Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q9NRP7 (fused)
 58,367 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chicken erythrocytes were fused either by Sendai virus or by the combination of Ca2+ and ionophore A23187. Intramembrane particles and external anionic sites of cells undergoing fusion were found to acquire the ability to undergo a process of cold-induced clustering (thermotropic separation). Cationized ferritin (200 microgram/ml 5% (v/v) cell suspension) inhibited both the fusion process and the thermotropic separation of intramembrane particles and external anionic sites. The correlation between the mobility of membrane proteins and the fusion process is discussed. It is suggest that an increase in the lateral mobility of membrane proteins is a prerequisite for initiation of membrane fusion.
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PMID:Inhibition of membrane fusion by suppression of lateral movement of membrane proteins. 21 87

Rat's tongues were injured by cold and the reactive processes were observed by light and electron microscopy. Injured animals and untreated controls were injected with aurothiomalate and the cells in tongue muscles which contained gold were observed after increasing injection-sacrifice time intervals. In the very rapid regeneration, gold-containing macrophage-like cells fused with each other and with well preserved parts of myofibers. The selectivity of gold localization suggested, at least morphologically, a macrophage to myoblast development. The possible factors affecting the rate of muscle regeneration have been discussed with special reference to the nature of the injurious stimulus and the type of cellular response.
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PMID:Tongue muscle regeneration, Gold marker studies following cold injury. 82 Aug 44

It is well documented that cold stress induces a rapid trans-synaptically mediated increase in the relative abundance of rat adrenomedullary tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA. To investigate the transcriptional mechanisms regulating the cold stress response, we have employed a gel mobility shift assay, using DNA fragments prepared from the proximal 5' flanking region of the bovine TH gene as a heterologous molecular probe. In pilot studies, this region of the bovine TH promoter (nucleotides -246 to +21) was fused to the bacterial reporter gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and the chimeric construct transfected into human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)-C, hepatoma HepG2, and rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. Results of this analysis indicate that the proximal 5' flanking region of the bovine TH gene contains sufficient information to drive transient reporter gene expression in both human and rat catecholaminergic clonal cell lines. The findings derived from the gel mobility shift studies demonstrate that cold exposure causes rapid and selective alterations in the binding of adrenomedullary nuclear proteins to the proximal 5' flanking region of the TH gene. The most striking cold stress-induced alteration in DNA/nucleoprotein binding occurs in a region of the TH promoter (nucleotides -246 to -189) which contains an element bearing marked sequence similarity to an AP1 binding site and is highly conserved among animal species. This alteration occurs within 1 hr of cold exposure and persists for up to 48 hr after the onset of stress. The results of adrenal denervation experiments indicate that the cold-induced change in DNA/nucleoprotein binding is neurally mediated, requiring intact sympathetic innervation of the gland.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Cold-induced alterations in the binding of adrenomedullary nuclear proteins to the promoter region of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene. 136 May 41

One hundred thirty-nine patients underwent 181 arthrodeses of finger distal interphalangeal joints (144) and/or thumb interphalangeal joints (37). Techniques included (1) crossed Kirschner pins (111 joints), (2) interfragmentary wire and longitudinal Kirschner pin (43 joints), and (3) Herbert screw (27 joints). Each technique had a similar nonunion rate. There were 21 nonunions: 13 were pain free, 6 were successfully fused on the second attempt, 1 was painful (but the patient refused further surgery), and 1 was amputated. Inadequate bone stock, inadequate bone resection, premature pin removal, and infection appear to complicate the attainment of bony union. Twenty percent of the fusions had major complications (nonunion, malunion, deep infection, and osteomyelitis). Minor complications (dorsal skin necrosis, cold intolerance, proximal interphalangeal joint stiffness, paresthesias, superficial wound infection, and prominent hardware) occurred in 16% of the joints fused.
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PMID:Distal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis: an analysis of complications. 143 Sep 56

Based on the current literature and on experience gained in the laboratory, a simplified procedure using direct saponification (0.4 M potassium hydroxide in ethanol and heating at 60 degrees C for 1 h) is the most appropriate method for the determination of total cholesterol in foods. Extraction of the unsaponifiable matter with hexane is efficient and no extra clean-up is required before quantification. An internal standard, 5 alpha-cholestane or epicoprostanol, should be added to the sample prior to saponification and, together with reference standards, carried through the entire procedure to ensure accurate results. A significant improvement in cholesterol methodology has been achieved by decreasing the sample size and performing all the sample preparation steps in a single tube. The method has the advantages of elimination of an initial solvent extraction for total lipids and errors resulting from multiple extractions, transfers, filtration and wash steps after saponification. The resulting hexane extract, which contains a variety of sterols and fat soluble vitamins, requires an efficient capillary column for complete resolution of cholesterol from the other compounds present. The development of fused-silica capillary columns using cross-linked and bonded liquid phases has provided high thermal stability, inertness and separation efficiency and, together with automated cold on-column gas chromatographic injection systems, has resulted in reproducible cholesterol determinations in either underivatized or derivatized form. If free cholesterol and its esters need to be determined separately, they are initially extracted with other lipids with chloroform-methanol followed by their separation by column or thin-layer chromatography and subsequently analysed by gas or liquid chromatography. Although capillary gas chromatography offers superior efficiency in separation, the inherent benefits of liquid chromatography makes it a potential alternative. Isotope dilution mass spectrometry has been widely accepted as a reliable analytical method for highly accurate determination of cholesterol in serum and several definitive methods have been reported. The combination of capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometry has become an excellent approach for the determination of cholesterol in complex mixtures of sterols and tocopherols, providing high resolution with positive identification. When used to determine cholesterol in multi-component foods, spectrophotometric methods have been documented to overestimate significantly the amount of cholesterol owing to the presence of other interfering substances. A re-evaluation of food products should be undertaken using the more specific chromatographic methods to accumulate data that will more accurately reflect the true cholesterol content.
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PMID:Chromatographic separation of cholesterol in foods. 149 14

An excimer laser, which is a pulsed ultraviolet laser and ablates tissue precisely with no thermal injury, is expected to coronary laser angioplasty. We transmitted XeCl excimer laser (308 nm) via a 400 microns fused silica fiber. In the first experiment, we studied about excimer laser ablative effects to normal canine arteries and atherosclerotic rabbit aortas, and about healing responses following excimer laser irradiation in both models. Surfaces after excimer laser ablation were slightly rough but no thermal injury was found in the media. And for healing process of normal canine arteries, endothelial cells appeared at 3 weeks and completely covered surfaces with fibrointimal ingrowth at 3 months. In the rabbit aortas, at 3 weeks there was reconstruction of the surface. At 2 months no accelerated atherosclerotic or aneurysmal changes were observed. In the second, with this excimer laser (short pulse) and 400 microns fused silica fibers (distal fiber-end power: 3-6 mJ/pulse), we performed transluminal laser angioplasty to recanalize totally occluded canine femoral arteries under an angioscopic guidance. We cold recanalize 8 of 9 totally occluded arteries with no thermal injury of adjacent tissue, though perforations were observed in 7 of 9 arteries. In the third, we used a newly-developed long pulse excimer laser, with which distal fiber-end energy was about 3 to 4 times as much as the short pulse one, to recanalize totally occluded canine arteries. In result, recanalization was performed in 6 of 8 arteries rapidly with little thermal injury. However, we observed perforations in 6 of 8 arteries like the short pulse one. Multifiber catheter ("over the wire system") coupled with this long-pulse excimer laser was used to reconstruct stenotic iliac arteries of atherosclerotic rabbit models. The procedure was successful in all the 5 rabbits. In conclusion, our preliminary results suggested that further developments of a more powerful and longer pulse-duration excimer laser, optic delivery system and guidance system would make excimer laser angioplasty safer and more effective method in the near future.
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PMID:[An experimental study of excimer laser angioplasty]. 153 Mar 86

The hns (27 min) gene encoding the 15.4-kDa nucleoid protein H-NS was shown to belong to the cold shock regulon of Escherichia coli, its expression being enhanced 3- to 4-fold during the growth lag that follows a shift from 37 degrees C to 10 degrees C. A 110-base-pair (bp) DNA fragment containing the promoter of hns fused to a promoterless cat gene (hns-cat fusion) conferred a similar cold shock response to the expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in vivo and in coupled transcription-translation systems prepared with extracts of cold-shocked cells. Extracts of the same cells produce a specific gel shift of the 110-bp DNA fragment and this fragment, immobilized on a solid support, specifically retains a single 7-kDa protein present only in cold-shocked cells that was found to be identical to F10.6 (CS7.4), the product of cspA. This purified protein, which is homologous to human DNA-binding protein YB-1, recognizes some feature of the 110-bp promoter region of hns and acts as a cold shock transcriptional activator of this gene since it stimulates the expression of CAT activity and of cat transcription in in vitro systems programmed with plasmid DNA carrying the hns-cat fusion.
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PMID:Identification of a cold shock transcriptional enhancer of the Escherichia coli gene encoding nucleoid protein H-NS. 196 61

Severe structural changes leading to marked alterations in secretory activity are known to occur in the pituitary-thyroid axis 1 month after induction of postpuberal streptozocin (SZ)-diabetes. However, SZ-diabetic rats of different age groups have not been compared, nor has the maturity of the pituitary and thyroid glands at the onset of diabetes been correlated with the type and evolution of functional and structural changes. We thus induced diabetes in 1-month (prepuberal of 3-month (postpuberal) old male rats and compared diabetic with control groups 4 and 8 months after SZ or saline injection. We determined: 1) pituitary and thyroid weights, 2) the basal plasma TSH, T3, and T4 concentrations, and 3) several morphometrical measurements in the pituitary and thyroid glands. After 4 months, 1) the pituitary and thyroid weights were decreased, 2) plasma TSH and T3 were unchanged, plasma T4 was reduced. and 3) the number of thyrotropes, degenerative changes of follicle cells, and colloid area were increased, the follicle cell height as well as the number of fused cold follicles decreased, and the follicle area was unchanged in diabetic compared with control rats. The lesions were more conspicuous in pre- than in postpuberal diabetic animals. After 8 months, plasma TSH, T3, and T4 were decreased in diabetic compared with control rats. Except for the increased colloid area, all other lesions were similar, though more severe in prepuberal diabetic rats after 8 than 4 months. Few changes were found in postpuberal diabetic rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The age at onset of diabetes influences functional and structural changes in the pituitary-thyroid axis of streptozocin-diabetic male rats. 198 Jan 70

Two murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Aspergillus fumigatus were produced and characterized. Splenocytes from cell wall-immunized BALB/c mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells. The hybridomas were screened with a cold alkali (CA) extract of mycelium containing protein, mannose, and galactose, and two MAbs of the immunoglobulin M class were purified from ascites fluid. MAbs 1 and 40 were characterized by double immunodiffusion against CA antigen, indirect enzyme immunoassay with mannans of Candida albicans serotypes A or B or Candida tropicalis, indirect immunofluorescence with C. albicans- or A. fumigatus-infected tissues, indirect immunofluorescence with smears of other pathogenic fungi, Western blotting (immunoblotting) with the lectin concanavalin A or BS-1 from the seeds of Bandeirea simplicifolia, and immunoelectron microscopy. MAb 1 did not cross-react with Candida mannan and recognized a periodate-sensitive, pronase- and heat-resistant epitope in CA antigen and three mannose- and galactose-containing components (80, 62, and 49 kilodaltons) of a mycelial homogenate. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated binding of MAb 1 to the inner cell wall and intracellular membranes of hyphae and conidia of A. fumigatus. Circulating antigen was detected in experimental invasive aspergillosis by inhibition enzyme immunoassay with MAb 1 and CA antigen. MAb 40 was a nonprecipitating antibody cross-reactive with Candida species, and competition for an epitope located diffusely in the cell wall of A. fumigatus hyphae was demonstrated by incubating MAb 40 with mannan of C. albicans serotype A. These results suggest that MAb 1 recognizes immunodominant oligogalactoside side chains of A. fumigatus galactomannan, while MAb 40 binds to mannopyranosyl side chains common to A. fumigatus galactomannan and C. albicans mannan.
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PMID:Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to cell wall antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus. 219 59

In this work, we investigated the effects of pre-columns and press-fit connectors on automated cold on-column injection capillary gas chromatography. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocking vasodilator used in the treatment of angina, arrhythmias and hypertension, and norverapamil, an active metabolite, were used as model compounds in these investigations. Wide-bore fused-silica tubing deactivated with OV-1701-vinyl was also studied with respect to its suitability as pre-column material. The detector response of verapamil versus an internal standard was consistent at micrograms/ml and ng/ml levels, while that of norverapamil decreased with the amount injected. However, the decrease in response of norverapamil appeared to be unrelated to the presence of a pre-column or press-fit connector in the chromatographic system.
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PMID:Effects of the pre-column in automated on-column injection capillary gas chromatography. 225 87


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