Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:Q29983 (MIC)
 21,138 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For more than 30 years, penicillin has been the agent of choice for pneumococcal infections. During this time the majority of strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been highly susceptible to penicillin. However, during the last ten years there have been sporadic reports of pneumococci with increased resistance to penicillin. The case report of an 18-month-old white boy with meningitis due to a strain of S. pneumoniae with increased resistance to penicillin is presented. The MIC of the organism to penicillin was 0.2 mug/ml and the MBC 0.39 mug/ml. The patient had normal immunity and no demonstrable sequestered focus of infection but failed to respond to appropriate doses of intravenous penicillin. Treatment with chloramphenicol caused a dramatic bacteriologic and clinical response. This experience reemphasizes the existence of pneumococcal strains of intermediate penicillin sensitivity and the importance of in vitro susceptibility tests.
 ...
PMID:Prolonged pneumococcal meningitis due to an organism with increased resistance to penicillin. 0 56

The kinetics of the antibacterial actions of cephalexin and cephaloridin against a strain of Escherichia coli and a strain of Staphylococcus aureus were studied by a flow microcalorimeter. The heat production was related to the number of viable organisms (CFU ml-1), the pH, the optical density of the culture medium (OD540), and the morphology of the antibiotic-exposed bacteria. No heat effects could be registered when the number of CFU was below 10(4) ml-1. The addition of cephalexin, 2.5 microgram ml-1 (5 x MIC), to cultures of S. aureus caused a decrease in the heat production which was only roughly correlated with the number of CFU ml-1. This was also the case when 9.0 microgram ml-1 (2 x MIC) of this drug were added to cultures of E. coli. Two to three hours after the drugs had been added, no heat effects could be registered for the following 6--8 hours, after which an increase in the heat production again occurred. The MIC and MBC of the organisms isolated during this late heat increase were 8--40 times higher than those of the parent test organisms. A direct relation between drug concentration and response, i.e. heat effects produced, was found when increasing concentrations of cephalexin, i.e. 1.0 up to 50 micrograms ml-1 (2--100 x MIC) were added in the logarithmic growth phase to cultures of S. aureus. In ampoule calorimetric experiments, E. coli was cultured in a non-aerated, sealed growth vessel in the presence of cephalexin or cephaloridin in concentrations corresponding to 1/2 x MIC. The thermograms did not differ in shape, although the heat effects occurred somewhat later in the culture containing cephaloridin.
 ...
PMID:Microcalorimetric study of the effects of cephalexin and cephaloridin on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 2 39

Aqueous solubilities, oleyl alcohol: water and octanol: water partition coefficients, RM values, reduction in surface tension of water, relative antioxidant activities and pKa values, were determined for gallic acid and a series of its alkyl esters. Correlations were sought between these physico-chemical measurements and MIC, MBC and killing-rate determinations against Escherichia coli. Variations in antibacterial activity generally correlated well with partition parameters, but these correlations did not accurately predict the cut-off point in antibacterial activity.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between the antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli NCTC 5933 and the physico-chemical properties of some esters of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (Gallic acid). 4 58

The in vitro effects of Bay k 4999 in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin sisomicin and netilmicin in bacteriostatic (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations were compared using the checkerboard dilution technique against 20 different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and indole-positive-negative Proteus species. On average 63% of Bay k 4999-aminoglycoside (AG) combinations inhibited Pseudomonas, Proteus and Klebsiella strains additively and/or synergistically in bacteriostatic as well as in bactericidal concentrations as compared to only 14% additive or synergistic activity on E. coli. 35% of the combinations tested proved to be synergistic in K. pneumoniae, 20% in Proteus, 13% in Pseudomonas, but only 5% in E. coli. No significant differences between various Bay k 4999-AG combination effects could be demonstrated.
 ...
PMID:In vitro efficacy of Bay k 4999, a new ureido-penicillin, in combination with aminoglycosides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus strains. 11 78

By means of MBC and MIC determinations, the sensitivity tests of some pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeuruginosa were determined. Moreover it has been found production of H2S and higher amounts of piocianyne in resistant strains compared with sensible ones.
 ...
PMID:[Antibiotic sensitivity of some Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains]. 12 37

The "in vitro" effect of beta-chloro-D-alanine, a drug that inhibits cell-wall synthesis, was studied. We used some strains of microorganisms, mainly Gram-negative and resistant to antibiotics with the same mechanism of action. MIC and MBC values obtained show a poor efficacy of this drug. Therefore we studied the association of beta-chloro-D-alanine with ampicillin and fosfomycin. The evaluation of the results, determined by means of a graphic and a mathematical method, shows a good synergistic effect with both associations. Synergism is more marked with ampicillin.
 ...
PMID:[In vitro antibacterial activity of a halogenated derivative of D-alanine]. 12 80

Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC, MBC) of tinidazole for 80 New Zealand isolates of anaerobic bacteria were determined. Growth of 95 percent of the isolates was inhibited by 4 micrograms/ml or less of tinidazole. MBC values were the same as, or one dilution higher than, the MIC.
 ...
PMID:Susceptibility of New Zealand isolates to anaerobic bacteria to tinidazole. 29 Sep 23

The new antiprotozoal agent, tinidazole, was found to be bactericidal against all 52 isolates of obligate anaerobic bacteria tested, 42 Bacteroides fragilis, 4 clostridia and 6 peptostreptococci. The minimum bactericidal concentrations of tinidazole for B. fragilis ranged from 0.25 to 4 mug/ml, and those of metronidazole from 0.25 to 8 mug/ml, i.e. several times lower than the serum concentrations achievable after oral administration. In most cases the MIC was identical with MBC or half of it. On the average, tinidazole was slightly more effective against B. fragilis than metronidazole. Although essentially the activities of the two drugs were positively correlated, there was a fourfold difference in their MBC for 10 of the 42 B. fragilis.
 ...
PMID:Bactericidal activity of tinidazole. An in vitro comparison of the effects of tinidazole and metronidazole against Bacteroides fragilis and other Anaerobic bacteria. 31 74

In a prospective study of patients treated with cephalexin or co-trimoxazole, almost all isolated E. coli strains of intermediate susceptibility to ampicillin or cephalosporin (MIC 2-16 microgram/ml) were shown to produce beta-lactamase detectable with a chromogenic cephalosporin substrate, or by the clover-leaf test or the acidimetric method. When assayed in preparations of sonicated bacteria, the enzyme had a cephalosporinase-substrate profile in a large majority of cases. In order to evaluate the clinical significance of this beta-lactamase production, 48 patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) were treated with cephalexin, an antibiotic hydrolysed by the enzyme. Forty-three additional patients were treated with co-trimoxazole for comparison. A statistically significant difference in cure rate (p less than 0.05) was found after 2 weeks. Six recurrences occurred in the cephalexin group and none in the co-trimoxazole group. However, after six weeks there were 8 and 5 recurrences, respectively (p less than 0.05). There were no differences in beta-lactamase activity or MIC/MBC between initial strains and isolates from recurrent UTI. Thus, the recurrent infections were not due to emergence of resistance.
 ...
PMID:beta-lactamase production by strains of Escherichia coli of intermediate susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. A study of their clinical significance in urinary tract infection. 35 81

The cervical and high vaginal flora of 76 patients with cervicitis were studied before and after therapy with Ornidazol by quantitative culture methods. Lactobacilli were the predominant organisms, but Peptostreptococci, Bacteroides and Trichomonas were encountered in 17, respectively 32 and 81% of all specimens. During and after therapy Trichomonas disappeared completely, the bacterial flora normalized and became comparable to that of healthy women with incidences for Bacteroides of 8-13% and Peptostreptococci of 4-5%. The in vitro susceptibility (MIC and MBC) of 50 strains of Bacteroides to Ornidazol was determined by a broth dilution method and an agar plate technique. The MIC varied from 0.07 to 10 microgram/ml. All strains were susceptible to 10 microgram/ml. There was a slight variation in resistance between the various species tested. B. fragilis was less susceptible to Ornidazol than other Bacteroides species. Within the species B. fragilis the subspecies thetaiotaomicron and 'other' were most susceptible, spp. fragilis and spp. distasonis least.
 ...
PMID:Reaction of the vaginal flora to ornidazol in patients with cervicitis. 45 78


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>