Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q17RS7 (Gen)
 130,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Synthesis of cellular protein was substantially inhibited within 1 h of infection with herpes simplex virus, type 2, strain G (HSV-2). The inhibition also occurred, although no virus-specific protein synthesis was detected, after infection with u.v. irradiated virus and in cytoplasts that had been enucleated before infection. The inhibitory activity could not be distinguished from infectivity by dilution, sedimentation or reaction with gamma-globulin. HSV-2 also suppresssed the synthesis of Sendai virus proteins, but not those specified by HSV-1. Host protein synthesis was no more sensitive than virus protein synthesis to an increased concentration of NaCl in the medium, nor could the suppression of host synthesis be prevented by adding excess MgCl2 to the medium or by omitting CaCl2 or NaCl. It was accompanied by the breakdown of polyribosomes, which also occurred in the presence of cycloheximide but not at 4 degrees C. The breakdown yielded ribosomes that were sensitive to a high salt concentration, unlike those produced by treatment of polyribosomes with RNase. The synthesis of cellular DNA and RNA was also inhibited following infection with u.v.-inactivated virus. It is concluded that the suppression of host protein synthesis (and probably also of host DNA and RNA synthesis) is caused by a constituent of the infecting virus particles. The mechanism is obscure but probably does not depend on the leakage out of the cell of Mg2+ or into the cell or Ca2+ or Na+ ions, nor on the specific inhibition of initiation of host polypeptide chains, nor on RNase-like attack on host polyribosomes.
J Gen Virol 1978 Oct
PMID:Suppression of the synthesis of cellular macromolecules by herpes simplex virus. 21 20

Plasmolysed cells of Escherichia coli N212 (uvr A recA) acquired ultraviolet resistance when the cells were exposed to high concentrations of T4 endonuclease V. With increasing concentrations of T4 enzyme, survivals of plasmolysed cells after ultraviolet irradiation increased while colony-forming ability of unirradiated plasmolysed cells was not significantly affected by the enzyme treatment. Under appropriate conditions more than 200 fold increase in survivals was observed. When plasmolysed cells were treated with a pre-heated enzyme preparation or enzyme fractions derived from T4v1 (endonuclease V-deficient mutant)-infected cells, only little or no reactivation took place. Permeabilization of cells prior to the enzyme treatment was essential for the effective reactivation. Treatment of intact cells with the T4 enzyme did not cause any reactivation. Cells treated with 20 mM EGTA or 50 mM CaCl2 in cold were reactivated to certain extents by the enzyme, but the extents of the reactivation were far less compared to those of plasmolysed cells. Plasmolysed cells of strains carrying a mutation in one of uvrA, uvrB and uvrC genes were reactivated by introduction of T4 endonuclease V, as was the uvrA recA double mutant. UvrD mutants were also reactivated, but rather slightly. However, wild type strain as well as strains having a mutation in recA or polA gene were not reactivated. From these results it was suggested that T4 endonuclease V, taken up into permeable cells, can function in vivo to replace defective functions, which are controlled by the uvr genes. The conditions established in the present study may be used for introduction of other proteins into viable bacterial cells.
Mol Gen Genet 1979 Jan 05
PMID:Introduction of an active enzyme into permeable cells of Escherichia coli: acquisition of ultraviolet light resistance by uvr mutants on introduction of T4 endonuclease V. 37 39

Addition of calcium ions increased 2- to 3-fold the growth of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 2I in a minimal glucose-containing medium. The minimal concentration enhancing growth was 25 to 50 mug/ml CaCl2. Other divalent and trivalent cations tested, except for strontium ions, did not duplicate the calcium effect. Actively growing and dividing cells took up 45Ca2+, while resting yeast cells did not. The radiocalcium taken up was incorporated into newly synthesized structural material, presumably into the membrane protein.
J Gen Microbiol 1976 Jan
PMID:Effect of calcium ions on growth and metabolism of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. 81 53

Protoplasts of methionine- and lysine-requiring h- mutants isolated from the L972 h- strain of Schizosaccharomyces pombe were fused. The protoplasts were obtained from the cells with enzymes produced by Trichoderma viride. When a mixture of the protoplasts was treated with 30% PEG 4000 solution containing 10 mM CaCl2, cell fusion and complementation was attained with a frequency of 0.17%. Both fusion partners were recovered among the spores after crossing of the fusion products with the strain M210 ade6 h+. Cytological and haploidization examinations showed that the fusion cells are not heterokaryons, and that the increased amount of genetic material is situated in one nucleus.
Mol Gen Genet 1977 Feb 28
PMID:Protoplast fusion of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Auxotrophic mutants of identical mating-type. 86 81

Phage P1 does not adsorb to S. typhinurium wild type cells. It does adsorb to rough derivatives including strains with mutations in the galE gene. Phage strain P1CM clr-100 can be efficiently propagated in S. typhimurium derivatives, either by induction of a lysogene, or by lytic infection. Phage P1 lysates are able to mobilize genetic markers in a generalized fashion. The transduction system is essentially identical to that in Escherichia coli, except that CaCl2 is not required for efficient adsorption. Two regions of the S. typhimurium chromosome were mapped by P1-mediated transduction. Several examples of genes linked by P1, and unlinked by P22, are presented. The relative efficiency of P1 over P22 in transduction was not determined, however. Data presented indicate unambigously that the gene order for the trp region is: his ... dad A-hem A-trp-pyrF ... pyrC but known markers in between were not used. The gene order for the cys A region was determined to be as follows: pheA ... purC-cys A-trz A-pts-dsd-aro D-purF ... his, and special mapping problems for this region are discussed.
Mol Gen Genet 1975
PMID:Transduction by phage P1CM clr-100 in Salmonella typhimurium. 110 47

1. The effects of the estrogens estradiol (E2, 10(-7) to 3 x 10(-5) M) and diethylstilbestrol (DES, 10(-7) to 3 x 10(-6) M) on tonic contractions of the rat uterus induced by KCl and CaCl2 have been studied. 2. E2 and DES relaxed, in a dose-dependent way, the tonic contraction induced by KCl (60 mM) (IC50: 5.16 +/- 1.49 x 10(-6) and 4.51 +/- 0.03 x 10(-7) M); the tonic contraction induced by CaCl2 (3 mM) in the rat uterus incubated in depolarizing Krebs (127 mM of K+) have also been relaxed (IC50: 8.6 +/- 0.03 x 10(-7) and 2.56 +/- 0.07 x 10 M) by both drugs. 3. The CaCl2 (0.1 to 10 mM) counteracted the relaxing effect of E2 and DES, respectively, up to 28.13 +/- 10.2% and 34.71 +/- 11.5%, on KCl-induced contractions, and up to 126.36 +/- 19.35% and 95.8 +/- 16.3% on CaCl2-induced contractions. 4. Bay K 8644 (10(-10) to 10(-6) M) reversed the relaxing effect of E2 and DES, respectively, up to 42.49 +/- 2.28% and 43.31 +/- 3.59% on KCl-induced contractions, and up to 21.73 +/- 4.16% and 75.97 +/- 9.63% on CaCl2-induced contractions. 5. Propranolol (10(-6) M) did not modify the relaxing effect of E2 or DES on CaCl2-induced contractions.
Gen Pharmacol 1992 May
PMID:Differential effect of calcium and Bay K 8644 on the inhibitory action of estrogens in the rat uterus. 138 Sep 36

1. The effect of progesterone (P, 6 x 10(-6)-6 x 10(-5) M) and the antiandrogens cyproterone acetate (CPA, 10(-7)-10(-5) M), flutamide (F, 10(-6)-6 x 10(-5) M) and spironolactone (S, 10(-6)-6 x 10(-5) M) on the KCl-induced tonic contraction of the isolated rat uterus have been assayed. 2. The antiandrogens relaxed, in a dose-dependent way, the KCl-induced contraction (EC50, 2.804 +/- 0.506 x 10(-6); 1.671 +/- 0.308 x 10(-5); and 3.042 +/- 0.14 x 10(-5) M, respectively for CPA, S and F). P also relaxed the KCl-induced contraction (EC50, 2.436 +/- 0.524 x 10(-5) M). 3. CaCl2 (0.1-10 mM) counteracted the relaxing effect of CPA, S, F, and P, respectively, up to 100, 80.63, 60.66 and 90.57%. 4. The 17-OH-progesterone derivative CPA, but not S or F, reduces at small doses (6 x 10(-8) M), but not at higher concentrations (6 x 10(-7)-6 x 10(-6) M), the relaxing effect of progesterone.
Gen Pharmacol 1992 Jul
PMID:Effects of antiandrogens and progesterone on isolated rat uterus. 139 71

Genetic transformation of cereals by direct DNA delivery via microprojectile bombardment has become an established procedure in recent years. But the derivation of functional transgenic plants, especially in wheat, is still problematic, mainly due to low efficiency of DNA delivery and the reduced regeneration capability of microprojectile-bombarded tissue. We focussed on these two aspects and found that the regeneration of scutellar calli of wheat can be rendered highly efficient and considerably accelerated by a liquid culture phase in screen rafts. We also found that the expression of a reporter gene following DNA delivery by microprojectile can be improved by maintaining the scutellar calli in 0.25 M mannitol before and after bombardment, by bombardment in the presence of silver thiosulfate and Ca(NO3)2 (rather than CaCl2) and by the elimination of spermidine from the DNA/microprojectile mixture. A protocol that includes all these features leads to several-fold higher transient expression of the reporter gene than have previously published procedures.
Mol Gen Genet 1992 Nov
PMID:Improvement of plant regeneration and GUS expression in scutellar wheat calli by optimization of culture conditions and DNA-microprojectile delivery procedures. 146 2

Mechanosensitive ion channels have been described in many types of cells. These channels are believed to transduce pressure signals into intracellular biochemical and physiological events. In this study, the patch-clamp technique was used to identify and characterize a mechanosensitive ion channel in rat atrial cells. In cell-attached patches, negative pressure in the pipette activated an ion channel in a pressure-dependent manner. The pressure to induce half-maximal activation was 12 +/- 3 mmHg at +40 mV, and nearly full activation was observed at approximately 20 mmHg. The probability of opening was voltage dependent, with greater channel activity at depolarized potentials. The mechanosensitive channel was identical to the K+ channel previously shown to be activated by arachidonic acid and other lipophilic compounds, as judged by the outwardly rectifying current-voltage relation, single channel amplitude, mean open time (1.4 +/- 0.3 ms), bursty openings, K+ selectivity, insensitivity to any known organic inhibitors of ion channels, and pH sensitivity. In symmetrical 140 mM KCl, the slope conductance was 94 +/- 11 pS at +60 mV and 64 +/- 8 pS at -60 mV. Anions and cations such as Cl-, glutamate, Na+, Cs+, Li+, Ca2+, and Ba2+ were not permeant. Extracellular Ba2+ (1 mM) blocked the inward K+ current completely. GdCl3 (100 microM) or CaCl2 (100 microM) did not alter the K+ channel activity or amplitude. Lowering of intracellular pH increased the pressure sensitivity of the channel. The K+ channel could be activated in the presence of 5 mM intracellular [ATP] or 10 microM glybenclamide in inside-out patches. In the absence of ATP, when the ATP-sensitive K+ channel was active, the mechanosensitive channel could further be activated by pressure, suggesting that they were two separate channels. The ATP-sensitive K+ channel was not mechanosensitive. Pressure activated the K+ channel in the presence of albumin, a fatty acid binding protein, suggesting that pressure and arachidonic acid activate the K+ channel via separate pathways.
J Gen Physiol 1992 Dec
PMID:A mechanosensitive K+ channel in heart cells. Activation by arachidonic acid. 148 83

1. In concentrations from 10(-8) M to 3 x 10(-4) M, cirsiliol caused concentration-dependent relaxation of rat isolated ileum. 2. Phentolamine (10(-6) M) or phentolamine and propranolol (10(-6) M) had no significant effects on the concentration-effect curves or on the EC50 of cirsiliol on the ileum. 3. Cirsiliol shifted to the right the acetylcholine (Ach) concentration-effect curves on ileum and significantly inhibited the maximum contractions induced by Ach. 4. In Ca(2+)-free, depolarizing solution, cirsiliol shifted to the right the CaCl2 concentration-effect curves and inhibited the maximum contractions induced by CaCl2 on ileum. 5. Large concentrations (10(-4) M, 3 x 10(-4) M) of cirsiliol induced relaxation followed by contraction of the ileal segments incubated in Ca(2+)-free solution. 6. In Ca(2+)-free solution, cirsiliol (10(-4) M, 3 x 10(-4) M) caused concentration-dependent potentiation of the ileal contractions induced by 3 x 10(-3) M Ach when the latter was added 2-3 min after cirsiliol. When Ach was added 15-20 min after cirsiliol, the latter compound inhibited the Ach-induced contractions. 7. These observations suggest that cirsiliol inhibits Ca2+ influx but stimulates Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Furthermore, they suggest that cirsiliol utilizes the same Ca2+ source used by acetylcholine in Ca(2+)-free solution.
Gen Pharmacol 1992 May
PMID:Effects of cirsiliol, a flavone isolated from Achillea fragrantissima, on rat isolated ileum. 151 63


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