Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:Q86TM3 (cage)
 29,987 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two out of 9 weanling hamsters, treated with intravenous inoculation of highly concentrated human papovavirus BK, propagated in human embryonic kidney cells, developed osteogenic sarcomas of the costal cage and the mandibula. The sera of the tumor-bearing animals were positive for BK T-antigen and the successively transplanted tumors were positive for intranuclear T-antigen when tested with anti-SV40 T-antibody by immunofluorescence. The tumor tissue exhibited various stages of maturation, from areas showing immature sarcoma and angiomatous sarcoma to those of well-differentiated osteogenic sarcoma. Tumor histology was described in detail.
 ...
PMID:Characteristics of osteogenic sarcoma of hamsters induced by BK virus. 624 35

Wistar Shionogi rats of the (od/od) substrain with the osteogenic disorder are unable to synthesize L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and appear to be an appropriate animal model for studying the effect of L-AA in carcinogenesis. To determine the minimal L-AA requirements of these animals for prolonged survival in a satisfactory physical condition during experimentation, four concentrations of L-AA (0.33 g/l, 0.67 g/l, 1.67 g/l and 3.33 g/l) were administered via drinking water to four groups of animals (n = 2). Their water intake per cage was recorded three times weekly and the plasma L-AA levels were determined at the start, after 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks and at the termination of the experiment. To simulate the procedures to be undertaken in oral mucosal carcinogenesis experiments, the animals were gently restrained and a designated amount of sterile NaCl was applied to the palatal mucosa three times a week for 26 weeks. The L-AA supplement group with the lowest concentration (0.33 g/l L-AA) achieved mean plasma levels of 7 +/- 1.38 microM, approximately one-eighth that of the normal level (mean plasma L-AA level in outbred Wistar rats was found to be 58 +/- 3 microM) whilst those in the higher supplement group (3.33 g/l L-AA) achieved a mean of 18 +/- 1.25 microM. All of the animals employed in the present study survived for 26 weeks and showed no clinical signs of L-AA deficiency during this period.
 ...
PMID:Determination of the L-ascorbic acid requirements in Wistar osteogenic disorder Shionogi rats for prolonged carcinogenesis experiments. 893 21

Porous titanium-nickel (PTN) implants represent an alternative to traditional intervertebral fusion cages. Indeed, PTN materials possess interconnecting pores with cell capillarity properties that may promote bone ingrowth and intervertebral fusion without the need for bone grafting. In this study, a PTN intervertebral fusion device was compared to a conventional TiAlV cage packed with autologous bone in a sheep model. The two devices were implanted at two noncontiguous intervertebral lumbar sites for 3, 6, and 12 months. PTN osseointegration showed a time-dependent trend increasing from 21.4% to 37.6% (3-12 months), whereas TiAlV cages remained at the same level of bone ingrowth (22.7%-25.4%; 3-12 months). Furthermore, PTN bone apposition (10.9%-24.2%; 3-12 months) was significantly higher than that of TiAlV implants (1.1%-5.1%; 3-12 months; p < 0.001, ANOVA). Radiological fusion scores increased with postsurgery time regardless of material type, but were consistently superior for PTN (12.5-18.5; 3-12 months) than for TiAlV cages (2.0-15.0; 3-12 months; p < 0.001, ANOVA). Implant materials were not significantly different according to the radiological interbody index based on preoperative disc height: Interbody index began at 132.6% (PTN) and 123.5% (TiAlV) immediately after surgery, then declined to 80.8% (PTN) and 91.0% (TiAlV) after 12 months. Nevertheless, ungrafted PTN constituted an excellent substrate for osteogenic cell integration and represents a new osteoconductive biomaterial with improved fusion characteristics in comparison to conventional TiAlV cages.
 ...
PMID:Porous titanium-nickel for intervertebral fusion in a sheep model: part 1. Histomorphometric and radiological analysis. 1251 85

We employed a novel method to exercise rats: making them rise to bipedal stance for feeding using raised cages. We studied its effects on the skeletons of 6 and 10-month-old intact or orchidectomized (ORX) rats. Body and hindlimb muscle weights, tibial BMC and periosteal cortical bone formation increased after housing in raised cages, but more so in 6-month-old animals than in 10-month-old ones. In 6-month-old orchidectomized rats, raised cages partially prevented ORX-induced bone loss by stimulating periosteal cortical bone (TX) formation and decreased bone resorption next to marrow. In 10-month-old male orchidectomized rats, raised cages also decreased the endosteal and trabecular bone resorption, but not enough to prevent completely ORX-induced net bone losses. Because the osteogenic effects of raised cages alone were only partial, we also studied the interaction between raised cage and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in 10-month-old retired female breeders. When treated with combined raised cage and PGE(2), both cortical (TX) and trabecular bone mass of the proximal tibial metaphysis and lumbar vertebral body increased over either raised cages or PGE(2) treatment alone, that was accompanied by dramatic increased bone formation at periosteal and endosteal surfaces. Thus making rats rise to erect bipedal stance for feeding helps to prevent bone loss after orchidectomy; it amplifies the anabolic effects of PGE(2), and it provides an inexpensive, non-invasive and reliable way to increase mechanical loading of certain bones of the rat skeleton.
 ...
PMID:A novel method to 'exercise' rats: making rats rise to erect bipedal stance for feeding - raised cage model. 1575 98

The surgical technique of anterior vertebral arthrodesis has been modified by the introduction of cages in spinal surgery. The classical technique recommends removal of the vertebral endplate and exposure of bleeding cancellous bone. However, after the observation of cage subsidence during postoperative follow-up, the vertebral endplate is no longer removed, due to its greater mechanical resistance which can prevent cage subsidence. The mechanical characteristics of the vertebral endplate are well known, in contrast to its osteogenic potential, which was investigated in the present experimental study. The study was conducted on mongrel dogs of both sexes, which were submitted to anterior corpectomy at the cervical spine level. A cortico-cancellous bone graft removed from the tibia was used for the reconstruction of the vertebral segment, which was used with osteosynthesis plates. At the site of contact between the surface of the vertebral body and the bone graft, the vertebral endplate was completely removed and cancellous bone was exposed in the inferior vertebra, whereas in the superior vertebra of the arthrodesed vertebral segment only curettage was performed, and the vertebral endplate was preserved, as recommended for cage implantation. Twenty adult dogs of both sexes were divided into four experimental groups according to time of sacrifice (15, 30, 90, and 180 days). The consolidation of the bone graft with the vertebral body was evaluated by histology using hematoxilin-eosin and Gomori trichrome staining. In the interface between the bone graft and the vertebral body surface in which the vertebral endplate was not removed, graft consolidation was not observed in any of the group I animals (sacrificed after 15 days), and was observed in 1/5 animals of group II (30 days), in 2/5 animals of group III (90 days), and in 4/5 animals of group IV (180 days). In the interface between the graft and the vertebral body in which the vertebral endplate was removed, bone-graft consolidation was observed in all animals of all experimental groups (15, 30, 90, and 180 days). Bone-graft consolidation with the surface of the vertebral body was influenced by the removal or maintenance of the vertebral endplate. Due to the importance of this structure in current surgical procedures, this phenomenon deserves to be studied in more detail in order to understand the basic events involved in this process.
 ...
PMID:Experimental study of the participation of the vertebral endplate in the integration of bone grafts. 1584 71

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (rhOP-1) with a carboxymethylcellulose-stabilized collagenous carrier as a bone graft substitute for instrumented lumbar spinal fusion in an established goat model. Twenty goats received a resorbable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) interbody cage packed with either rhOP-1 and its carrier or autologous bone graft. The carrier material was bovine collagen type-1 stabilized with carboxymethylcellulose. The fusion segments were retrieved at 3 or 6 months postimplantation and evaluated by radiographic and histologic analyses. The rhOP-1 graft substitute, used in combination with the resorbable PLLA cage, showed inferior results as compared to autologous bone graft in the goat lumbar fusion model. Whereas four out of five segments from the autograft group were fused after 6 months, none of the four segments receiving the rhOP-1 graft substitute were fused at this time point. Bone ingrowth into the cage was delayed or absent in the experimental group, whereas all autograft specimens showed advanced bone ingrowth (3 months) or fusion (6 months). We suggest that the fusion process was inhibited, because cells were unable to penetrate the rhOP-1 graft material. This led to delayed bone formation and in some cases inadequate tissue formation.
 ...
PMID:Lumbar body fusion with a bioresorbable cage in a goat model is delayed by the use of a carboxymethylcellulose-stabilized collagenous rhOP-1 device. 1704 58

Exercise that imparts rapid, high-magnitude mechanical loading is considered to be advantageous to bone health. Previous rodent studies have suggested that swimming may also be beneficial to bone. We investigated the differential effects of exercise with and without weight bearing on cortical and trabecular bone. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats (120 days) were weight-stratified and randomized into four groups: swim control (Cs, n = 10), swim (S, n = 10), treadmill control (Ct, n = 10), and treadmill (T, n = 10). Treadmill speed was adjusted to match the average limb loading frequency used for swimming, and all training progressed to 1 hour/day, 5 days/week, for 12 weeks. Femurs and humeri were assessed for cortical morphometry by peripheral quantitative computed tomography, areal bone mineral density (BMD) by peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, mineral content by ashing, strength by three-point bending, and trabecular volume (BV/TV) by micro-computed tomography. Swimming was associated with increases in cortical thickness and BMD in the humerus midshaft and trabecular BV/TV in the distal femur and proximal humerus compared with age-matched controls. Compared to swimming, treadmill training was associated with increases in percent ash of the femur and humerus and Young's modulus of the femur. Swimming appears to engender novel bone strains and osteogenic adaptations in the humerus and femur, which are different from those induced by normal cage activity. In summary, our findings suggest that when limb loading frequency is matched, swimming may afford greater benefits to cortical and trabecular bone than uphill treadmill work in rats.
 ...
PMID:Adaptations in cortical and trabecular bone in response to mechanical loading with and without weight bearing. 1716 74

The use of cages of different material and shapes for cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) has increased during the last few years. The use of additional osteogenic material is controversial. We prospectively evaluated an empty, Plasmapore-covered titanium cage (PCTC) in 45 patients undergoing 58 ACDFs. Patients were evaluated using standard clinical and radiological criteria. Good to excellent outcome was achieved in 93%, 78% and 75% after 3, 12 and 48 months, respectively. Sixty-five percent of patients could resume their prior work after 48 months. Disc space height and lordosis could be preserved in all cases. Two percent of the treated levels showed subsidence and 2% increased segmental motion. There were no procedure-related complications. Implantation of an empty PCTC after microsurgical anterior cervical discectomy is a safe procedure with good results and low incidence of complications. Disc height and lordosis can be preserved with low incidence of subsidence and good fusion rates.
 ...
PMID:Use of an empty, Plasmapore-covered titanium cage for interbody fusion after anterior cervical microdiscectomy. 1803 46

We developed previously a mouse voluntary climbing exercise model as a physiological mechanical loading model and reported that climbing exercise increased bone formation, but its effect on adipogenesis is unknown. We assessed the effects of loading and PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTHR1) on bone marrow adipocyte differentiation in relation with osteoblast differentiation. 8-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were divided into ground control (GC) and climbing exercise (EX) group. Mice were housed in 100-cm towers and climbed up toward a bottle placed at the top of the cage to drink water. The values of bone volume and osteoblast number were significantly higher while those of marrow adipocyte volume and number were significantly lower in the 28dayEX group than 28dayGC group. The mRNA expression levels of adipocyte differentiation genes CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) beta and delta were lower in 4dayEX mice, while the adipocyte specific genes fatty acid binding protein (aP2) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expressions were lower in 7dayEX mice. In primary bone marrow cell cultures, the number of alkaline phosphatase-positive colony forming units-fibroblastic (ALP+ CFU-f) and Oil-red-O-positive cells were both increased in the 4dayEX group. Climbing exercise transiently increases both osteogenic and adipogenic potential in bone marrow stromal cells, and inhibits terminal adipocyte differentiation and promotes osteoblast differentiation. Immunoreactivity for the PTHR1 was intense on osteoblastic cell lineage in the endosteal tibial metaphysis. PTHR1 mRNA expression was increased in 4dayEX mice and PTHR1-positive cells were increased after 7 days in the experimental group. Ex vivo addition of PTHR1 antibody decreased and that of PTHrP(1-34) increased the number of ALP+ CFU-f in bone marrow cell cultures obtained at 4 days after the exercise, while the addition of PTHR1 antibody increased and PTHrP(1-34) decreased the number of Oil-red-O-positive cells. Our results indicate that climbing exercise enhanced osteoblast differentiation and inhibited terminal differentiation of adipocyte progenitors with high expression of PTHR1 in bone marrow cells.
 ...
PMID:Climbing exercise enhances osteoblast differentiation and inhibits adipogenic differentiation with high expression of PTH/PTHrP receptor in bone marrow cells. 1856 52

To investigate the role that the micro/nano-environment plays on the differentiation pathway of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into osteoblasts, we employed a 2D substrate coated with turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) particles. TYMV is a non-enveloped icosahedral plant virus which has an average diameter 28 nm and the protein cage structure consists of 180 identical subunits. The temporal effect of TYMV coated substrate on the adhesion and differentiation capacity of the BMSCs was monitored for selected time periods of 7, 14 and 21 days. We examined the gene expression profile of BMSCs cultured in primary media (undifferentiated cells) and cells induced to osteoblast lineage by real time PCR analysis. To further corroborate our findings, we investigated the expression of osteogenic markers using immunohistochemistry and cytochemical staining. As expected, the genes involved in the process of osteogenic differentiation were activated more during the growth of cells under osteogenic media. In addition, we found that the BMSCs induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation on TYMV coated substrates formed fully mineralized nodules comprising of osteoblast-like cells around day 14. Comparing the gene expression pattern of BMSCs induced to osteogenic differentiation under standard culture conditions with the cells induced on TYMV substrates, we found significant differences in the temporal expression and level of expression of several key genes. Our findings indicate that TYMV, as a biogenic nanoparticle, can be employed as a model to modulate the nano-environment of the substrates in order to gain an insight into the role that the micro/nano-environment has in regulating adhesion, growth and differentiation of BMSCs towards osteogenic lineage, which will be vital for designing compatible biomaterials for tissue engineering purposes.
 ...
PMID:The promotion of osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells by a polyvalent plant mosaic virus. 1864 40


1 2 3 Next >>