Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:Q99581 (FEV)
 3,296 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated respiratory infections, most notably Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), but also bacterial pneumonia (BP), result in reductions in lung function that have been studied mainly during the course of acute infection. Whether HIV-associated pneumonias also cause permanent changes in pulmonary function is unknown. In this study we investigated the long-term effects of PCP and BP on pulmonary function in a cohort of HIV-infected persons. One thousand, one hundred forty-nine HIV-infected persons were followed in a prospective, observational cohort study at six centers in the United States. Study participants had pulmonary function testing performed at regular preset intervals. PCP and BP diagnoses were verified with defined criteria. Longitudinal multivariate analysis was used to model pulmonary function in terms of demographic data and occurrence of PCP or BP. We found that PCP or BP was associated with permanent decreases in FEV(1), FVC, FEV(1)/FVC, and the diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide. Neither infection resulted in statistically significant changes in TLC. We conclude that PCP and BP result in expiratory airflow reductions that persist after the acute infection resolves. The clinical implications of these changes are unknown, but they may contribute to prolonged respiratory complaints in HIV-infected patients who have had pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:Permanent declines in pulmonary function following pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons. The Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Study Group. 1093 95

We evaluated the incidence of prophylaxis failure with aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in Japanese patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and we examined the short- and long-term effects of AP on pulmonary function. The patients inhaled 300 mg of pentamidine by ultrasonic nebulizer, after the inhalation of procaterol (80 micrograms), every 4 weeks. PCP developed in 2 of 16 patients receiving primary prophylaxis with AP, and in 4 of 13 patients with secondary prophylaxis. The CD4(+) T-lymphocyte count was very low in the patients with prophylaxis failure. The chest radiographic presentations were atypical in 4 of the 6 patients with prophylaxis failure. There were no significant changes in the vital capacity (VC), VC/predictive VC (%VC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1.0)), FEV(1.0)/forced vital capacity (FEV(1.0)%), and maximum expiratory flow rate at 25% of vital capacity (MEF(25))/height comparing values before and after initial AP treatment. However, a reduction of oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) of over 3% was noted in 4 patients during the initial AP administration. In 9 patients receiving AP prophylaxis for more than 36 months, we compared the pulmonary function parameters between the baseline and final observations (mean, 52.7 months). There were no changes in VC, %VC, FEV(1.0,) FEV(1.0)%, and SpO(2), but there was a statistically significant decline in MEF(25)/height after long-term AP treatment. We concluded that the incidence of prophylaxis failure with AP for PCP in Japanese patients was similar to that in Western patients, and that long-term AP treatment affected MEF(25)/height in spite of the safe pulmonary effects in short-term AP inhalation.
 ...
PMID:Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis against AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and its short- and long-term effects on pulmonary function in the Japanese. 1282 19