Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q86TM3 (cage)
 29,987 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comparative study of the effect of pilocarpine, a muscarinic receptor agonist, on grooming, scored during 45 min via a time-sampling procedure, was carried out on two sublines of male rats selectively bred for high-(HY) and low-yawning (LY) frequency. In one condition, we introduced rats in a novel cage and observed them immediately after receiving an I.P. injection of pilocarpine (0.5-3.75 mg/Kg) or an equivalent volume of saline. Besides grooming, the occurrence of yawns was continuously recorded. In the other condition, we immersed rats in water for 60 s, then they received an I.P. injection of pilocarpine (3.75 mg/Kg) or an equivalent volume of saline and we placed them in an open field, in which we recorded the number of crossed squares. Grooming scores were significantly higher in the condition after water immersion than in the novel situation; in both conditions HY had a grooming response higher than that of LY rats. Pilocarpine produced a dose-dependent inhibition of novelty-induced grooming in HY rats, whereas LY grooming was reduced only with the highest dose. In contrast, yawning increased in a dose-dependent manner with HY rats curve over that of LY animals, except for the highest dose. Pilocarpine inhibited water immersion-induced grooming in both sublines of rats, but it did not reduce grooming as much as it did in the novel condition. Pilocarpine affected distinctly each of the components of grooming, without inhibiting animals locomotor activity. The results indicate that HY rats also have a higher number of grooms than LY rats, and because grooming and yawning can appear after stressful circumstances, HY rats may be used to study the role that both behaviors could have in counteracting the effects of stress. Similarly, HY animals might be utilized to study the underlying neurochemical mechanisms of grooming. This study also indicates that the cholinergic systems exert an inhibitory influence on grooming which contrasts with the excitatory effect on yawning.
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PMID:Inhibition of grooming by pilocarpine differs in high- and low-yawning sublines of Sprague-Dawley rats. 930 May 86

Exposure to stress is known to change synaptic plasticity and results in long-term depression; further, this stress precipitates seizures. In the study described here, the prenatal restraint and predator stress models were used to test the hypothesis that indirect prenatal stresses influence hippocampal synaptic potentiation and may affect seizures susceptibility in infant rats. Pregnant female Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control, restraint-stressed, and predator-stressed groups. Both stressed groups were exposed to the stressor on gestation days 15, 16, and 17. The restraint stress involved 1-h sessions twice daily in a Plexiglas tube and the predator stress involved 2-h sessions once daily in a cage placed within the visual range of a caged cat. Blood corticosterone (COS) levels were measured in different time points. Hippocampal slices were prepared and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) were studied on postnatal day 15. Pilocarpine was administered on postnatal day 25 and mortality rates were measured after 2 and 24h. Restraint and predator stresses resulted in significantly elevated COS blood levels in dams and pups. Both the amplitude and slope of fEPSP in the CA1 area decreased significantly in the stressed groups as compared to the control. Prenatal restraint and predator stresses significantly increased the fatal effect of pilocarpine at 24h after injection. Exposure to prenatal stresses and COS blood levels elevation reduce hippocampal synaptic potentiation and increase mortality rate of seizure in infant rats and may affect on later seizure susceptibility and prognosis.
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PMID:Prenatal exposure to restraint or predator stresses attenuates field excitatory postsynaptic potentials in infant rats. 2192 85