Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q99581 (FEV)
 3,296 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Because an airway-like inflammation has been reported in the gut of asthmatic patients, we sought to examine the expression of immunoregulatory cytokines like IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 by gut mucosa. To establish this, we initiated this study to examine mRNA expressions of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 in duodenal mucosa from patients with asthma. Duodenal biopsy specimens were obtained from 20 asthmatic patients (10 allergic, 10 nonallergic) and 8 healthy controls. Cytokine mRNA was quantified with reverse transcriptase-competitive PCR, and results were expressed in proportion to the number of beta-actin mRNA in the same sample. IL-10 and IL-4 mRNA were detectable in all patients, whereas no IL-13 mRNA was detected. IL-10 mRNA concentrations were significantly higher in allergic subjects with asthma than in control subjects and nonallergic subjects with asthma. No significant difference was observed for IL-4. IL-10 mRNA expression was not related to asthma severity, FEV(1), blood eosinophilia, or IgE levels. Our results support the hypothesis that IL-10 overexpression may counterbalance the effects of proinflammatory cytokines and mitigate the inflammatory reaction found in gut mucosa of subjects with asthma.
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PMID:Overexpression of IL-10 mRNA in gut mucosa of patients with allergic asthma. 1129 68

The present work introduces a new method to model the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of an inhaled dose of bronchodilator, alternative to classic compartmental representations or computational fluid dynamics. A five compartment PK model comprising alimentary tract absorption (gut), bronchial tree mucosa, bronchial muscles, plasma, and elimination/excretion pathways has been developed. Many anatomical and physiological features of the bronchial tree depend on bronchial generation or on mean distance from the larynx. Among these are diameters, resistances, and receptor density, which determine together the local response to the inhaled drug; integrating these local responses over the whole bronchial tree allows an approximation of total bronchodilator response and airflow resistance. While the PK part of the model reflects classical compartmental assumptions, the PD part adds a simplified geometrical and functional description of the bronchial tree to a typical empirical model of local effect on bronchial muscle, leading to the direct computation of the approximate forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)). In the present work the construction of the model is detailed, with reference to literature data. Simulation of a hypothetical asthmatic subject is employed to illustrate the behaviour of the model in representing the evolution over time of the distribution and pharmacological effect of an inhaled dose of a bronchodilator. The relevance of particle size and drug formulation diffusivity on therapeutic efficacy is discussed.
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PMID:A geometrical approach to the PKPD modelling of inhaled bronchodilators. 2280 73