Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q9BZ95 (Whistle)
 42 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The suctioning efficiency and trauma-producing characteristics of five commercially available tracheobronchial suction catheters (Pharmaseal Tri-Flo, NCC Gentle-Flo, Argyle Aero-Flo, Argyle Dual Side-Hole, and Pharmaseal Whistle-Tip) were experimentally evaluated in anesthetized healthy dogs. The tendency of catheters to invaginate or "grab" tracheobronchial mucosa was observed with a bronchofiberscope during suctioning. Mucosal grabbing was seldom seen even at high (greater than 300 torr) vacuum levels with the cateter tip in the trachea. All catheters were observed to invaginate mucosa in lobar and segmental bronchi, with the frequency of grabbing being a function of airway anatomy, airway size, catheter orientation, tip design, and vacuum level. Catheters with multiple side-holes appeared to invaginate mucosa less frequently than the single side-hole catheter. Repeated suctioning of anesthetized healthy dogs followed by tracheobronchial excision, gross observation, and histologic examination of mucosal tissue biopsies demonstrated significant differences in the frequency and severity of lesions caused by the tracheobronchial suction procedure. All catheters were observed to damage airway lining, the damage related to multiple side-hole catheters appearing to be associated entirely with the act of cateter insertion and not with the application of vacuum. Only the Whistle-Tip design produced measurable damage beyond that related to catheter insertion. The average tip-suctioning effectiveness for each catheter, determined in vitro by aspirating a thin, uniform layer of simulated mucus, was found to be significantly higher for the Tri-Flo and Whistle-Tip catheters than the others, the Aero-Flo being least effective. Preliminary attempts to demonstrate this difference in suctioning effectiveness by comparing the performance of the catheters which displayed the highest and lowest tip suction effectiveness in a standardized clinical suctioning procedure revealed no significant difference in the percentage of mucus removed by either catheter. Additional studies should clarify this apparent contradiction.
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PMID:The influence of suction catheter tip design on tracheobronchial trauma and fluid aspiration efficiency. 94 94

A new examination (bolusmetry) to evaluate the urine transport function of the ureteropelvic system was performed in 7 adult patients with congenital unilateral hydronephrosis. Whistle-tipped Fr. 5 catheters were introduced to each ureter about 5 cm proximal from the ureteral orifice by transurethral endoscopic technique. Bolus volume and frequency, and changes in them caused by furosemide injection, were estimated by using a drop counter which was connected to the terminal end of the ureteral catheter. Bolusmetry was performed comparing the hydronephrotic side and the healthy side, pre and postoperatively, and these results were then compared with a conventional examination. We obtained the following results: Bolus volume of the hydronephrotic side was 0.05 +/- 0.02 (mean +/- S.D.) ml at oliguric state, and it was significantly lower than the value of the healthy side which was 0.19 +/- 0.07 ml. Injection of diuretics increased the bolus volume of the healthy side ten times or more. On the other hand, the bolus volume of the hydronephrotic side was increased only slightly by the injection of furosemide, it being approximately one-fourth of the value of the healthy side. The value of bolus frequency was similar to peristaltic frequency which was measured by the electromyogram. The tendency of a decrease was noticed in bolus frequency of the hydronephrotic side but it was not significant. Of patients with severe hydronephrosis, the bolus volume of the hydronephrotic side was decreased and the response to the diuretics was not so significant. By bolusmetry, functional or organic obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction was detected. Of 3 patients who had nephrectomy or nephrostomy, the kidney function had deteriorated severely. The bolus volume was lower than 0.25 ml at the diuretic state. Bolus volume was increased postoperatively in 3 of 4 patients who had received pelvioplasty. One patient did not show the formation of bolus by the injection of diuretics, and the cause of the hydronephrosis was functional obstruction of the pelvioureteric junction. We concluded that bolusmetry is a valuable method for evaluation of the function of urine transport in the ureteropelvic system. Especially in hydronephrosis, bolusmetry is a useful in the choice of operative procedure, and for postoperative evaluation.
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PMID:The estimation of urine bolus volume for patients with congenital hydronephrosis. 383 29

A redesigned Peak Flow Whistle is described. It was evaluated and compared to the Wright Peak Flow Meter (WPFM) and the Vitalograph Pulmonary Monitor (VPM) using a laboratory flow system. These devices were evaluated for accuracy at steady flows, resistance characteristics, measurement of drift and dynamic accuracy. All devices tested correlated to a significant degree for accuracy at steady flows. The resistance of the WPFM and VPM increased with higher flows, whereas the Cardboard Peak Flow Whistle (CPFW) decreased. After pulsing the CPFW did not show any drift in calibration. The dynamic accuracy of the CPFW was excellent. Thus the accuracy of the CPFW and its lower cost makes it a practical device for measuring peak flows.
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PMID:Report of a newly redesigned Peak Flow Whistle. 670 12

A peak flow (PF) measuring device, the Peak Flow Whistle (PFW), has recently been designed. The principle of a threshold activated reed is utilized to register PF, which differs significantly from the spring distortion mechanism utilized in currently marketed devices. Prototypes of the PFW were tested in the laboratory and in clinical settings as part of our preliminary studies. When compared with a pneumotachograph in the laboratory, the values correlated significantly (p less than .0001). In field studies both in asthmatic and non-asthmatic children, the PFW values correlated significantly (p less than .0001) with those of the Wright Peak Flow Meter and performance was found to be satisfactory.
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PMID:Peak flow whistle: preliminary report. 725 46

Bronchial obstruction by granulation tissue caused atelectasis in ten infants who required frequent suctioning and mechanical ventilation for more than 20 days. The endotracheal suctioning had been performed with a No. 6 or No. 8 French catheter with multiple end and side holes at the tip. Bronchoscopic examination revealed nodular and polypoid granulation at the level of the carina and bronchus, more often on the right side. In five infants, atelectasis was treated with gentle, less frequent suctioning and vigorous pulmonary toilet. Two of these infants died of severe atelectasis and chronic lung disease. Five infants underwent excision or cauterization of granulation tissue. Histopathologic examination of this tissue disclosed inflammation, fibrosis, and squamous metaplasia in each of the five specimens. Eight of the ten infants are alive without symptoms, the oldest being 27 months. Prevention may require critical analysis of suction techniques and the catheter tips employed. Whistle tip catheters should be avoided. Mild obstructive lesions can be managed by gentle and less frequent suctioning and aggressive pulmonary care, but severe obstruction, as determined by a compromise of the lumen of greater than 20%, may require excision or cauterization.
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PMID:Recurrent lobar atelectasis due to acquired bronchial stenosis in neonates. 741 49

Whistle-blowing needs to be explored from a legal perspective. Nurses who become aware of confidential information which they feel is a matter of public concern are faced with a legal as well as a moral dilemma as to when and how they may 'blow the whistle'.
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PMID:Whistle-blowing: a legal perspective. 758 88

The aim of this article is to present the findings concerning scientific fraud that have appeared in case reports. Deliberate scientific fraud does exist. The fact that most of the documented cases have occurred in Anglo-Saxon countries seems to indicate, not that Anglo-Saxons are more prone to scientific fraud, but rather that they have been more successful in bringing it to light. Since 1974, 72 cases have been reported in which there was either conclusive evidence or else a strong presumption of fraud: one case in Switzerland, one in Canada, four in Australia, 14 in Great Britain and 52 in the United States. Fraud is estimated to affect 2-5% of clinical research trials. Referees and readers do not set out to track fraud. The American Commission has proposed the terms "misappropriation, interference, misrepresentation" to define fraud. Voluntary fraud is hidden and its detection delayed. In well-known cases, more than 5 years elapsed before the information reached the scientific community. Whistle blowers must sustain a determined effort to denounce fraud over a period of 1-3 years if they are to trigger an investigation. Some whistle blowers have themselves been accused of fraud because their claims proved so embarrassing. Fraud can lead to severe accidents and generate expenditure that those responsible, or the institutions they work for, will never pay back. Frauders are usually motivated by the desire for material gain or the desire to become well-known. The motivating factor may be personal enrichment, or a need for funds for a not-for-profit association. People found guilt of fraud always have good excuses. Some simply do not realize what they have done. A knowledge of research methodology and critical appraisal methods can help to prevent fraud. Good clinical, laboratory and manufacturing practice can help to prevent misconduct and trickery. Audits and inspections are another essential means of combatting fraud.
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PMID:[Good practice is a means for preventing fraud in clinical research]. 897 80

We tested the extent of emancipation of the Whistle-shake display of male shelducks, Tadorna tadorna, from causal factors controlling its presumed evolutionary precursor, the Body-shake, a comfort movement. Both motor patterns show similarities in form and alternate in a yearly rhythm. First, in an artificial rain experiment, we analysed the influence of a stimulus controlling comfort movements. In spring almost exclusively Whistle-shakes were induced even in the absence of social stimuli, while in summer the birds performed predominantly Body-shakes. This is probably related to the seasonal production of sex hormones. Second, we tested the influence of social stimuli by confronting shelducks with displaying and non-displaying males. During moult when males almost exclusively perform Body-shakes we found no influence of social stimulation on the frequency or form of shakes. However, an effect of social stimulation was found in a period when the drakes gradually replace the Body-shake by the Whistle-shake which is after moult in autumn. In this experiment, birds were confronted with either an empty cage (control), artificial rain, a non-displaying or a displaying male conspecific. In relation to the control situation the birds performed more Whistle-shakes when stimulated socially and more Body-shakes when stimulated with artificial rain. The extent to which both shaking patterns share the same causal factors is discussed. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
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PMID:Influence of comfort and social stimuli on a comfort movement and a display derived from it 948 Jun 79

At Tampa General Hospital, the professionals in the marketing and media relations department know how to stage a press conference and to get the attention of the media. It goes to the adage when you're buying real estate: location, location, location. Once the journalists were assembled, Tampa General launched its campaign to fight street violence: "Blow the Whistle on Violence." Their timing was aided by the release of the FBI's annual Preliminary Crime Report citing Tampa as the second most dangerous city in which to live. Tampa General's news media specialist Stacey Winn reported that "the day went together just like a puzzle with all the pieces coming together." Those pieces and more are detailed in this issue's cover story on community involvement. Street crime and violence are not unique to Tampa, of course. But with so many victims ending up in Tampa General's emergency room, Winn noted that physicians and nurses felt personally responsible for contributing toward the prevention of cases ending up there. One important element in the hospital's press conference was an appearance by one of the victims of the violence they're striving to prevent. Her appearance and statement to the assembled media representatives significantly enhanced the presentation. "Blow the Whistle on Violence" was a low-cost program with a high return. The potential benefits are enormous.
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PMID:Tampa General Hospital "blows the whistle on violence". 1015 41

We tested the agreement of peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurements between an electronic spirometer and a peak flow whistle (Whistle Watch, HarMed, Capetown, South Africa). One hundred and three healthy children between ages 6-13 years and with no previous experience in lung function tests participated in the study. Sequential PEF-readings were obtained from the spirometer and the peak flow whistle; all children had an equal number of attempts using both devices. In the case of the spirometer, the highest PEF reading of three acceptable and reproducible efforts was noted as the best PEF (PEF(SPIRO)). Whistle Watch readings were taken as the highest value when the child could activate the whistle. Despite a strong correlation (r = 0.91; R2 = 83%) between the readings of the spirometer and Whistle Watch, there was a lack of agreement between the two devices. For any individual subject, the 95% probability interval ranged between +30.4 to -47 L.min(-1); 64% of the children obtained higher PEF-values on Whistle Watch, compared to the spirometer. These findings suggest that the whistle sound of the peak flow whistle was a significant incentive, which resulted in greater maximal expiratory efforts.
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PMID:Assessment of a peak flow whistle in nonasthmatic children. 1038 96


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