Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q86TM3 (cage)
 29,987 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of a craniotubular hyperostosis are presented. The radiographic features closely resemble Van Buchem disease (hyperostosis corticalis generalisata; endosteal hyperostosis, recessive type), including symmetrical and bilateral diaphyseal cortical thickening of the long and short tubular bones as well as sclerosis and thickening of the calvaria, mandible, shoulder and pelvic girdles, and thoracic cage. Unlike Van Buchem disease, no periosteal excresences are observed, alkaline phosphatase is normal, no basal foramina encroachment of the skull is present, and the genetic pattern is dominant inheritance. These cases possibly represent a separate disorder rather than a variant of Van Buchem disease.
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PMID:Autosomal dominant osteosclerosis. 19 44

Histaminase has been shown to be associated with several types of human cancer. In the present study, we examined the activity of histaminase and its relationship with Regan isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in ascitic fluids obtained from patients with ovarian and several other types of cancer. We have found that about 44% of the ovarian cancer patients had elevated levels of histaminase in the ascitic fluid, whereas a less frequent incidence was observed in fluids obtained from other types of cancer. There was concurrence in the elevation of histaminase activity with the appearance of Regan isoenzyme in most of the samples examined. Of the 10 patients who showed elevated histaminase, 9 had high Regan isoenzyme activity; whereas in 9 patients with normal levels of histaminase, all except 1 had low or moderate levels of Regan isoenzyme activity. These results, therefore, confirm the observation of an association of histaminase with human cancer and suggest the possibility for the utilization of histaminase, in conjunction with Regan isoenzyme and cancer-associated proteins, for cancer diagnosis and clinical evaluation of tumor progression and regression during therapy.
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PMID:Elevation of histaminase and its concurrence with Regan isoenzyme in ovarian cancer. 80 68

Pregnant dams were fed a 20% protein diet with caffeine (2 mg/100 g b.wt.), starting on day 9 of gestation. At birth, each dam with 8 assigned pups was fed this diet until weaning, day 22. On day 22, female rats were caged and fed this diet until day 93. Starting on day 93, the caffeine-supplemented diet was replaced with a caffeine-free, 20% protein diet until day 388. Starting on day 31, each animal was placed in a photoactivity cage, and locomotive activity was measured until day 375. On day 388, the animals were killed, and their brains were removed and divided into 7 regions. The weight, DNA, protein and zinc contents, and alkaline phosphatase activity of each region were determined. Locomotive activity of the caffeine-fed group was higher than in the noncaffeine control group. Accumulative activity scores showed 3 subgroups (high, medium, and low) in both groups at day 93. The medium activity subgroup in the caffeine group was greater than the controls from day 72 to day 93. These differences reappeared 5 weeks after cessation of caffeine supplementation and continued until day 375. The differences in activity were minimum in the high and low subgroups. Chronic caffeine intake in early life permanently affected the medium activity subgroup. Furthermore, various regions of the brain were biochemically altered in spite of the feeding of a noncaffeine diet for almost 300 days after caffeine.
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PMID:Lasting effects of early chronic caffeine feeding on rats' behavior and brain in later life. 188 76

In vivo leucocyte interactions of three Pellethane materials of varying hardness were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized using a cage implant system over a 21 d implantation period. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cytochemical staining were utilized to observe the cellular events occurring at the leucocyte-biomaterial interface. Many of the quantitative assays performed, the intracellular alkaline phosphatase activity of exudate leucocytes, the intracellular acid phosphatase activity of adherent leucocytes, the density of adherent leucocytes and the foreign body giant cell network formation tendencies of adherent leucocytes, suggest increased cellular activation with increased Pellethane hardness. Qualitative SEM evaluation of Pellethane surfaces revealed a variety of cellular activities. These included macrophage adherence, cytoplasmic spreading and macrophage-macrophage membrane fusions to form foreign body giant cells. The foreign body giant cells exhibited nuclear reorganization and, when compared with adherent macrophages, they displayed an enhanced ability to fuse to neighbouring leucocytes, increased spreading of membrane processes over the polymer surface, the presence of large cytoplasmic vacuoles, and a lengthened duration of enzymatic activity. Contact angle analysis showed the Pellethane surfaces to be hydrophobic and of low hysteresis. The critical surface tension and the dispersive component of the total surface tension were found to increase with Pellethane hardness.
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PMID:In vivo leucocyte interactions on Pellethane surfaces. 220 24

The Cosmos 1887 biosatellite carried 10 male rats and 2 rhesus monkeys on its 12.5-day mission. Upon re-entry the Vostok vehicle overshot the designated landing site, which resulted in fasting of the animals for 42 h, exposure to cage temperatures of 12-15 degrees C, and 2 days delay in death of the rats. No overt untoward effects of the delayed recovery were apparent. Tissues from the rats were harvested by Soviet scientists, appropriately preserved, and provided to U.S. investigators. Flight rats grew more slowly and had larger adrenal glands than earth gravity controls. Analysis of plasma revealed increased concentrations of hepatic alkaline phosphatase, glucose, urea nitrogen, and creatinine in flight rats. In contrast, electrolytes, total protein, albumin, corticosterone, prolactin, and immunoreactive growth hormone levels were unchanged. However, testosterone concentration was marginally decreased after flight and thyroid hormone levels were suggestive of reduced thyroid function. Due to the possible effects of reentry and the delay in recovery of the animals, it is not clear what relationship postflight levels of plasma constituents bear to their concentrations in flight.
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PMID:Cosmos 1887 mission overview: effects of microgravity on rat body and adrenal weights and plasma constituents. 229 71

The HeLa TCRC-1 human adenocarcinoma cell line expresses a form of alkaline phosphatase that is similar to the common S-variant of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, catalytic properties, and reactivity with polyclonal antibodies. More sensitive probes of changes in protein structure than polyclonal antibodies are monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) which recognize individual antigenic sites on molecules. Therefore, we produced MAbs to HeLa TCRC-1 cells and selected those which bound to the alkaline phosphatase expressed by the cancer cells. Seven MAbs were obtained and characterized by (a) fine specificity analysis using allelic variants of PLAP and other human alkaline phosphatase isozymes, (b) immunoglobulin isotype, and (c) relative binding affinities to PLAP from two sources, placental tissue and HeLa TCRC-1 cells. The seven MAbs bind the enzymes from both sources with equal affinity indicating a high degree of structural homology if not identity between the normal S-variant of PLAP and its cancer-associated counterpart. We note that most of the MAbs to cancer cell surface-bound PLAP express either Ig (immunoglobulin) G2a or IgG2b heavy-chain isotypes, a higher incidence of these classes of IgG than has been observed with the purified and soluble PLAP immunogen which yields MAbs predominantly of the IgG1 isotype. Finally, some of these antibodies, like the ones prepared from purified PLAP, recognize differences between allelic variants.
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PMID:Evidence for homology of normal and neoplastic human placental alkaline phosphatases as determined by monoclonal antibodies to the cancer-associated enzyme. 240 48

The inflammatory response to four different catheter materials was quantitatively characterized using an in vivo cage implant system over a 21 d implantation period. The greatest differences between materials were observed at day 4, where the total leucocyte concentration in the exudate decreased in the following order: AE-PVC greater than A-PU greater than D-PU1 greater than D-PU2. Similar trends were observed for the polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) and macrophage concentrations at day 4. At day 7, this trend continued, but by day 21 the total leucocyte concentration, PMN concentration and macrophage concentration had decreased to comparable values for all materials. The extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity at day 4 was lowest for the AE-PVC exudate samples. Similar results were observed for the extracellular acid phosphatase activity but after that time point no significant differences were observed. From these results, it appears that AE-PVC is least biocompatible compared with the other three catheter materials, which were polyurethanes.
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PMID:In vivo biocompatibility of catheter materials. 340 97

The renal changes produced by 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, a constituent of unleaded gasoline, are studied in Wistar rats. The compound was given at a dose of 2 ml/kg daily by gavage dissolved in corn oil (2:1) to nine Wistar Albino rats. Nine control male rats received an equivalent dose of corn oil. Six animals were housed in metabowls to allow the collection of urine for enzyme and urinanalysis. The remaining three animals of each group were housed in a normal animal cage. After 2 days of treatment, all the test rats were noted to have lost weight and were killed on this or on the subsequent day. Macroscopic examination of the livers and kidneys revealed no visible lesions on the kidney, but two of the rats had white, slightly raised patches on the liver. Microscopic examination demonstrated centrilobular and confluent necrosis, hydropic degeneration and vacuolation of hepatocytes. Microscopic examination of the kidneys indicated eosinophilic hyaline droplet accumulation in the cells of the tubules, and tubular dilation. Analysis of plasma alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase activity revealed increases consistent with liver damage. Analysis of urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and alkaline phosphatase activity showed increases consistent with renal toxicity. An apparent increase in the amount of cellular debris in the urine was also found, when the sediment was examined microscopically. From this study, it would appear that 2,2,4-trimethylpentane possess hepatotoxic as well as nephrotoxic properties.
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PMID:Renal and hepatic lesions induced by 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. 368 Aug 50

1. Rats were fed various diets ranging from the normal chow, pure flour containing large amounts of phytic acid, Ca-enriched flour and mixtures of flour and normal food with various levels of calcium. 2. It was found that the animals eating the pure flour grew less and were smaller. 3. They suffered from hypocalcemia and had low plasma alkaline phosphatase and 25-HCC-vitamin D3 levels. 4. These animals had rib-cage deformities. 5. Additional calcium in the flour improved the animals' growth and calcification. 6. The mixed food did not greatly affect the animals and additional calcium did not improve growth or bone mineralisation. 7. The Bedouin eat large amounts of unleavened bread containing large amounts of phytates. 8. It is concluded that uptake of large amounts of phytates by the Bedouin eating unleavened bread is due to the flour and that the clinical manifestations are a direct result of the flour and not the lack of vitamin D due to covering the skin from sunlight.
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PMID:Growth and bone mineralisation as affected by dietary calcium, phytic acid and vitamin D. 612 64

1. To establish the speed on onset of jejunal and ileal mucosal hypoplasia and hypofunction in parenterally fed rats, we measured three indices of mucosal mass, three mucosal enzymes and quantitative histology after 3, 6, 10 and 15 days of total parenteral nutrition and compared the results with those in two orally fed control groups, one with and one without intravenous catheters and metabolic cage restraint. The kinetics of galactose absorption in vivo were also measured after 10 days of total parenteral nutrition and in both control groups. 2. The most striking decrease in both jejunal and ileal mucosal wet weight and protein and DNA content per 10 cm length of intestine, occurred after only 3 days of total parenteral nutrition; thereafter the mean values showed only a slight further decrease. 3. The results of the morphometric studies showed that the hypoplasia affected the villi slightly more than the crypts. Within 3 days of starting total parenteral nutrition, mean jejunal mucosal thickness decreased by 16% and after 15 days it had fallen by 28%. The ileum showed similar, although less marked, changes. In the jejunum (not the ileum) modest cellular hypotrophy accompanied the mucosal hypoplasia; there were more epithelial cells/unit length of mid-villus and there was more DNA per g of mucosa in the total parenteral nutrition group than in the control group of rats. 4. Jejunal galactose absorption from the 16, 32 and 64 mmol/l solutions was significantly less in the 10-day total parenteral nutrition rats than in the controls, the apparent Vmax. being five times greater in the orally fed animals. The apparent Michaelis constant (Km) was also significantly less than normal in the jejunum of the parenterally fed rats, suggesting increased affinity of the hypothetical carrier for galactose, perhaps as a result of functionally hypermature cells. 5. Mucosal alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities per unit length of intestine decreased and alpha-D-glucosidase activity increased in the jejunum and ileum of the total parenteral nutrition rats. 6. These results show that during total parenteral nutrition, the ileum and particularly the jejunum show marked reductions in mucosal mass and function after only 3 days of total parenteral nutrition and that there is a more gradual and progressive loss of mucosal mass thereafter up to 15 days.
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PMID:Speed of onset of adaptive mucosal hypoplasia and hypofunction in the intestine of parenterally fed rats. 677 59


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