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Query: UNIPROT:Q17RS7 (Gen)
 130,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an earlier study, we proposed that thyroid hormone stimulation of energy utilization by the Na(+) pump mediates the calorigenic response. In this study, the effects of triiodothyronine (T(3)) on total oxygen consumption (Q(OO2)), the ouabain-sensitive oxygen consumption [Q(OO2)(t)], and NaK-ATPase in liver, kidney, and cerebrum were measured. In liver, approximately 90% of the increase in Q(OO2) produced by T(3) in either thyroidectomized or euthyroid rats was attributable to the increase in Q(OO2)(t). In kidney, the increase in Q(OO2)(t) accounted for 29% of the increase in Q(OO2) in thyroidectomized and 46% of the increase in Q(OO2) in euthyroid rats. There was no demonstrable effect of T(3) in euthyroid rats on Q(OO2) or Q(OO2)(t) of cerebral slices. The effects of T(3) on NaK-ATPase activity in homogenates were as follows: In liver +81% from euthyroid rats and +54% from hypothyroid rats. In kidney, +21% from euthyroid rats and +69% from hypothyroid rats. T(3) in euthyroid rats produced no significant changes in NaK-ATPase or Mg-ATPase activity of cerebral homogenates. Liver plasma membrane fractions showed a 69% increase in NaK-ATPase and no significant changes in either Mg-ATPase or 5'-nucleotidase activities after T(3) injection. These results indicate that thyroid hormones stimulate NaK-ATPase activity differentially. This effect may account, at least in part, for the calorigenic effects of these hormones.
J Gen Physiol 1971 Jun
PMID:The mechanism of the calorigenic action of thyroid hormone. Stimulation of Na plus + K plus-activated adenosinetriphosphatase activity. 425 66

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) secretion in amphibia as well as thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin secretions in mammals. Since thyroid hormones regulate the stimulatory effect of TRH on TSH and prolactin, the possible role of thyroxine (T4) in the control of alpha-MSH secretion in amphibia, has been investigated. Neurointermediate lobes of Rana ridibunda were perifused in amphibian culture medium for 7 hr and the amounts of alpha-MSH released into the effluent perfusate were measured by radioimmunoassay. In vivo treatment with T4 (0.5 mg/kg twice a day for 9 days) did not modify the in vitro response of the neurointermediate lobes to TRH (10(-9) to 10(-7) M). In addition, prolonged infusion of T4 in vitro did not alter spontaneous and TRH-induced alpha-MSH release. In spite of the inhibitory effect of T4 on TRH-induced TSH and prolactin secretions in mammals, the present data show that, in frogs, thyroid hormone does not modulate the stimulation of alpha-MSH secretion induced by TSH.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Sep
PMID:In vitro study of frog (Rana ridibunda Pallas) neurointermediate lobe secretion by use of a simplified perifusion system. II. Lack of action of thyroxine on TRH-induced alpha-MSH secretion. 641 78

The effect of adrenal corticoids on the shrinkage of tail segments from Bufo bufo japonicus tadpoles was studied in vitro. Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DCA) was effective in accelerating the shrinkage of tail segments if thyroxine (T4) or triiodothyronine (T3) was present in the medium. The shrinkage caused by DCA was dose dependent. In the absence of thyroid hormone, DCA did not induce tail resorption. Shrinkage of tail segments induced by DCA and T4 was blocked by prolactin. Among the steroid hormones testes in vitro, aldosterone and corticosterone exhibited a potent activity in accelerating shrinkage of tail segments in the presence of T4. The nature of the corticoid action is discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Dec
PMID:Studies on corticoid action on the toad tadpole tail in vitro. 642 52

Thyroid function was examined in 50 affectively ill patients before and four weeks after carbamazepine treatment. Carbamazepine significantly and substantially decreased peripheral thyroid hormone levels while increases in thyrotropin levels, although significant, were of much smaller magnitude. Furthermore, the decreases in levels of thyroxine (T4) and free T4 were significantly greater in carbamazepine responders than in nonresponders. These findings are discussed in light of current theories of the role of the thyroid axis in affective illness.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984 Dec
PMID:Carbamazepine and thyroid function in affectively ill patients. Clinical and theoretical implications. 643 70

The metabolism of testosterone to reduced derivatives was studied in the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus, and the hyperstriatum dorsale of thyroidectomized, sham-operated, and thyroxine (T4)-injected immature cockerels. The levels of plasma thyroid hormones were markedly reduced (P less than 0.001) in thyroidectomized cockerels whereas thyroidectomized or sham-operated birds injected daily with 100 micrograms/kg thyroxine had significantly elevated (P less than 0.001) levels in comparison with sham-operated control birds. Each tissue was found to produce significant amounts of 5 beta-androstane-17 beta-ol-3-one (5 beta-DHT), 5 beta-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol (5 beta-3 alpha-diol), and androstenedione. Irrespective of thyroid state 5 beta-DHT and 5 beta-3 alpha-diol were produced to the greatest extent by the hyperstriatum dorsale whereas androstenedione was maximally produced in the pituitary gland. In comparison with the hyperstriatum dorsale and the hypothalamus only small quantities of 5 beta-DHT were produced in the pituitary gland. In the hyperstriatum dorsale of thyroidectomized birds both 5 beta-DHT (P less than 0.05) and 5 beta-3 alpha-diol (P less than 0.1) were formed to a greater extent than in sham-operated birds. This effect was reversed by administration of T4 to the operated birds which reduced the levels to those measured in the sham-operated controls. Similarly, injection of T4 into sham-operated birds decreased (P less than 0.05) the production of 5 beta-DHT in the hypothalamus while in the pituitary gland injection of T4 into thyroidectomized birds reduced the production of androstenedione (P less than 0.05). It was concluded that in the cockerel thyroid hormone is likely to play a role in the metabolism of testosterone. The physiological significance of 5 beta-reductase activity in the neuroendocrine tissues is discussed.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1984 Oct
PMID:Brain testosterone metabolism in thyroidectomized and thyroxine-treated chickens. 648 36

When exposed to constant long photoperiods the redheaded bunting, Emberiza bruniceps, was shown to become absolutely photorefractory and the condition was observed to be accelerated by thyroidectomy. Photoinduced gonadal growth was inhibited partially and the photoinduced increase in body weight was inhibited completely by thyroidectomy. Injection of thyroxine reversed the effects of thyroidectomy if administered during the nonbreeding photosensitive or breeding states, but had no effect in birds which had entered the photorefractory state. Gonadal growth was stimulated by pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin in intact and thyroidectomized photorefractory birds, suggesting that thyroidectomy does not lead to loss of response of the gonads to gonadotrophins but directly affects the secretion of gonadotrophins. Injection of prolactin increased the body weight of intact but not of thyroidectomized photorefractory birds, suggesting that metabolic photorefractoriness is due to a decreased secretion of prolactin and that the effects of T4 on body weight depend on its synergism with prolactin. It is suggested that thyroid hormone(s) may be part of the coupling mechanism(s) for body weight and gonad development cycles and that the beneficial role of thyroid hormones may consist in an increased threshold of the central nervous system control of neuroendocrine functions towards the negative feedback regulation of increased sex steroid levels.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1984 Oct
PMID:Light, thyroid, gonad, and photorefractory state in the migratory redheaded bunting, Emberiza bruniceps. 648 38

The effect of thyroxine (T4) on phosphorylation of non-histone proteins in rat liver nuclei was studied. Non-histone proteins obtained by extracting liver nuclei with 0.4 mol X l-1 KCl from normal (N), hypothyroid (Tx) and Tx rats treated with T4 (100 micrograms kg-1 B.W.), respectively, were incubated with 32P-ATP at 30 degrees C for 5 min followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiographic analysis. Endogenous phosphorylation in Tx rats was decreased. In T4 treated Tx rats phosphorylation of some proteins was recovered, however the 84 X 10(3) mol wt protein was not completely recovered. Phosphorylation of nuclear nonhistone proteins was not altered by the addition cAMP into the incubation. These findings show that in vitro phosphorylation of non-histone proteins of the rat liver nuclei occurs in some specific fractions which may be thyroid hormone dependent.
Gen Physiol Biophys 1984 Aug
PMID:Specific phosphorylation of nuclear non-histone proteins of rat liver after thyreoidectomy and T4 treatment. 650 Feb 53

In the eel, a low dose of tilapia growth hormone (tGH) (45 ng/g body wt), like ovine GH (oGH), induces a decrease in plasma thyroxine and a concomitant increase in plasma triiodothyronine, which result from a stimulation of peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine. Salmon prolactin (sPrl), unlike ovine Prl (oPrl), has no such action. Recognition of this specific action of growth hormone (GH) on production of active thyroid hormone (T3) opens up a new approach to the problem of the action of both hormones (GH, T3) in growth and in seawater adaptation of fish.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1984 Nov
PMID:Fish growth hormone enhances peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in the eel (Anguilla anguilla L.). 651 Jun 91

White suckers (Catostomus commersoni; Cypriniformes, Teleosteii) spawning in a small stream in central Alberta were captured during different stages of their spawning migrations in 1981 and 1982, blood was sampled, and the fish were examined to determine their reproductive condition. Blood samples were analyzed for gonadotropin (GtH), growth hormone (GH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) by radioimmunoassay. GtH levels in both sexes were lowest prior to the onset of spawning, increased significantly in spawning males, females in which germinal vesicle migration had begun, and ovulated females and then dropped significantly in spent fish of both sexes. GH was lowest in prespawning females, increased significantly at ovulation, and remained high in spent females. In contrast, GH levels in males were relatively constant throughout spawning. In both sexes, highest T4 levels were found in prespawning fish, and T4 decreased significantly in spent fish. Although a similar decline was seen in T3 in 1981, in 1982 there were no T3 changes associated with changes in reproductive condition. No significant diurnal variations were detected in the levels of GtH or T3; T4 levels appeared to vary on a diurnal basis in prespawning males only. Spawning activity in both sexes therefore appears to be associated with increases in GtH occurring at ovulation in females and at the initiation of spawning in males. GH levels may also be related to reproductive condition in females, but not in males. The relationship of thyroid hormone levels to reproductive condition is less clear, however, and these levels may reflect both endocrine and environmental influences on thyroid function.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1984 Dec
PMID:Endocrine changes during natural spawning in the white sucker, Catostomus commersoni. I. Gonadotropin, growth hormone, and thyroid hormones. 651 Jun 93

Serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were measured in wild-caught platypuses in southeastern Australia in summer (February) and late winter (September). There was little seasonal difference in thyroid hormone levels. Males had lower levels of both T4 and T3 than did females, but this was only statistically significant for T3. Juveniles had higher levels than adults. The levels of thyroxine ranged from 37 to 136 nmol . liter-1, and triiodothyronine from 0.3 to 1.7 nmol . liter-1. These thyroxine levels are much higher than found in marsupials or the other egg-laying mammal, the echidma, and it is suggested that they may be associated with the platypus' relatively high metabolism and growth rate.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1983 Sep
PMID:Thyroid hormone levels in an egg-laying mammal, the platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus. 662 69


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