Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q7LGC8 (HSD)
 3,196 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ingesting high-sucrose (HSD) and high-lipid diets (HLD) on the concentrations of plasma glucose and leptin in lean and overweight women. Twenty healthy women were selected: 13 lean (G1) and 7 overweight (G2). The test diets HSD (23% sucrose) and HLD (45% lipid) were calculated for intake under non-restrictive conditions during 14 days. Anthropometry, body composition, plasma glucose and leptin determinations were carried out. The fasting and postprandial plasma leptin values were higher in G2 (p< 0.05), correlating positively with the anthropometry and body composition data (p< 0.05), and special positive correlation with hip circumference. Glucose and leptin concentrations did not differ between diets. Circulating glucose 30 (p< 0.01) and 60 (p< 0.05) minutes after ingestion of HSD were positively correlated with postprandial leptin concentration. The results confirm the positive association between plasma leptin concentration and body fat, specifically the subcutaneous fat tissue, and suggest that more studies are necessary to identify the modulating role of energy intake and macronutrients profile on leptin concentration.
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PMID:[Effect of diet macronutrients profile on leptin concentration]. 1716 Feb 20

We examined 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alpha-DHT) inactivation and the expression of several steroid-converting enzymes with a focus on aldoketoreductases 1C (AKR1C), especially AKR1C2, in abdominal adipose tissue in men. AKR1C2 is mainly involved in the conversion of the potent androgen 5alpha-DHT to its inactive forms 5alpha-androstane-3alpha/beta,17beta-diol (3alpha/beta-diol). Subcutaneous (s.c.) and omental (Om) adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from 21 morbidly obese men undergoing biliopancreatic derivation surgery and 11 lean to obese men undergoing general abdominal surgery. AKR1C2 mRNA and 5alpha-DHT inactivation were detected in both s.c. and Om adipose tissue. After incubation of preadipocytes with 5alpha-DHT, both 3alpha-diol and 3beta-diol were produced through 3alpha/beta-ketosteroid reductase (3alpha/beta-HSD) activity. In preadipocyte cultures, 3alpha-reductase activity was significantly predominant over 3beta-reductase activity in cells from both the s.c. and Om compartments. Expression levels of AKR1C1, AKR1C3 and of the androgen receptor were significantly higher in s.c. versus Om adipose tissue while mRNA levels of 17beta-HSD-2 (hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2) and 3(alpha-->beta)-hydroxysteroid epimerase were significantly higher in Om fat. 3Alpha/beta-HSD activity was mainly detected in the cytosolic fraction, suggesting that AKR1C may be responsible for this reaction. Experiments with isoform-specific AKR1C inhibitors in preadipocytes showed that AKR1C2 inhibition significantly decreased 3alpha-HSD and 3beta-HSD activities (3alpha-HSD: 30 +/- 24% of control for s.c. and 32 +/- 9% of control for Om, 3beta-HSD: 44 +/- 12% of control for s.c.). When cells were incubated with both AKR1C2 and AKR1C3 inhibitors, no significant additional inhibition was observed. 5Alpha-DHT inactivation was significantly higher in mature adipocytes compared with preadipocyte cultures in s.c. adipose tissue, as expressed per microgram total protein (755 +/- 830 versus 245 +/- 151 fmol 3alpha/beta-diol per microg protein over 24 h, P < 0.05 n = 10 cultures). 5Alpha-DHT inactivation measured in tissue homogenates was significantly higher in the s.c. depot compared with Om fat (117 +/- 39 versus 79 +/- 38 fmol 3alpha/beta-diol per microg prot over 24 h, P < 0.0001). On the other hand, Om 3alpha/beta-HSD activity was significantly higher in obese men (body mass index (BMI) >or= 30 kg/m2) compared with lean and overweight men (84 +/- 37 versus 52 +/- 30 fmol 3alpha/beta-diol per microg protein over 24 h, P < 0.03). No difference was found in s.c. 3alpha/beta-HSD activity between these groups. Positive correlations were found between s.c. 5alpha-DHT inactivation rate and circulating levels of the androgen metabolites androsterone-glucuronide (r = 0.41, P < 0.02) and 3alpha-diol-glucuronide (r = 0.38, P < 0.03) and with the adrenal precursor androstenedione (r = 0.42, P < 0.02). In conclusion, androgen inactivation was detected in abdominal adipose tissue in men, with higher 3alpha/beta-HSD activity in the s.c. versus Om depot. Higher Om 5alpha-DHT inactivation rates were found in obese compared with lean men. Further studies are required to elucidate whether local androgen inactivation in abdominal adipose tissue is involved in the modulation of adipocyte metabolism and regional fat distribution in men.
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PMID:Androgen inactivation and steroid-converting enzyme expression in abdominal adipose tissue in men. 1717 Feb 21

The study investigates the effect of weight-maintaining high-sucrose (HSD) and high-fat (HFD) diets on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in lean and obese women, and verifies the correlation between insulin profile and body composition. Lean (G1 group, n=6, BMI= 21.4 (20.2-22.8) kg/m2) and overweight/obese (G2 group, n=6, BMI 28.6 (25.1-32.1) kg/m2) women participated in the study. HSD (59% total carbohydrate with 23% sucrose; 28% lipid) or HFD (42% total carbohydrate with 1.3% sucrose; 45% lipid) diets were consumed under free-living conditions for 14 days. Anthropometry and body composition were assessed before and after HSD and HFD diets following-up. Fasting and postprandial (at 30, 60, 180 and 240 min) glucose and insulin were determined. HOMA-IR and QUICK index were also calculated. Fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin concentration did not differ significantly between groups or diets. However, there was a positive and significant correlation between plasma fasting and postprandial insulin concentrations and BMI, percentage of total body fat (% TBF) and HOMA-IR index. In addition, carbohydrate and sucrose intake presented a positive and significant correlation with insulin concentration and HOMA-IR at 180 min postprandial, after adjusting for energy intake and % TBF (p<0.05). These results suggest that altering the profile of the macronutrients in the diet can modify glycemia and insulinemia homeostasis, regardless of energy intake and adiposity. On the other hand, the overweight/obese women can maintain a stable metabolic profile with the habitual diet.
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PMID:Glycemia and insulinemia evaluation after high-sucrose and high-fat diets in lean and overweight/obese women. 1904 80

Background A significant relationship has been documented in the literature between the autonomic nervous system imbalance and cardiovascular mortality. In patients with autonomic failure, water ingestion has been shown to increase blood pressure (BP), induce bradycardia, and cause low heart rate variability (HRV). A few studies showed the altered HRV as an acute effect of ice water intake in healthy subjects. None of the studies have shown light on the relationship of BP and HRV to ice water intake in obese and overweight subjects. The present study is aimed to correlate BP and HRV with body mass index (BMI) after ice water ingestion. Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 60 subjects of both sexes aged between 18 and 24 years old. Subjects were assigned into three groups based on their BMI: normal, overweight, and obese. Before and after ice water ingestion, BP and HRV parameters were recorded and compared between the groups. Statistically data were analyzed by Student's paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results Basal HF was significant (p<0.05) in all three groups after ice water ingestion [F(2, 27), 44.1; p-value, 0.02]. After ice water ingestion, all HRV values were significant (p<0.001) in the three groups. The post-hoc Tukey HSD test demonstrated the less mean score for mean RR interval, standard deviation of all NN interval, standard deviation of differences between adjacent, HF and high for HR, LF, and LHR in overweight and obese subjects. Conclusions Because of the effective buffering system, healthy subjects showed increased HR and unchanged BP. Overweight and obese subjects showed decreased HR and increased BP.
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PMID:Cardioautonomic responses to acute ingestion of ice water and its correlation to body mass index. 3050 Jul 80

Back pain (BP) is a common condition of major social importance and poorly understood pathogenesis. Combining data from the UK Biobank and CHARGE consortium cohorts allowed us to perform a very large genome-wide association study (total N = 509,070) and examine the genetic correlation and pleiotropy between BP and its clinical and psychosocial risk factors. We identified and replicated 3 BP-associated loci, including one novel region implicating SPOCK2/CHST3 genes. We provide evidence for pleiotropic effects of genetic factors underlying BP, height, and intervertebral disk problems. We also identified independent genetic correlations between BP and depression symptoms, neuroticism, sleep disturbance, overweight, and smoking. A significant enrichment for genes involved in the central nervous system and skeletal tissue development was observed. The study of pleiotropy and genetic correlations, supported by the pathway analysis, suggests at least 2 strong molecular axes of BP genesis, one related to structural/anatomical factors such as intervertebral disk problems and anthropometrics, and another related to the psychological component of pain perception and pain processing. These findings corroborate with the current biopsychosocial model as a paradigm for BP. Overall, the results demonstrate BP to have an extremely complex genetic architecture that overlaps with the genetic predisposition to its biopsychosocial risk factors. The work sheds light on pathways of relevance in the prevention and management of low BP.
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PMID:Insight into the genetic architecture of back pain and its risk factors from a study of 509,000 individuals. 3074 4