Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q86TM3 (cage)
 29,987 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Investigations were performed with the aim of establishing the influence of various environmental conditions (such as steady field conditions, climatized laboratories, Faraday's cage) on a number of enzymic activities in the rat (including glutamic oxaloacetic tic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase), as well as the serum concentrations of triglycerides, the oxygen consumption of hepatic parenchyma cells, and the influence on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine (following partial hepatectomy). In the steady field, the activities of the cytoplasmic enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH) were higher then under Faraday conditions. The same applies both to the hepatic oxygen consumption and to the neutral fat serum levels. The control values always remained within the range of the results obtained under steady field or Faraday conditions. In the structure-linked enzymes (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase) the results were not uniform. Following partial hepatectomy, and under steady field conditions, the serum triglyceride concentrations showed a less pronounced drop than they did in the controls. Under selected environmental conditions, the results obtained lie within the physiological range. The present findings, therefore, do not permit definite conclusions to be drawn on favourable or unfavourable effects exerted by the different types of electroclimates.
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PMID:[Metabolism of rat liver in the electrostatic field and in the faraday cage before and after hepatectomy (author's transl)]. 24 66

In vivo leucocyte interactions of three Pellethane materials of varying hardness were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized using a cage implant system over a 21 d implantation period. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cytochemical staining were utilized to observe the cellular events occurring at the leucocyte-biomaterial interface. Many of the quantitative assays performed, the intracellular alkaline phosphatase activity of exudate leucocytes, the intracellular acid phosphatase activity of adherent leucocytes, the density of adherent leucocytes and the foreign body giant cell network formation tendencies of adherent leucocytes, suggest increased cellular activation with increased Pellethane hardness. Qualitative SEM evaluation of Pellethane surfaces revealed a variety of cellular activities. These included macrophage adherence, cytoplasmic spreading and macrophage-macrophage membrane fusions to form foreign body giant cells. The foreign body giant cells exhibited nuclear reorganization and, when compared with adherent macrophages, they displayed an enhanced ability to fuse to neighbouring leucocytes, increased spreading of membrane processes over the polymer surface, the presence of large cytoplasmic vacuoles, and a lengthened duration of enzymatic activity. Contact angle analysis showed the Pellethane surfaces to be hydrophobic and of low hysteresis. The critical surface tension and the dispersive component of the total surface tension were found to increase with Pellethane hardness.
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PMID:In vivo leucocyte interactions on Pellethane surfaces. 220 24

The cellular biocompatibility of low-density polyethylene and a cytotoxic polyvinylchloride were investigated using an in vivo cage implant system. Components of the inflammatory response (white cells, extra-cellular alkaline and acid phosphatase, the complement component C3, and total protein content) were monitored over a 21-day implantation period. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the morphologic condition of leukocytes adherent to the implanted polymers. Prior to implantation, each polymer was evaluated using an established primary acute toxicity screen. The results showed that the cytotoxic polyvinylchloride stimulated an intense acute phase inflammatory response, and at later observation periods, an intense and increasing chronic inflammatory response. In contrast, the polyethylene promoted relatively small increases in the acute and chronic phases of inflammation; the overall cellular response being essentially resolved by the third week after implantation. The initial toxicity screen of each polymer suggested that the observed differences in inflammation were primarily caused by the release from the polyvinylchloride of the added cytotoxic agent (dioctyltinbisoctylmercaptoacetate).
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PMID:In vivo biocompatibility studies. VII. Inflammatory response to polyethylene and to a cytotoxic polyvinylchloride. 308 21

The inflammatory response to four different catheter materials was quantitatively characterized using an in vivo cage implant system over a 21 d implantation period. The greatest differences between materials were observed at day 4, where the total leucocyte concentration in the exudate decreased in the following order: AE-PVC greater than A-PU greater than D-PU1 greater than D-PU2. Similar trends were observed for the polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) and macrophage concentrations at day 4. At day 7, this trend continued, but by day 21 the total leucocyte concentration, PMN concentration and macrophage concentration had decreased to comparable values for all materials. The extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity at day 4 was lowest for the AE-PVC exudate samples. Similar results were observed for the extracellular acid phosphatase activity but after that time point no significant differences were observed. From these results, it appears that AE-PVC is least biocompatible compared with the other three catheter materials, which were polyurethanes.
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PMID:In vivo biocompatibility of catheter materials. 340 97

A cage implant system was utilized to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize in vivo leukocyte interactions with cast Biomer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with cytochemical staining procedures were used to investigate the cellular events at the leukocyte/Biomer interface as well as in the inflammatory exudate over a 21-day implantation period. SEM was used to characterize leukocyte morphology on the Biomer surface and the cytochemical stains were used to differentially count leukocytes and to demonstrate intracellular alkaline and acid phosphatase activity. The results showed that the population density of leukocytes on the Biomer surface diminished with implantation time. The population density of multinucleated foreign body giant cells remained constant with time, while the numbers of nuclei per giant cell increased. The differential analysis revealed that macrophages preferentially adhered to the Biomer surface compared to other leukocytes in the exudate. The phagocytic capability of all adherent leukocytes, including giant cells, decreased with time and this corresponded to changes in leukocyte morphology observed with SEM.
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PMID:In vivo biocompatibility studies. V. In vivo leukocyte interactions with Biomer. 640 19

A cage implant system has been utilized to examine the in vivo biocompatibility of a biodegradable hydrogel, poly(2-hydroxy-ethyl-L-glutamine) (PHEG). This system permits the quantitative determination of the components of the inflammatory exudate which surrounds the implanted polymer within the cage system. This system permits the serial examination of exudate components without sacrificing the animal. In addition, this system allows the subsequent removal of the polymer for surface and mechanical studies. Following implantation of the biodegradable hydrogel, quantitative and differential white cell counts of the exudates were determined over a 21-day period. In addition, concomitant extracellular enzyme analyses for alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, prostatic acid phosphatase, leucine amino-peptidase, and Cathepsin B1 were determined. Corresponding control samples from exudates of the cage implant without the polymer were also determined. The two-tailed Student's t-test for unpaired samples was used to statistically compare the control and implanted polymer values for these respective analyses at the various time periods. A comparison of the cellular response for the control system and the PHEG system did not show statistically significant differences during the first 7 days following implantation. The acute inflammatory response, polymorphonuclear leukocyte predominant, was followed by a mild chronic inflammatory response, macrophage and lymphocyte predominant, and during this time period, 8-14 days, macrophages were present in significantly larger numbers for the PHEG system when compared to the control values. Enzymic analysis of the exudates revealed statistically significant differences between control and PHEG values at time intervals where no differences were noted in cell density or population. These results are discussed in terms of cell-polymer interactions leading to cellular activation and enhanced enzyme exocytosis by the inflammatory cells. Stress-strain measurements on implanted PHEG samples showed that significant in vivo degradation had occurred during the acute inflammatory phase of the response, i.e., the first 7 days.
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PMID:In vivo biocompatibility studies. I. The cage implant system and a biodegradable hydrogel. 684 71

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables of flunixin were studied in calves after IV administration of the drug at a dose rate of 2.2 mg/kg of body weight. The anti-inflammatory properties of flunixin were investigated, using a model of acute inflammation; this involved surgically implanting tissue cages at subcutaneous sites and stimulating the tissue cage granulation tissue by intracavitary injection of carrageenan. The actions of flunixin on exudate concentrations of several substances related to the inflammatory process, including proteases (metalloprotease [active and total] and cysteine and serine proteases), enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and beta-glucuronidase [beta-glu]), eicosanoid (prostaglandin E2 [PGE2], leukotriene B4, and serum thromboxane B2 [TXB2]) concentrations, and bradykinin (BK)-induced edema, were investigated. Flunixin had a long elimination half-life--6.87 +/- 0.49 hours--and volume of distribution was 2.11 +/- 0.37 L/kg, indicating extensive distribution of the drug in the body. Body clearance was 0.20 +/- 0.03 L/kg/h. Flunixin exerted inhibitory effects on serum TXB2 and exudate PGE2 concentrations, beta-glu activity, and BK-induced swelling. Other enzymes and inflammatory mediators were not significantly affected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Determination of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of flunixin in calves by use of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling. 765 89

We studied the effects of voluntary exercise on nonspecific immunological mechanisms in mice. In this study, 7 week old male ICR mice were divided into two groups: a non-exercise group (control) and a group given voluntary exercise (Vex group). Each mouse of the Vex group was kept in an individual cage equipped with a voluntarily revolving wheel that the mouse had free access to. The duration of voluntary exercise was 3 days per week for 8 weeks. The following results were obtained: 1) After 8 weeks of voluntary exercise, food consumption, the weight of the anterior tibialis muscle and succinate dehydrogenase activity in the anterior tibialis muscle increased significantly in the Vex group compared to the control group. 2) By means of the carbon clearance method, phagocytosis of the reticuloendothelial system was increased in the Vex group. 3) Glucose consumption capacity and O-2 production capacity of peritoneal macrophages (M phi) were significantly increased in the Vex group compared to the control group. 4) The acid phosphatase (APH), beta-glucuronidase (GLU) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities of peritoneal M phi increased significantly in the Vex group. 5) Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced cell proliferation in the spleen was high in the Vex group. Based on the above findings, it may be surmised that voluntary exercise enhances nonspecific immunological mechanisms and thereby improves the host defense mechanisms in mice.
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PMID:[Effects of voluntary exercise on nonspecific immunological mechanisms in mice]. 910 77

Forty-three norditerpenoid alkaloids isolated from Aconitum, Delphinium and Consolida species have been evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on the tumor cell lines CT26 (murine colon adenocarcinoma), SW480 (human colon adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma), SkMel25 (human melanoma) and SkMel28 (human malignant melanoma) with several multidrug resistance mechanisms and the non-tumor cell line CHO (Chinese hamster ovary cells). Neoline (5), 8-O-methylcolumbianine (6), 1,14-diacetylcardiopetaline (9), 18-O-demethylpubescenine (13), 14-deacetylpubescenine (14), pubescenine (15), 14-deacetylajadine (25), lycoctonine (26), browniine (28), delphatine (29), dehydrotakaosamine (34), and ajadelphinine (37) exhibited selective cytotoxicity to cancerous versus non-cancerous cells. Some of these compounds had an irreversible effect on SW480 (5, 15, 25, 26, and 34), HeLa (15, 34, and 37) and SkMel25 (15 and 34) cell lines. In order to gain insights into the mechanism of irreversible cytotoxic action of these compounds we compared the cell viability by means of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the acid phosphatase (AP) methods. Our results suggest that the effects of these compounds could be related to the inhibition of ATP production.
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PMID:In vitro cytotoxicity of norditerpenoid alkaloids. 1661 Feb 10

The possible biochemical mechanism of gallium was studied in this paper. One-day-old hens were fed to up to 68 weeks on a control diet and diets containing gallium. Serum calcium and phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), serum osteocalcin, homocysteine, C-terminal crosslinked telopeptides of collagen type I, and bone mineral content were measured, respectively. The beneficial effects of gallium supplementation on improvement of cage layer osteoporosis were attributable mainly to decrease TRAP activity, C-terminal crosslinked telopeptides of collagen type I level, plasma calcium and phosphate concentrations, and increase the mineral content in the bones and osteocalcin level in plasma.
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PMID:Biochemical mechanism of gallium on prevention of fatal cage-layer osteoporosis. 1963 69


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