Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q86TM3 (cage)
 29,987 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a 71-year-old female patient with primary alveolar hypoventilation syndrome who received diaphragm pacing (DP) and developed obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Application of nCPAP markedly improved her nocturnal hypoxemia. The monitored polygrams before and after the application strongly suggested that the main mechanism of OSAS was an imbalance of activity between upper airway dilator muscles and pump muscles. Moreover, paradoxical movement of the rib cage is not necessarily due to upper airway obstruction. Monitoring of tidal volume and arterial oxygen saturation is essential for the diagnosis of DP-induced OSAS.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of diaphragm pacing-induced obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with nasal CPAP]. 823 Aug 98

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies were carried out for the title compounds at room temperature. The crystal packings are of the cage-type and isomorphous to that of beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) hydrate. In both crystal structures, disorder and extensive thermal vibrations of the complexed guest molecules are observed. In beta CD-ethylene glycol.8H2O, one ethylene glycol molecule (disordered over two discrete sites) and three water molecules (four discrete sites) are included in the beta CD cavity. Within the beta CD cavity, all oxygen sites (ordered and disordered) are in positions occupied by water molecules in beta CD.12H2O; this is only possible because the ethylene glycol molecule adopts the low-energy conformation with the O-C-C-O torsion angle approximately 60 degrees and an O...O separation of 2.9 A, in which its hydroxyl groups can directly substitute for two hydrogen-bonding water molecules. In beta CD-glycerol.7.2H2O, one glycerol molecule (disordered over two discrete sites) and two water molecules (two fully occupied sites) are included in the beta CD cavity. The general situation in both compounds parallels that found earlier in beta CD-ethanol.8H2O. It is assumed that the disorder is dynamic, i.e., associated with jumps between the partially occupied molecular sites.
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PMID:Crystal structures of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) complexed with ethylene glycol.8.0H2O and glycerol.7.2H2O. 827 3

The development and functional significance of exercise-induced peripheral adaptations were evaluated in aged animals with peripheral arterial insufficiency. Fisher 344 male rats (21 months old) were subjected to bilateral stenosis of the femoral arteries sufficient to limit active hyperemia but not to impair resting blood flow. Beginning the third day after stenosis, animals were (1) exercised by walking (n = 12) on a treadmill at 20 m/min at 15% inclination, twice a day, 5 days per week, or (2) limited to cage activity (n = 10). Exercise tolerance improved from approximately 5 to approximately 35 minutes (P < .001) over the 8 weeks of the training program but increased only marginally to approximately 8 minutes for the sedentary group. An isolated hind limb preparation perfused at equivalent blood flows (approximately 1 ml.min-1 x g-1 with an arterial blood oxygen content of approximately 20 vol%) was used to assess the functional and metabolic impact of muscle-specific adaptations during sequential contraction periods at 4, 8, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 tetani per minute. An initially similar force development of approximately 10 N/g was better maintained (P < .001) by the trained group. The peak oxygen consumption attained by the trained group of 5.68 +/- 0.34 mumol.min-1 x g-1 was greater (P < .01) than that of the sedentary group (4.34 +/- 0.29 mumol.min-1 x g-1). This was due to a greater oxygen extraction, since oxygen delivery was the same (approximately 10 mumol.min-1 x g-1) to muscles of both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Peripheral adaptations in trained aged rats with femoral artery stenosis. 829 62

Lactobionic acid, [4-beta-(galactosido)-D-gluconic acid] = LBA, is the major component of the Wisconsin organ transplantation preservant fluid and may suppress oxygen radical-induced tissue damage upon reperfusion by the control of FeII autoxidation. FeII and FeIII complexes of LBA and the related gluconic acid (GLC) have been studied herein by titrimetric, infrared, and electrochemical methods (CV; DPP). FeII(GLC) forms quickly at pH 7, but FeII(LBA) reacts in two steps, the second requiring 4 hr. The initial complex lacks coordination of the LBA carboxylate (C-1) and is bound by the "2,3,5" hydroxyl groups. The slow rearrangement forms a "1,2,3,6" chelate which FeII(LBA) shares in common with the donor set of the FeIII(LBA) complex. Titration data shows the removal of three protons from LBA through pH 5 and an additional proton from pH 6 to 9 which is indicative of the [FeIII(LBA)(OH)(H2O)]- formulation with LBA donating at the "1,2,3,6" positions. The more stable, second form of FeII(LBA) has been investigated in its oxidation mechanisms with H2O2 and O2 using selected trapping agents for HO. and ferryl intermediates. Eighty-six percent of the oxidation events of FeII(LBA)/H2O2 occurs in steps involving formation and reduction of freely diffusible HO.. These pathways are altered by the known HO. traps t-butanol, dmso, ethanol, and methanol in the manner predictable for beta-oxidizing radicals (from t-butanol or dmso) and alpha-reducing radicals (from ethanol and methanol). Fourteen percent of the FeII(LBA)/H2O2 reaction occurs via FeIVO intermediates not trapped by t-butanol or dmso, but intercepted by primary and secondary alcohols. The HO. generating pathways are responsible for a competitive LBA ligand oxidation at the C-2 position via HO., formed from FeII(LBA) and H2O2 within the original reaction cage. Competitive ligand oxidation at C-2 is absent for the FeII(LBA)/O2 autoxidation, indicative of a different redox mechanism. The FeII(LBA)/O2 reaction rate is first-order in each component and is insensitive to the presence of t-butanol as an HO. trap. These observations support a ferryl intermediate in the autoxidation pathway and the absence of HO. or free H2O2 during autoxidation. Although chelation of FeII by hard ligand donors such as edta4-, Cl-, or HPO4(2-) accelerate the rate of autoxidation of FeII, chelation of carboxylate, alkoxy, and hydroxyl donors of LBA does not accelerate autoxidation. The implications of these findings, and the absence of an inner-sphere coordination role of the 4-beta-(galactosido) functionality toward the action of LBA in organ preservant fluids, are discussed.
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PMID:Lactobionic and gluconic acid complexes of FeII and FeIII; control of oxidation pathways by an organ transplantation preservant. 843 86

Oxidation of NADH by decavanadate, a polymeric form vanadate with a cage-like structure, in presence of rat liver microsomes followed a biphasic pattern. An initial slow phase involved a small rate of oxygen uptake and reduction of 3 of the 10 vanadium atoms. This was followed by a second rapid phase in which the rates of NADH oxidation and oxygen uptake increased several-fold with a stoichiometry of NADH: O2 of 1:1. The burst of NADH oxidation and oxygen uptake which occurs in phosphate, but not in Tris buffer, was prevented by SOD, catalase, histidine, EDTA, MnCl2 and CuSO4, but not by the hydroxyl radical quenchers, ethanol, methanol, formate and mannitol. The burst reaction is of a novel type that requires the polymeric structure of decavanadate for reduction of vanadium which, in presence of traces of H2O2, provides a reactive intermediate that promotes transfer of electrons from NADH to oxygen.
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PMID:A novel phenomenon of burst of oxygen uptake during decavanadate-dependent oxidation of NADH. 851 Jun 71

Head-down suspension (HDS) of rats has evolved as a useful model for the simulation of a microgravity environment. Previous HDS experiments with rats have shown an impaired capacity to perform aerobic exercise as demonstrated by reductions in maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max), treadmill run time (RT), and mechanical efficiency (ME) of treadmill running at submaximal conditions. To determine whether endurance training (TR) before HDS would modify exercise performance, male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to nontrained (NT) or TR groups for 6 wk and exposed to HDS or cage control (CC) conditions for 29 days. The rats were tested for VO2 max, RT, and ME before treatment and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. In addition, water and electrolyte excretion was measured on days 1 and 21 of the experimental period. Before HDS, the TR rats had significantly higher measures of VO2 max (15%) and RT (22%) than the NT rats. On day 28, HDS was associated with significant reductions in absolute VO2 max (ml/min) in TR (-30%) and NT (-14%) rats. Relative VO2 max (ml.min-1.kg-1) was significantly reduced in TR (-15%) but not NT rats. Similar reductions in RT occurred in TR (-37%) and NT (-35%) rats by day 28. ME was reduced 22% in both TR and NT rats after 28 days of suspension. HDS elicited diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis in TR rats after 21 days but not after 24 h. In contrast, HDS-NT rats exhibited no diuretic, natriuretic, or kaliuretic responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Influence of simulated microgravity on the VO2 max of nontrained and trained rats. 851 15

At room temperature aqueous solutions of dextrans with concentrations > 25% (w/w) exhibit a sol-gel transition in the presence of > 1.0 M potassium chloride. In dextrans the gelation was unexpected due to missing anionic groups that usually provide the binding sites for cations. The quantitative investigation of the gel formation is based on changes of the diffusibility of water and dextran chains. The apparent diffusion coefficients of bulk water (in the order of 10(-6) cm2/s) and of water trapped in the junction zones as well as of polymer chains (in the order of 10(-7) to 10(-8) cm2/s) are determined by employing pulsed field gradient stimulated echo (PFGSTE) NMR. The restricted diffusion of bulk water in viscous sols and in soft and rigid gels has been quantitatively analyzed providing data for interbarrier distances (pore size), permeabilities of the diffusion barriers (density of junction zones) and interbarrier diffusion coefficients of water. Based on already published x-ray structure data and in accordance with the diffusion data presented in this paper "potassium-bonding" is assumed to be the most important interaction for the formation of a microstructure and for the stabilization of cross-links. The ionic radius of the potassium ion perfectly fits to the cage established by six oxygen atoms of glucose units of three polymer chains. Other cations, such as Li+, Na+, Rb+ and Cs+, according to their nonfitting ionic radii, do not provoke dextran gelation under these conditions. The mechanism of the transitions from sol to soft gel and further to rigid gel is discussed on the basis of restricted diffusion and x-ray structure data.
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PMID:NMR studies on water and polymer diffusion in dextran gels. Influence of potassium ions on microstructure formation and gelation mechanism. 872 21

A 48-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of hypoxemia (PaO2 = 43 mmHg), hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 70 mmHg), complete atrio-ventricular block, and heart failure. He also had limitation of spine flexion, scoliosis, deformity of the rib cage, and constriction of the ankle joints, complicated by cor pulmonale. These findings were compatible with rigid spine syndrome. To avoid progressive pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia, nasal BiPAP and home oxygen therapy (0.5 liters/minute) were begun. Rigid spine syndrome is clinically characterized by limitation of spine flexion, and the limitation of thoracic movement often causes severe constrictive respiratory dysfunction. This syndrome should be considered when evaluating patients who have both thoracic deformity, especially scoliosis, and respiratory failure.
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PMID:[Rigid spine syndrome associated with marked hypoxemia and hypercapnia]. 875 23

The aim of the study was to compare breathing pattern, mouth occlusion pressure, mean inspiratory flow and the ratio of mouth occlusion pressure to mean inspiratory flow at the same power output and carbon dioxide output during arm and leg incremental exercise. Mouth occlusion pressure was used as an index of inspiratory neuromuscular activity and its ratio to mean inspiratory flow as an index of the 'effective' impedance of the respiratory system. Eight normal subjects performed two incremental exercise tests, one with arms, the other with legs, on different weeks and in randomized order, and on two identical cycle ergometers. The power output was increased by steps of 25 W for arms and 50 W for legs every 4 min until exhaustion. At the same power output, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide output, ventilation, mean inspiratory flow, mouth occlusion pressure, 'effective' impedance (P < 0.001) and respiratory frequency (P < 0.01) were higher during arm exercise than during leg exercise, whereas inspiratory time (P < 0.05) and expiratory time (P < 0.01) were lower. At the same carbon dioxide output, mouth occlusion pressure, ventilation, 'effective' impedance (P < 0.001) and respiratory frequency (P < 0.01) were higher and expiratory time (P < 0.05) was lower during arm exercise. In conclusion, the higher inspiratory neuromuscular activity and impedance of the respiratory system during arm exercise and the differences observed in ventilation and breathing pattern at equal carbon dioxide output seem related to the differences in exercising muscle afferents and the presence of an increased load due to contraction of rib cage muscles to stabilize posture.
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PMID:Differences in mouth occlusion pressure and breathing pattern between arm and leg incremental exercise. 897 Dec 54

To evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on pulmonary function, 15 patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema underwent pulmonary rehabilitation for six weeks as inpatients. Pulmonary rehabilitation consisted of relaxation techniques, breathing retraining, thoracic massage, physical exercise, and walking. In 8 of the 15 patients vital capacity increased by more than 200 ml (over 10%), and in 7 of the 15 patients the load of maximal exercise increased by more than 5 watts (over 10%). Increases in vital capacity were not associated with increases in maximal exercise load. The percent change in vital capacity associated with pulmonary rehabilitation correlated significantly with the percent change in tidal volume and the percent change in expiratory minute ventilation at the maximal load. The percent change in tidal volume at the maximal load correlated significantly with the percent change in maximum oxygen uptake. We attribute the increase in vital capacity to an improvement in thoracic cage movement. These findings suggest that pulmonary rehabilitation can increase vital capacity in some patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema, and that such an increase is not directly connected to increases in exercise capacity.
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PMID:[Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on vital capacity in patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema]. 897 71


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