Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q96DG6 (Pseudomonas)
 76,258 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The membrane feeding technique (in vitro feeding) used for the rearing of tsetse flies has advantages over the conventional method of feeding the flies on host animals. However, as long as blood remains the sole source of tsetse fly nutrition, the risk remains of blood being contaminated during collection, storage or feeding with bacteria pathogenic to the flies. The resulting high mortality of the tsetse flies endangers the success of this rearing. The experiments described here have shown that Glossina m. morsitans Westw. are more sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa than G. p. palpalis Rob.-Desv. Rearing experiments over several years have confirmed this finding in that the latter species has never been threatened by high bacterial-induced mortality, whereas in 1973-74, due to contamination of the in vitro fed blood, a population of G. m. morsitans was difficult to colonize. The quantity of infected blood intake (14 to 70 mg) had no influence on the survival rate. However, when flies were infected once with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (dilution stage of 10(-3)), the organisms were eliminated after only nine days in living G. p. palpalis, but after 14 days in living G. m. morsitans. Females were infected at different stages of pregnancy but the same bacteria were not isolated in any puparia. Therefore, transmission of the bacteria to larvae growing in the uterus could not be demonstrated. All antibiotics used, to which bacteria isolated from tsetse flies in the laboratory were sensitive, caused a reduction in productivity. Parental females as well as females which emerged from larvae deposited by these flies (= F1-generation) 6 days after the administration of the drug to the pregnant females showed a similar loss in productivity. This corresponds with a degeneration of mesenteric symbionts. The most successful way to cope with bacterial infection in the membrane feeding technique in the rearing of tsetse flies has proved to be prophylactic measures, i.e. sterile membranes, sterile underlying aluminium trays and sterile blood. The methods employed at this laboratory, where up to 20 000 flies are being fed daily through membranes, have prevented dangerous bacterial infections in both species.
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PMID:[Effect of bacterial infections and antibiotics on tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae) (author's transl)]. 4 47

For the purpose of studying the role of elastase and protease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bacterial infection in burns, the effects of the vaccines made from each enzyme, their toxoids and OEP on protection against infection in burned mice were studied. Elastase, protease, toxoids of the enzymes, two- or three-component-mixed vaccines and OEP demonstrated significant protection. Toxoids of elastase and protease produced effects similar to those of the enzymes themselves but no synergistic effect in mixed vaccine was detected. Elastase was significantly more effective than protease, the three-component-mixed vaccine or OEP in protecting mice against P. aeruginosa infection in burns.
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PMID:Effects of elastase, protease and common antigen (OEP) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on protection against burns in mice. 41 53

Botryomycosis is a chronic, granulomatous, bacterial infection in which grains are produced. Clinically, it may not be distinguished from a mycetoma of fungal origin. A case is reported in which the causative organisms were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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PMID:Botryomycosis. A bacterial cause of mycetoma. 44 38

The effects of cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate on numbers of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) and on inflammatory response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to bacterial infection in the lung were studied in guinea pigs. Groups of animals were treated for 7 days with each drug alone or in combination. Bronchoalveolar lavage was carried out on the day after completion of the drug regimens. Selected animals were challenged via the trachea with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 hours before lavage. Single-drug therapy did not significantly decrease numbers of PAM in lavage fluids, but combined therapy led to a 60 per cent (P less than 0.01) decrease in numbers of PAM. Normal animals and cortisone-treated animals responded 2 hours after Pseudomonas lung challenge with a 4-fold increase in PMN in lavage fluid, wherease animals treated with cyclophosphamide or the combined-drug regimen failed in this response. The clearance of viable Pseudomonas organisms from bronchoalveolar fluids was inhibited only in animals treated with both cyclophosphamide and cortisone. Thus, only a combined regimen of cyclophosphamide plus cortisone led to the simultaneous occurrence of decreased numbers of PAM, as well as inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte inflammation in the lung. Combined immunosuppressive drug regimens may result in more severe alterations in lung host defense for the clearance of bacteria than does single-drug therapy.
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PMID:Differential effects of cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate on bronchoalveolar phagocytic cell populations. 69 82

BALB/c-derived athymic, nude (nu/nu) mice exhibited a heightened natural resistance to experimental corneal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa when compared with their heterozygote (nu/+) littermates. Stereomicroscopic examination of the eyes of nu/nu mice 24 h after corneal trauma and topical bacterial application revealed slightly cloudy corneas (iris visible), whereas nu/+ littermate corneas were opaque (iris not visible). Nu/+ mice failed to resolve the infection, and endophthalmitis and shrinkage of the infected eye occurred in these mice within 2 weeks after experimental Pseudomonas infection, as in the parent BALB/c strain. However, nu/nu mice, similarly infected, resolved the infection within 24 h and never exhibited full corneal opacity or eye shrinkage. Histological examination of the corneas of nu/nu mice 24 h after experimental wounding and bacterial application demonstrated subepithelial capillaries and a few polymorphonuclear neutrophils (with numerous intracellular bacteria) in the central cornea. In contrast, the equivalent corneal areas of infected nu/+ littermates, examined similarly, showed a more striking neutrophilic response (but with few intracellular bacteria) to similar bacterial infection, as well as a lack of blood vessels within the central cornea. The central corneas of uninfected and saline control nu/nu mice also were observed. This area in nu/nu mice exhibited an infrequent polymorphonuclear neutrophil (with no intracellular bacteria) and capillaries similar in size and location to those described for experimentally infected nu/nu mouse corneas. Untreated and saline control nu/+ mice, on the other hand, lacked both vessels and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the central cornea.
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PMID:Heightened resistance of athymic, nude (nu/nu) mice to experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa ocular infection. 73 Mar 84

Bacterial infection may complicate pulmonary oxygen (O2) toxicity, and animals exposed to high O2 concentrations show depressed in vivo pulmonary bacterial inactivation. Therefore, in vitro studies were undertaken to define the mechanism by which O2 alters pulmonary antibacterial activity. Normal and BCG pretreated rabbits were exposed to 100% O2 for 24, 48, and 72-h periods. Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) were obtained from the experimental animals and from nonoxygen exposed controls by bronchopulmonary lavage. O2 exposure did not alter cell yield or morphology. PAMs were suspended in 10% serum-buffer, and phagocytosis of (14C)Staphylococcus aureus 502A and (14C)Pseudomonas aeruginosa was measured. Comparison of the precent uptake of the 14C-labeled S. aureus after a 60-min incubation period demonstrated that normal PAMs exposed to O2 for 48 h showed a statistically significant increase in phagocytosis when compared to their controls (43.5 vs. 29.2%). A similar, but smaller increase was seen after 24-h O2 exposures. 48 and 72-h O2 exposures produced no significant changes in phagocytosis in PAMs from BCG-stimulated rabbits. Normal PAMs also showed an increased phagocytosis of Ps. aeruginosa after 48-h oxygen exposure. No impairment of in vitro bactericidal activity against either S. aureus 502A or Ps. aeruginosa could be demonstrated in PAMs from normal rabbits exposed to O2 for 48 h. These results indicate that the in vitrophagocytic and bactericidal capacity of the rabbit PAM is relatively resistant to the toxic effects of oxygen, and that imparied in vivo activity may possibly be mediated by effects other than irreversible metabolic damage to these cells. The mechanism for the observed stimulation of phagocytosis remains to be determined.
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PMID:Effects of oxygen exposure on it vitro function of pulmonary alveolar macrophages. 80 1

An outbreak of melioidosis, a bacterial infection caused by Pseudomonas pseudomallei, was identified in a batch of feral cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) imported to Britain from the Philippines. Thirteen confirmed or possible cases occurred among a batch of 50 animals. Subsequent investigations revealed that the infection was uncommon among imported primates from a variety of sources, although three other cases were identified in monkeys imported from Indonesia. The majority of the affected monkeys had splenic abscesses, and hepatic abscesses and infections of the soft tissues and skin were also frequently observed. Most of the infected animals had no clinical signs despite extensive abscesses, and the presence of infection was only suspected when they were shown to have serum antibodies to P pseudomallei by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although there was no evidence of cross infection of other animals or human handlers, this outbreak is a reminder of the dangers of working with wild-caught primates and the potential for the establishment of environmental foci of melioidosis.
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PMID:An outbreak of melioidosis in imported primates in Britain. 127 82

A modified recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), KW-2228, has some excellent properties such as high specific activity in stimulating granulocyte colony-formation in vitro, great biological stability in plasma, good pharmacokinetic profile and high potency in granulopoiesis in normal mice in vivo. Recently, the application of G-CSF against infectious diseases has been considered, and some animal experiments have been carried out to support its in clinical applications. Patients with underlying diseases such as leukemia or cancer often have recurrent infections because of reduced number and functions of neutrophils, which mediate an early stage of host defense. We investigated the prophylactic effect of KW-2228 against an experimental systemic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in tumor-bearing mice (colon 26: BALB/c) treated with cyclophosphamide. KW-2228 (0.25-2.0 micrograms/mouse) was administered (s.c.) once a day for 4 days before the experimental bacterial infection. As a result of KW-2228 administration, the reduction in peripheral blood neutrophils usually caused by the injection with cyclophosphamide was prevented markedly. KW-2228 displayed excellent protective potency dose-dependently against the infection with P. aeruginosa in tumor-bearing mice. These data show the possibility that prophylactic therapy with KW-2228 may augment the host defense of immunocompromised patients to infections. It present, clinical efficacy studies on KW-2228 are under way.
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PMID:[Protective effect of KW-2228 in a systemic infection model of CPA-treated tumor-bearing mice]. 137 51

A modified recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), KW-2228, has some excellent properties such as high specific activity in stimulating granulocyte colony-formation in vitro, great biological stability in plasma, good pharmacokinetic profile and high potency in granulopoiesis in normal mice in vivo. Recently, the application of G-CSF against infectious diseases has been considered, and some animal experiments have been carried out to support its clinical applications. Patients with underlying diseases such as leukemia and cancer often have recurrent infections because of reduced numbers or functions of neutrophils, which mediate an early stage of host defense. In out present study, we established a new method to evaluate in vivo potency of G-CSF in colon 26 tumor-bearing mice. By using the method, we examined combination effects of KW-2228 with aminoglycoside antibiotics against a systemic infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. KW-2228 (1 microgram/mouse/day) was administered (s.c.) once a day for 4 days before the bacterial infection was introduced in colon 26 tumor-bearing mice receiving cyclophosphamide 3 days after the transplantation of tumor. Antibiotics were administered (s.c.) 2 hours after the introduction of the bacterial infection. ED50 of gentamicin (GM) alone and that of the combination with KW-2228 were 40.7 mg/kg and 3.6 mg/kg, respectively. ED50 of astromicin (ASTM) alone and that of the combination with KW-2228 were 386 mg/kg and 17.8 mg/kg, respectively. Thus the combination therapy of KW-2228 with GM or ASTM exhibited excellent protective effects in comparison to the treatment with antibiotic alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Combination effect of KW-2228 and aminoglycoside antibiotics on systemic infection in cyclophosphamide-treated tumor-bearing mice]. 137 53

The adherence of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the epithelium of the gallbladders obtained from 32 patients with negative bile culture was quantified by a scanning electron microscope. Of the gallbladders, 5 were histologically normal (group A), 21 had chronic calculus cholecystitis (group B), and 6 had acute calculus cholecystitis (group C). The data were expressed as the mean +/- S.D. of the numbers of adherent bacteria to 1,000 microns2 of the gallbladder epithelium. The number of adherent E. coli were 0.1 +/- 0.2 in group A, 4.2 +/- 2.8 in group B, and 9.2 +/- 3.3 in group C. A similar result was also observed with P. aeruginosa. The number of adherent bacteria, both of E. coli and P. aeruginosa were significantly higher in group C than in groups A and B, and were also significantly higher in group B compared to group A. The amount of bacterial adherence paralleled that of the degree of epithelial damage, and the normal epithelium proved to have an inhibiting ability. Thus, a secondary bacterial infection is more likely to happen in patients with contaminated bile, and therefore, the treatment for acute cholecystitis should be based either on the results of a bile culture or according to predictive factors for bactibilia.
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PMID:Bacterial adherence to human gallbladder epithelium. 147 89


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