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Query: UNIPROT:Q29983 (MIC)
 21,138 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comparison of agar dilution and microdilution susceptibility testing for eight antimicrobial agents, including roxithromycin, was performed against 48 isolates of Legionella pneumophila. For agar dilution tests, charcoal free agar (BSYE) and charcoal supplemented agar (BCYE) were used. In general, BSYE agar produced lower MICs than BCYE agar, except for imipenem. Microdilution testing data fell between the data obtained for the two agar media. The MBCs were two to sixteen fold higher than the MICs. Prolongation of the incubation time from 48 h to 72 h or growth in 5% CO2 did not influence the results. As tested by the microdilution method, an increase in the inoculum from 10(5) to 10(7) was associated with a two-fold increase in the MIC. Roxithromycin and two other investigational macrolides (A-56268 and rosaramicin) demonstrated better in-vitro activity than erythromycin.
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PMID:Susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to eight antimicrobial agents including four macrolides under different assay conditions. 252 10

This ether oxim derivative of erythromycin A is an easy to absorb oral antimicrobial somewhat less effective in vitro than erythromycin. At relatively low MIC's it is active against staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, branhnamella and chlamydiae, higher concentrations are needed against enterococci and some strains of H. influenzae. Roxithromycin is also reported to have a very good effect on campylobacters, many anaerobic bacteria, Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophilla. Its half-life in the serum of healthy individuals ranges from 9 to 16 hours. Maximum serum concentrations at 2 oral doses of 150 mg a day are reached at 3 to 4 days and vary from 5.5 to 11.1 mg/l. The distribution of roxithromycin in body tissues is excellent. In a group of 57 patients treated for various infections of clear etiology the positive therapeutic effects resulting in the state of bacteriological negativity was reached in 86% of cases. Roxithromycin can be recommended as a drug of choice in mild or less severe cases of infection caused by agents sensitive to this antimicrobial. Its excellent tolerance makes it especially well suited for use in pediatric practice.
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PMID:Roxithromycin--a new macrolide derivative. 269 62

A single dose of roxithromycin, 300 mg, was taken by six healthy male volunteers on three occasions at consecutive weekly intervals. It was well tolerated. On the first two occasions, roxithromycin was assayed in serum samples taken at intervals up to 8 h after the administration. The mean peak concentration at 1 h was 3.0 mg/l (range 0.3-7.3). The serum samples from the volunteers showed variable bactericidal activity against a strain of Streptococcus sanguis isolated from a case of bacterial endocarditis. Roxithromycin was not detected in saliva or gingival fluid. Smooth surface plaque samples taken at intervals were investigated for the emergence of streptococci resistant to roxithromycin at 2 and 8 mg/l. Initially two volunteers had small number of roxithromycin-resistant streptococci. At the end of the study all six volunteers had resistant streptococci detectable in their plaque samples and these accounted for 100% of the streptococci in two volunteers. The most resistant isolates (in several cases with MIC greater than 64 mg/l) were Str. sanguis or Str. mitior; individual volunteers tended to yield the same strain on consecutive samplings.
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PMID:Roxithromycin as a possible agent for prophylaxis of endocarditis: a study in normal volunteers. 273 23

The in vitro activities of 12 macrolide compounds against 28 Mycobacterium avium complex strains isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were determined by the conventional proportion method and by the BACTEC method. Clarithromycin (A-56268; TE-031), a new macrolide compound, was the most active agent tested, inhibiting 90% of strains at an MIC of 4 micrograms/ml by the BACTEC method. Roxithromycin (RU 28965) and erythromycylamine inhibited 90% of strains at 16 micrograms/ml. The organisms showed high levels of resistance to most other macrolide compounds.
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PMID:In vitro activities of several new macrolide antibiotics against Mycobacterium avium complex. 281 58

This study was set up to establish the regression curve for roxithromycin inhibition zone diameters (disks 15 micrograms) and MIC to create a strain distribution plot, in order to allow accurate interpretation of the disk diffusion method for testing susceptibility to roxithromycin. 373 bacterial strains were studied in three university hospital. Roxithromycin was active against erythromycin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci at concentrations of 0.06 to 4 micrograms/ml (mode 0.5). Erythromycin resistant strains were also resistant to roxithromycin. Enterococci could be divided into two populations, one resistant (MIC greater than 128 micrograms/ml) and the other with MIC of 0.5 to 32 (mode 1-2). This was also the case for Streptococci and Pneumococci with MIC lower for susceptible strains (mode 0.06-0.12). Roxithromycin was active on Haemophilus at concentrations of 0.12 to 32 micrograms/ml; MIC for beta-lactamase producing strains were comparable to those of strains not producing. MIC for Gonococci were low (less than 0.008 to 0.12), except for three strains. They were higher for Meningococci (0.03 to 32) with a majority of strains inhibited by 0.5 to 4 micrograms/ml. MIC were 4 for Clostridium perfringens; Bacteroides fragilis strains were inhibited by 0.5 to 2 micrograms/ml. The correlation coefficient for regression curve was 0.79; for critical concentrations less than or equal to 1 and greater than 4 micrograms/ml, critical diameters are greater than or equal to 22 and less than 17 mm.
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PMID:[In vitro activity of roxithromycin against hospital bacteria and the concordance curve]. 290 Apr 88

The effect of human serum and CO2 on the activity of roxithromycin and erythromycin was assessed. Protein binding of roxithromycin in serum from various animal sources, acid alpha 1-glycoprotein and human albumin V was determined. There was a four- to eight-fold increase in MIC and MBC of roxithromycin in the presence of 70 and 100% human serum (minimum effect seen with erythromycin) and for both compounds there was a four- to eight-fold increase in MIC for fastidious organisms in the presence of CO2. Roxithromycin appears to be selectively bound to acid alpha 1-glycoprotein, binding decreases with an increase in roxithromycin concentration (saturable at 10 mg/l) and protein binding is variable depending on animal source (86% human, 10% guinea pig) and this must be considered when data on activity from animal studies are evaluated.
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PMID:Factors affecting the in-vitro activity of roxithromycin. 312 52

Roxithromycin (RU 28965) is a new semi-synthetic derivative of erythromycin. Its antibacterial activity is of the same order as that of other macrolides, although its MIC's against Legionella pneumophila are lower. In double-blind comparative studies there was no significant difference in therapeutic effectiveness between roxithromycin and the reference antibiotics tested. However, this new macrolide exhibits exceptional pharmacological properties (prolonged half-life, excellent tissue penetration and intracellular activity), and it is very well tolerated both clinically and biochemically.
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PMID:[New aspects of macrolides: contribution of roxithromycin]. 332 52

The in-vitro antibacterial activity of roxithromycin was assessed by an agar dilution method against 900 recent clinical anaerobic isolates by five laboratories in England, France, Germany and Japan. Roxithromycin had similar activity to erythromycin against most anaerobic bacteria, the latter being slightly more active against Gram-negative bacilli. Roxithromycin inhibited 53% of the Bacteroides fragilis group strains; the noticeable exception was Bact. thetaiotaomicron, only 17% of strains of which were inhibited by 4 mg/l roxithromycin. In contrast, all isolates of Bacteroides, other than the Bact. fragilis group, and all Mobiluncus isolates were inhibited by 2 mg/l of roxithromycin or less. This compound was inactive against half the Fusobacterium strains. Roxithromycin and erythromycin inhibited 65 and 72%, respectively, of 436 strains of Gram-negative anaerobes (MIC less than or equal to 4 mg/l). Roxithromycin suppressed 97% of non-sporulating Gram-positive to bacilli, 86% of Peptococcoaceae and 95% of clostridia. Two-thirds of Clostridium difficile strains were susceptible to roxithromycin (MIC less than or equal to 1 mg/l). The activity of roxithromycin against Gram-positive bacilli was identical to that of erythromycin. Overall a concentration of 4 mg/l roxithromycin and erythromycin inhibited 79 and 83%, respectively, of the strains investigated.
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PMID:In-vitro comparison of roxithromycin and erythromycin against 900 anaerobic bacterial strains. 342 81

The in vitro activity of the new macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (RU 28965) was compared with the activities of five other orally absorbable antimicrobial agents against 100 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae. Roxithromycin MICs were generally twofold to fourfold higher than those of erythromycin; the MIC for 90% of the strains for roxithromycin was 8 micrograms/ml.
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PMID:In vitro activity of the new macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (RU 28965) against clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae. 348 19

The "in vitro" susceptibility to roxithromycin and three other macrolides of 236 anaerobes isolated from clinical samples in 1984/1985 was determined by an agar-dilution method on Wilkins Chalgren medium. 90% of Gram positive cocci were susceptible to both roxithromycin and josamycin (MIC less than 1 mg/l, whereas 1 mg/l erythromycin and 2 mg/l spiramycin were able to inhibit respectively 46 and 86% of the same tested strains. No resistance to the four macrolides was observed among Eubacterium, propionibacterium and Bifidobacterium. Two C. perfringens strains and one C. difficile strain were resistant to all four macrolides, while 97% of Clostridium sp. strains were inhibited by 4 mg/l erythromycin, josamycin or roxithromycin. Against Gram positive anaerobes, roxithromycin was equal or superior to erythromycin and spiramycin. At a concentration of 4 mg/l, roxithromycin inhibited 82% of B. fragilis strains. Roxithromycin and josamycin were more active against Gram negative bacilli that erythromycin and spiramycin. Macrolides had no effect on Fusobacterium strains. In this study, 4 mg/l roxithromycin inhibited 217 of the 236 anaerobic strains investigated (92%).
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PMID:[In vitro activity of roxithromycin, new semisynthetic macrolide against obligate anaerobes]. 353 17


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