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Query: UNIPROT:Q86TM3 (cage)
 29,987 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report evaluates the rib cage in 16 patients with S-shaped idiopathic scoliosis having the Zielke operation and followed-up for an average period of 30 months. Methods used include Cobb angle and a segmental evaluation (T7-T12) of each of convex and concave rib-vertebra angles (RVAs), rib-vertebra angle differences (RVADs), vertebral rotation, tilt and displacement. Preoperatively, the apical convex ribs droop more than the concave ribs, but the most striking difference is an asymmetry of RVAs, with increasing droop of the concave RVAs from T7-T12. The effect of the Zielke operation (on the lower curve) is: (a) to correct the Cobb angle, vertebral tilt, and displacement of the upper (thoracic) curve; (b) to derotate the spine; (c) to elevate the mobile concave ribs; (d) to have little or no effect on the stiff apical convex ribs; and (e) to increase the droop of the mobile lower convex ribs. During follow-up, six of the upper (thoracic) curves progressed. The apical RVAD and apical convex RVA are not prognostic. The concave RVAs maintain their position while convex RVAs elevate relative to the concave ribs.
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PMID:An analysis of the effect of the Zielke operation on the rib cage of S-shaped curves in idiopathic scoliosis. 232 16

Fractures of the thoracic spine (T2-T12) should be considered as a separate entity because of the anatomic features of the rib cage and spinal canal in this region. Fifty-seven patients sustained this injury over a 10-year period (16% of thoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbar fractures). Twenty-eight fracture dislocations, 25 compression fractures, and 1 burst fracture were seen. Three injuries, combining elements of a burst fracture and a dislocation, were designated "burst-dislocations." Apart from compression fractures, a direct blow was often the implicated mechanism of injury. Significant associated injuries were uncommon. Fracture-dislocations were often associated with neurologic injury and compression fractures with long-term pain. Operative treatment appeared to afford the best results for stabilization and pain relief.
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PMID:Thoracic spine fractures. 265 81

Two cases of fractures of the sternum and T12 vertebra are presented, which appear to be a characteristic combination of injuries to farmers when hay bales fall on them. The mechanism of injury proposed is a severe forward flexion, producing vertebral collapse at the dorsolumbar junction, and fracture of the sternum from direct trauma against the steering wheel. These fractures should always be suspected in persons injured while baling hay. It is proposed to call this complex of injuries hay balers' fractures. Preventive measures suggested are: operator caution when hay bales are lifted; addition of locks to the loader forks; increasing the size of the loader, or placing a screen or cage over the operators to keep hay bales from falling on them.
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PMID:Hay balers' fractures. 670 48

The segmental effect of Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation (CDI) on the spine and thoracic cage was investigated in 38 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by preoperative and postoperative postero-anterior and lateral radiographs and computed tomography from T1 to S1. Mean Cobb angle decreased by 67%. The T5-T12 kyphosis in the hypokyphotic patients increased on average by 8.4 degrees (P < 0.001). Average preoperative as well as postoperative maximal vertebral rotation was located at the apex level, and was reduced from 19.0 degrees to 14.3 degrees (P < 0.001). All vertebrae between the upper and lower instrumented vertebrae were significantly derotated. Average derotation for the apical zone was 4.8 degrees (P < 0.001), for the upper instrumented zone it was 2.5 degrees (P < 0.01), and for the lower instrumented zone it was 2.6 degrees (P < 0.01). Vertebral derotation was significantly higher in the apical zone than in the upper and lower instrumented zones. The apical rib hump index (RHi) decreased by 38% (P < 0.001) and the cumulative RHi for the five apical levels decreased by 34% (P < 0.001). The RHi for the two levels above and below the instrumentation each decreased by 20% (n.s.). No significant increase in sagittal or transverse rib cage diameter at any level was observed. The translation in the coronal plane of the apical vertebra of major right thoracic curves improved significantly (P < 0.001). The preoperative flexibility index of the major curve correlated positively (r = 0.47) with derotation at the apex level (P < 0.01). However, no correlation was found between flexibility index and reduction of RHi at the apex level. Vertebral derotation did not correlate with reduction in RHi at any level. The study shows that CDI results in a postoperative three-dimensional improvement of the spine and a limited improvement of the thoracic cage, with no tendency towards a worsened deformity at any level within or outside the instrumentation.
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PMID:The segmental effect of Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation on vertebral rotation, rib hump and the thoracic cage in idiopathic scoliosis. 898 81

Anterior lumbar spine approaches may be indicated for fusion in degenerative lumbar spine disorders or to fill discal and bone gaps after fracture reduction. We present an anterior extraperitoneal approach applicable to any discal and vertebral levels from T12 to S1. The anatomic study, based on 25 cadavers, highlights retroperitoneal dissection principles for easy kidney and duodenopancreatic mobilisation and direct left anterior access to the entire lumbar spine. We established a precise description of the lumbar veins and the anastomoses between the left renal vein and hemiazygos system, in order to define different topographic and anatomic factors related to safe and easily reproducible approaches for cage or graft implementation. Independent of the level and previous intraperitoneal surgery, lumbar spine access with this approach safeguards the kidney, ureter, spleen, hypogastric plexus and duodenopancreatic system. Regarding operating time, blood-loss and possibilities for freshening and grafting, this technique seems an effective counterbalance to the difficulties and complex technology of endoscopic approaches. The clinical study includes our first 42 cases in traumatic and degenerative lesions. Avoiding the neurologic or hemorrhagic risk inherent in classical posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) techniques, it can be considered as a reasonable and valid alternative. This technique could be used in the near future for mini invasive discal prosthesis insertion.
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PMID:Anatomic basis of minimal anterior extraperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine. 1037 Sep 87

We report a case of a surgical treatment with anterior instrumentation in tuberculous spondylitis (Pott's disease), in a 71 years old woman, that was in treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, with lumbar pain, progressive disability to walk, kyphotic deformity and vesical dysfunction. Magnetic resonance image presents a lesion in the bodies of T12 and L1, with paravertebral abscess. The patient was treated surgically by transthoracic-abdominal approach. The vertebral bodies were cut off and the spine were instrumented anteriorly with a mesh cage and a Z plate. This procedure permits a good arthrodesis and a immediately stabilization of the spine, without any complication of the infection. The patient was seen a year after the surgery and is free of infection, without motor deficit, pain or reminiscent kyphosis.
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PMID:[Anterior instrumentation of spine in tuberculous spondylitis: Pott's disease: case report]. 1196 25

Anterior and posterior thoracic cage translations in the sagittal plane have not been reported for their range of motion and effects on the lumbar spine and pelvis. Twenty subjects volunteered for full-spine radiography in neutral, anterior, and posterior thoracic cage translation postures in a standing position. While grasping an anterior vertical pole, with hands at elbow level, subjects were instructed on how to translate their thoracic cage without any flexion/extension, utilizing a full-length mirror. On the radiographs, all four vertebral body corners of T1 through S1 and the superior margin of the acetabulum were digitized. Segmental and global angles of thoracic kyphosis, sagittal lumbar curvature, and pelvic flexion/extension in translation postures were compared to alignment in the neutral posture. Using the femur heads as an origin, the mean range of thoracic cage translation, measured as horizontal movement of T12 from neutral posture, was found to be 85.1 mm anterior and 73 mm posterior. In anterior translation, the thoracic kyphosis is hypokyphotic (Cobb T1-T12 reduced by 16 degrees). In posterior translation, the segmental angles at T12-L1 and L1-L2 flexed, creating an "S" shape in the sagittal lumbar spine, while the thoracic kyphosis increased by 10 degrees. Using posterior tangents from L1 to L5 and T12 to S1, and Cobb angles at T12-S1, the lumbar curve reduced slightly (by less than 3.3 degrees for all global angle measurements) in anterior translation and reduced by 7.4 degrees, 5.7 degrees, and 8.1 degrees respectively in posterior thoracic translation. The angle of pelvic tilt (measured as the angle of intersection of a line through posterior-inferior S1 to the superior acetabulum and the horizontal) reduced by a mean of 15.9 degrees, and Ferguson's sacral base angle to horizontal reduced by a mean of 13.1 degrees in posterior translation. In anterior translation, pelvic tilt and Ferguson's sacral base angle increased by 15.1 degrees and 12.8 degrees, respectively. The findings of this study show that thoracic cage anterior/posterior translations cause significant changes in thoracic kyphosis (26 degrees ), lumbar curve, and pelvic tilt. An understanding of this main motion and consequent coupled movements might aid the understanding of spinal injury kinematics and spinal displacement analysis on full spine lateral radiographs of low back pain and spinal disorder populations.
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PMID:How do anterior/posterior translations of the thoracic cage affect the sagittal lumbar spine, pelvic tilt, and thoracic kyphosis? 1210 99

Implant retrieval programs have been effective in understanding implant failure and biomaterial compatibility in joint arthroplasty; however, its application has not been extended extensively to the assessment of spinal constructs and implants. The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of implant retrieval analysis as a standard for the assessment of explanted spinal implants. The limitations of clinical radiographic assessment of fusion through metal interbody devices are also identified. The implant analysis protocol is shown through a case report of a titanium mesh spinal fusion cage retrieved from a 54-year-old woman who had a pseudoarthrosis at the T12 cage interface. The implant analysis techniques include backscattered electron imaging, high-resolution contact radiography, histology, and fluorochrome analysis. An implant retrieval analysis program similar to the one discussed in the presented case study will enable an accurate assessment of outcomes of these commonly used implants and will guide future development.
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PMID:Spinal cage retrieval and assessment of biologic response. 1213 21

According to the physiological characteristics of lumbar vertebrae in Chinese, we designed and made a lumbar vertebral fusion cage of titanium and then engaged in its biomechanical test. T12-S1 of lumbar vertebrae from 18 fresh dead bodies were used. We measured the stress relaxation and the creep effects of the normal group (T12-S1 of intact lumbar vertebrae), the control group 1(simulating operation of excising intervertebral disc and planting bone on the back route) and the control group 2(simulating operation of excising intervertebral disc and inserting fusion cage). The data and stress, strain-time curves under the condition of constant stress and strain were obtained. Regression analysis yielded the reduced stress relaxation and creep functions. Finally, we analyzed and discussed the effects of the operation of excising intervertebral disc and planting bone on the back route and the operation of excising intervertebral disc and inserting fusion cage on the stability of spine.
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PMID:[Experimental study on viscoelasticity of spinal lumbar vertebrae (T12-S1) by simulating the operation of excising intervertebral disc and planting bone on back route and the operation of excising intervertebral disc and inserting fusion cage]. 1222 83

Giant invasive spinal schwannoma is a new term proposed by Sridhar in 2001 for a particularly aggressive type of benign spinal schwannoma. Only a few cases have been published, the majority of these located in the lumbosacral spine, two in the thoracic and only one in the cervical spine. A rare case of such a tumor is presented. The tumor predominantly occupied level L1 and partially levels T12 and L2, and recurred 13 years after the first seemingly radical excision of a benign melanotic schwannoma. The highly vascularized tumor was radically excised using the dorsal approach, and a Sokon transpeduncular fixation was performed. Carter's lateral thoraco-abdominal access allowed the retroperitoneal and intravertebral expansions of the tumor to be removed and L1 corpectomy to be accomplished. Ventral vertebral stabilization was achieved with a titanium cage. After the operation, the pain in the patient's left leg subsided. Three years after the management, he is still pain-free, able to walk freely and to resume his usual daily activities.
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PMID:Recurrent giant invasive thoracolumbar schwannoma. 1550 23


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