasm, mitochondria with lamellar cristae, vast basal and apical bands of microfilaments, and an extensive array of smooth-surfaced endocytotic invaginations on the basal plasma membrane. These endocytotic pits may subsequently form smooth-surfaced vesicles and thereby serve as one mechanism for moving fluid from the ovarian interstitium into the cyst. Theca interna cells were rarely observed in the peripheral regions of the cyst. Abundant smooth muscle cells were located beneath the basement membrane of the epithelial cells comprising the cyst wall. These acquired morphological and physiological features may ensure persistence of the ovarian cyst and thus potentiate a chronic pathological condition. In this study it was also shown that progesterone, estrone, and estradiol as well as androgen concentration increased in the follicle after PMSG treatment. With DHEA treatment, the follicular cystic fluid concentrations of these steroids progressively increased to extremely high levels concurrent with the development of the follicular cysts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Anat Rec 1992 Nov
PMID:Cystogenesis of the ovarian antral follicle of the rat: ultrastructural changes and hormonal profile following the administration of dehydroepiandrosterone. 144 64

We analysed the organization of V delta genes and delta recombining element (delta Rec) in 27 children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Twenty-two of 54 alleles showed rearrangements of the T-cell receptor (TCR) delta locus. These rearrangements resulted either from D2D delta 3 (2 alleles) or V delta 2(Dn)D delta 3 (20 alleles) recombinations, and the other V delta and delta Rec were not rearranged. Of 23 alleles with deletion of C delta and rearrangements of J alpha, V delta 2, V delta 4 and V delta 5 appeared to rearrange to J alpha on five alleles. With regard to the relationship between the rearranged V alpha/delta and J alpha genes, gene segments 5' to V delta 2 frequently rearranged to J alpha more proximal to C alpha, whereas V delta 2 and gene segments 3' to V delta 2 showed a tendency to rearrange to J alpha distal to C alpha. Based on these findings, we suggest that the initial recombination event of the TCR-alpha/delta gene may be D2D delta 3 joining, followed by V delta 2 recombination with the D2D delta 3 complex. It was also suggested that use of V alpha/delta and J alpha/delta may depend on the distance between the involved V alpha/delta and J alpha/delta at least in B-lineage cells. These rearrangements in B-precursor cells appear to be aberrant. However, this recombinational process may be one of the normal differentiation pathways in T-lineage cells, because cells with a V delta 2(Dn)D delta 3 rearrangement were detected in 0.1-0.01% of normal peripheral mononuclear cells by the polymerase chain reaction.
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PMID:Developmental process of the T-cell receptor alpha and delta gene assembly in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 164 73

We analyzed the usage of the delta recombining element (delta Rec) and six V delta genes in cell samples from 15 patients with CD3- and 10 patients with CD3+ T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an attempt to define the hierarchy of genetic events that is associated with the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha/delta gene complex during T-cell ontogeny. Based on the deletion patterns of these genes, we surmised their relative order on chromosome 14 to be as follows: 5'-V delta 4, V delta 6, V delta 1, V delta 5, delta Rec, V delta 2, D delta 1-3, J delta 1-3, C delta, V delta 3-3'. In agreement with previous reports, V delta 1 was found to be preferentially rearranged in CD3+ samples. In CD3- samples, V delta 2 and V delta 3 rearrangements were observed at a high frequency. Incomplete V delta D delta rearrangements using V delta 2 or V delta 3, which are closest to C delta, were observed in three patients with CD3- and one patient with CD3+. These results suggest that V delta 2- and V delta 3-(Dn)D delta 3 recombinations are among the earliest recombinational events. Delta Rec was observed to be rearranged to phi J alpha on one allele. In addition, delta Rec rearrangements to J delta 1 and J alpha close to phi J alpha were also demonstrated on three alleles and one allele, respectively. Delta Rec rearrangements to J delta and J alpha other than phi J alpha also inhibit expression of the TCR delta locus. Approximately half of the alleles with J delta rearrangements showed no involvement of known V delta or delta Rec, indicating the existence of other, yet-uncharacterized V delta or delta Rec-like segments.
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PMID:Differential usage of delta recombining element and V delta genes during T-cell ontogeny. 165 21

To gain a better understanding of the organization of the complex T-cell antigen receptor alpha/delta (TCR alpha/delta) locus, a deletional analysis using the known six variable (V) regions of the TCR delta was performed in informative leukemic cell lines and fresh leukemias. We and others have previously reported a high incidence of V delta 2-(D)-D delta 3 rearrangements in non-T, non-B-lymphoid precursor acute lymphocytic leukemia (LP-ALL). In contrast V delta 4, V delta 5, V delta 6 rearrangements were rare or absent. V delta-J alpha rearrangements were found in LP-ALL and in T-ALL. Our deletion and rearrangement data combined with that of others suggest the following 5' to 3' organization of the TCR alpha/delta locus: V delta 6-(V delta 4-V alpha 1.2)-V alpha 12.1-V alpha 13.1-V delta 1-V delta 17.1-V delta 5-delta Rec-V delta 2-D/J/C delta-V delta 3-TEA-psi J alpha-J alpha G. The frequency of rearrangements of the various V delta genes suggests preferential use of the V delta most proximal to D/J delta.
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PMID:Organization of the T-cell receptor delta locus by deletional analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemias and leukemic cell lines. 183 1