Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q96DG6 (Pseudomonas)
 76,258 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied on the antibacterial activity of gentamicin against various pathogens isolated from clinical materials mainly isolated during 1974 and 1975, comparing with other antibiotics. Beta hemolytic streptococci, pneumococci and enterococci are less susceptible to gentamicin than staphylococci. Staph, aureus and Staph. epidermidis resistant to various antibiotics are very susceptible to gentamicin, and no resistant strain to this drug was found. Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae and H. parahaemolyticus are very susceptible to gentamicin, and there is no resistant strain to this drug. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Serratia and five species of Proteus are more susceptible to gentamicin and tobramycin than dibekacin and amikacin. A few resistant or less susceptible strains to gentamicin are found in E. coli, Citrobacerr, Serratia, Pr. morganii and Pr. rettgeri. Pr. inconstans is less susceptible to gentamicin than other species of Proteus. Antibacterial activity of gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa is very strong, but dibekacin and tobramycin are stronger. Gentamicin-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are now rather few.
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PMID:[Gentamicin-susceptibility of various pathogens isolated from clinical materials]. 0 19

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the synthesis of histidase, urocanase and amidase is severly repressed when succinate is added to a culture growing in pyruvate + ammonium salts medium. When growth is nitrogen-limited, catabolite repression by succinate of histidase and urocanase synthesis does not occur but succinate repression of amidase synthesis persists. Amidase synthesis is not regulated in the same way as histidase synthesis by the availability of other nitrogen compounds for growth. Growth of P. aeruginosa strain PACI in succinate + histidine media is nitrogen-limited since this strain is defective in a histidine transport system. When methyl-ammonium chloride is added to succinate + histidine media, growth inhibition occurs. Mutants isolated from succinate + histidine + methylammonium chloride plates were found to be resistant to catabolite repression by succinate even in ammonium salts media. It is suggested that the hut genes of P. aeruginosa may be regulated in the same way as in Klebsiella aerogenes, by induction by urocanate and activation by either the cyclic AMP-dependent activator protein or by glutamine synthetase.
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PMID:The effect of nitrogen limitation on catabolite repression of amidase, histidase and urocanase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 0 23

The effect of specific immunization on the antibacterial defense mechanisms of the murine lung was assessed against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus (Smith), Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Immunization by aerosol inhalation significantly enhanced the intrapulmonary killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis but not the remaining organisms. With P. mirabilis, systemic immunization induced higher titers of specific serum agglutinins as compared with local respiratory tract immunization; however, local immunization was more effective in enhancing pulmonary bactericidal activity than was parenteral vaccination. Passive immunity against P. mirabilis or aerogenic challenge with preopsonized P. mirabilis significantly enhanced intrapulmonary killing of the homologous organism. With S. aureus, pulmonary bactericidal activity was not accelerated by aerosol challenge with the preopsonized organism, nor was it accelerated in passively immunized mice. These data demonstrate that the immune enhancement of pulmonary bactericidal activity is governed by the bacterium used for challenge and the route of immunization. The results further demonstrate that with P. mirabilis, antibody-mediated mechanisms are involved in the immune enhancement of pulmonary bactericidal activity.
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PMID:Factors influencing the immune enhancement of intrapulmonary bactericidal mechanisms. 0 64

Netilmicin (Sch 20569) is an ethyl derivative of gentamicin C(1a) that is active against most Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Among 342 clinical isolates tested, all staphylococci; 92% of Escherichia coli, 93% of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 92% of Enterobacter were inhibited by 0.8 mug or less of netilmicin per ml, but only 78% of P. aeruginosa were inhibited by 3.1 mug or less per ml. Most clinical isolates of enterococci, Serratia marcescens, and Providencia were not inhibited by 3.1 mug of netilmicin per ml. Like other aminoglycosides, the netilmicin in vitro activity was markedly influenced by the growth medium used, with activity decreased by sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Netilmicin was more active at alkaline pH. Addition of magnesium to Pseudomonas or Serratia pretreated with netilmicin produced inhibition of killing. Netilmicin was more active than gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, or amikacin against E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Netilmicin inhibited growth of all gentamicin-resistant isolates of Klebsiella and Citrobacter tested, but only 73% of E. coli; Pseudomonas and Providencia were resistant to netilmicin. Most Serratia (95%) and indole-positive Proteus (83%) isolates were resistant to netilmicin but were inhibited by amikacin.
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PMID:In vitro study of netilmicin compared with other aminoglycosides. 1 Aug 29

In this study the author reported upon a practical new system for screening and identifying the microbial agents causing urinary tract infections. This system is composed of a combination of 3 screening procedures (pH-value + nitrite-test + catalase-test) and 8 selective culture media for the purpose of genus identification within 24 hours (Uripret-G). A total of 130 cultures was investigated. The employed microorganisms were mainly recovered from urine samples. They included the following species: Candida albicans, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus inconstans, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus morganii, Proteus rettgeri, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium. Employing coded cultures not only monoinfections but also multiinfections in urine samples were simulated. Under the circumstances of investigation it was possible with the help of the new system to reidentify the genera of all but two of the 130 employed microorganisms.
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PMID:[Approach to a practical method for screening and identifying microorganism genera from urine (author's transl)]. 1 Nov 79

In a three-minute exposure in vitro Jodonal A devitalized a culture of serological group B streptococci in a 2% concentration, Staphylococcus aureus in a 16% concentration, Pneumococcus in a 4.5% concentration, Corynebacterium pyogenes in a 2.5% concentration, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a 3% concentration, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a 2% concentration. Hence Jodonal A concentrations higher than 16% should be tested for udder teat disinfection after the removal of teat cups.
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PMID:[Devitalizing effect of Jodonal A in vitro on bacteria subject to a short-term exposure]. 1 78

The activity of azlocillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin, was determined against 582 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci. Over 75% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited at a concentration of 12.5 mug or less per ml. Azlocillin is also active against indole-negative and -positive Proteus spp., inhibiting 98 and 71%, respectively, at a concentration of 12.5 mug or less per ml. Isolates of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. showed less susceptibility than isolates of Escherichia coli and Serratia spp. Gram-positive cocci except penicillin G-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to azlocillin. Azlocillin failed to inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacilli when large inocula were used. It was more active in alkaline pH, but the type of medium used had little effect on its activity. Azlocillin was more active than mezlocillin, ticarcillin, and carbenicillin and as active as BLP-1654 against isolates of P. aeruginosa. It was not as active as mezlocillin against the majority of the other gram-negative bacilli.
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PMID:Azlocillin: in vitro studies of a new semisynthetic penicillin. 1 83

The capacity of enteric bacteria (E. coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, Shigella and Klebsiella) to catalyze the covalent binding of benzo(a)pyrene (BP), cholic acid, deoxycholic acid and cholesterol was investigated. In general, these bacteria were incapable of activating BP to a covalently bound product with calf thymus DNA. Metabolism studies of BP by fluorometric assay failed to indicate any accumulation of BP-3-hydroxy in the incubation medium. Detailed metabolic investigation with high-pressure liquid chromatography indicated that these bacteria did not produce any known metabolites which are formed by mammalian systems. However, radioactivity was detected in all fractions, suggesting that the bacteria were readily metabolizing BP into smaller molecules for energy and carbon sources. Although the enteric bacteria did not metabolize BP into known metabolites, some were capable of activating cholesterol, cholic acid and deoxycholic acid to covalently bound products with DNA. The binding data with cholesterol and bile acids also suggested that the binding process required NADPH as a cofactor because binding level was rather low without NADPH.
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PMID:The ability of enteric bacteria to catalyze the covalent binding of bile acids and cholesterol to DNA and their in ability to metabolize benzo(a)pyrene to a binding product and to known metabolites. 1 50

In the initial therapy of life-threatening infections in which a bacterial cause is suspected, the emphasis should be on broad antibiotic coverage in contrast to definitive therapy, which is dependent on microbial isolation and, when indicated, in vitro susceptibility tests. In severe infections, antimicrobial agents should be given parenterally, at least initially. The need for optimal dosage is emphasized. This is particularly important when aminoglycosides are administered, for there is a tendency to use inadequate dosage because of concern for potential side effects with these agents. The problems leading to recurrence and persistence of fever during antimicrobial therapy include failure to diagnose and drain abscesses, superinfection, drug fever, and clinical or microbiologic errors. Combinations of antibiotics are indicated in severe infections in severe infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcal group D streptococci, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Laboratory aid for the selection of antimicrobial therapy can be of great value but need not always be done, because certain microorganisms have stable, predictable susceptibilities, for example, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Cautious conservatism is advocated with regard to the use of new antimicrobial agents.
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PMID:General principles of antimicrobial therapy. 2 May 38

1-N HAPA gentamicin B is a new aminoglycoside active against most Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Among 504 clinical isolates at a concentration of 12.5 microgram/ml all Staph. aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus rettgeri, Providencia and 78% of Pseudomonas, 86% of Proteus morganii were inhibited. Like other aminoglycosides, the activity was greatest at an alkaline ph and reduced by high cations concentrations. 1-N HAPA gentamicin B was equal in activity to amikacin against both gentamicin-sensitive and resistant isolates. It inhibited bacteria containing many of the aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes. When combined with carbenicillin it inhibited in a synergistic manner many Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas and Serratia.
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PMID:1-N HAPA gentamicin B, a new aminoglycoside active against gentamicin resistant isolates--activity compared to other aminoglycosides. 2 94


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