Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q16795 (ubiquinone)
 5,455 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites--digoxin (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmitter/aminoacid transport), dolichol (regulates N-glycosylation of proteins) and ubiquinone (free radical scavenger). This was assessed in patients with essential hypertension, familial hypotension, acute coronary artery disease and acute thrombotic strokes. The pathway was also assessed in patients with right hemispheric, left hemispheric and bihemispheric dominance for comparison. In patients with acute coronary artery disease, acute thrombotic stroke, essential hypertension and right hemispheric dominance, there was elevated digoxin synthesis, increased dolichol and glycoconjugate levels and low ubiquinone and high free radical levels. There was also an increase in tryptophan catabolites, reduction in tyrosine catabolites, increase in cholesterol-phospholipid ratio and a reduction in glycoconjugate level of RBC membrane in this group of patients as well as in those with right hemispheric dominance. In patients with familial hypotension and left hemispheric dominance, the patterns were reversed. The role of a dysfunctional isoprenoid pathway and endogenous digoxin in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and familial hypotension and in thrombotic vascular disease in relation to hemispheric dominance is discussed.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin and neural regulation of blood pressure and vascular thrombosis. 1125 82

The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites-digoxin (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor and regulator of intracellular calcium-magnesium ratios), dolichol (regulator of N-glycosylation of proteins) and ubiquinone (free radical scavenger). The pathway was assessed in a rare and specific type of familial basal ganglia calcification described. The family had a coexistence of basal ganglia calcification (six out of 10 cases), schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic tumours and syndrome X and were all right hemispheric dominant. The isoprenoid pathway was also studied for comparison in right hemispheric dominant, bihemispheric dominant and left hemispheric dominant individuals. The isoprenoid pathway was upregulated with increased digoxin synthesis in familial basal ganglia calcification. Membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibition can lead on to increase in intracellular calcium and calcification of the basal ganglia. There was increase in tryptophan catabolites and a reduction in tyrosine catabolites. There was also an increase in dolichol and glycoconjugate levels with reduced lysosomal stability in these patients. The ubiquinone levels were low and free radical levels increased. The cholesterol-phospholipid ratio was increased and glycoconjugate level of the RBC membrane reduced in these group of patients. No significance difference was noted in family members with and without basal ganglia calcification. This findings were correlated with the pathogenesis of syndrome X, immune mediated diseases, degenerations, tumours and psychiatric disorders noted in the familial basal ganglia calcification described. The biochemical patterns obtained in familial basal ganglia calcification correlated with those in right hemispheric dominance.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin related membrane Na+-K+ ATPase inhibition and familial basal ganglia calcification. 1181 7

The isoprenoid pathway produces 3 key metabolites: digoxin (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmitter transport), dolichol (regulates N-glycosylation of proteins), and ubiquinone (free radical scavenger). The pathway was assessed in patients with human male infertility (oligospermia and decreased motility). It was also studied for comparison in patients with right hemispheric, left hemispheric, and bihemispheric dominance. The results of the study showed that the isoprenoid pathway was upregulated with increased digoxin synthesis in all 3 groups of patients. There was also a reduction in membrane Na(+)-K(+) ATPase activity and serum magnesium levels. There was an increase in tryptophan catabolites and a reduction in tyrosine catabolites. The dolichol and glycoconjugate levels increased and lysosomal stability was reduced with increased serum lysosomal enzymes in all 3 groups. The ubiquinone levels were low and free radicals increased. The cholesterol:phospholipid ratio increased and glycoconjugate was reduced in the membrane of these patients. This pattern correlated with those in right hemispheric dominance. The significance of these factors in the pathogenesis of human male infertility is discussed.
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PMID:Isoprenoid pathway dysfunction in human male infertility. 1262 48

The present study assessed the biochemical differences of free radical metabolism and mitochondrial function between right hemispheric dominant and left hemispheric dominant individuals. The following parameters were measured: (1) plasma HMG CoA reductase activity, (2) isoprenoid metabolites--digoxin and ubiquinone, (3) plasma magnesium and RBC membrane Na(+)-K+ ATPase activity; (4) lipid peroxidation products--malondialdehyde, hydroperoxides and conjugated dienes, and NO, (5) reduced glutathione, and (6) activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, GSH peroxidase, and GSH reductase. The results showed that right hemispheric dominant individuals had (i) increased plasma HMG CoA reductase activity and elevated digoxin levels, (ii) decreased plasma magnesium and RBC membrane Na(+)-K+ ATPase activity, (iii) reduced ubiquinone levels, (iv) with increased levels of lipid peroxidation products and NO, (v) decreased levels of reduced glutathione and free radical scavenging enzymes, and (vi) increased tryptophan and reduced tyrosine levels. Left hemispheric dominant individuals had the opposite patterns. Right hemispheric dominance represents a hyperdigoxinemic state with membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibition and increased lipid peroxidation. Left hemispheric dominance represents the reverse pattern with hypodigoxinemic/membrane sodium-potassium ATPase stimulation and decreased lipid peroxidation. Cerebral dominance can regulate mitochondrial function and free radical metabolism.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin, cerebral dominance, and mitochondrial function/free radical metabolism. 1265 94

The present study assessed the biochemical differences in lipid metabolism between right hemispheric dominant and left hemispheric dominant individuals. The HMG CoA reductase activity and the serum isoprenoidal metabolities--digoxin, dolichol, and ubiquinone--were studied. The results showed that right hemispheric dominant individuals had (i) increased HMG CoA reductase activity, (ii) elevated serum digoxin levels, (iii) reduced serum ubiquinone levels, (iv) increased serum tryptophan and reduced tyrosine, (v) increased serum dolichol levels, and (vi) decreased RBC membrane Na(+)-K+ ATPase activity and serum magnesium levels. Left hemispheric dominant individuals had the opposite patterns. Right hemispheric dominance represents a hyperdigoxinemic state with membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibition and an upregulated isoprenoid pathway. Left hemispheric dominance represents the reverse pattern with hypodigoxinemia/membrane sodium-potassium ATPase stimulation and a downregulated isoprenoid pathway. Cerebral dominance can regulate lipid metabolism.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin, cerebral dominance, and lipid metabolism. 1269 Oct 3

Ayurveda, the traditional Indian System of Medicine, deals with the theory of the three tridosha states (both physical and psychological): Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. They are the three major human constitutional types that both depend on psychological and physical characteristics. The Pitta state is described as a critical, discriminative, and rational psychological state of mind, while the Kapha state is described as being dominant for emotional stimuli. The Vata state is an intermediate unstable shifting state. The Pitta types are of average height and built with well developed musculature. The Vata types are thin individuals with low body mass index. The Kapha types are short stocky individuals that tend toward obesity, and who are sedentary. The study assessed the biochemical differences between right hemispheric dominant, bihemispheric dominant, and left hemispheric dominant individuals, and then compared this with the patterns obtained in the Vata, Pitta, and Kapha states. The isoprenoid metabolites (digoxin, dolichol, and ubiquinone), glycoconjugate metabolism, free radical metabolism, and the RBC membrane composition were studied. The hemispheric chemical dominance in various systemic diseases and psychological states was also investigated. The results showed that right hemispheric chemically dominant/Kapha state had elevated digoxin levels, increased free radical production and reduced scavenging, increased tryptophan catabolites and reduced tyrosine catabolites, increased glycoconjugate levels and increased cholesterol: phospholipid ratio of RBC membranes. Left hemispheric chemically dominant/Pitta states had the opposite biochemical patterns. The patterns were normal or intermediate in the bihemispheric chemically dominant/Vata state. This pattern could be correlated with various systemic and neuropsychiatric diseases and personality traits. Right hemispheric chemical dominance/Kapha state represents a hyperdigoxinemic state with membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibition. Left hemispheric chemical dominance/Pitta state represents the reverse pattern with hypodigoxinemia and membrane sodium-potassium ATPase stimulation. The Vata state is the intermediate bihemispheric chemical dominant state. Ninety-five percent of the patients/individuals in the tridosha, pathological, and psychological groups were right-handed/left hemispheric dominant, however, their biochemical patterns were different--either left hemispheric chemical dominant or right hemispheric chemical dominant. Hemispheric chemical dominance/tridosha states had no correlation with cerebral dominance detected by handedness/dichotic listening test.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin, hemispheric chemical dominance, and the tridosha theory. 1274 26

The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites: i) digoxin (a membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor which can regulate intracellular calcium/magnesium ratios), ii) dolichol (which regulates N-glycosylation of proteins), and iii) ubiquinone (a free radical scavenger), all of which are important in bone and joint metabolism. The pathway was assessed in senile osteoporosis, spondylosis, and osteoarthritis. Digoxin could possibly play a role in the genesis of cerebral dominance because it can regulate multiple neurotransmitter systems. The pathway was also assessed in individuals of differing hemispheric dominance for comparison and to find out the role of cerebral dominance in the pathogenesis of these diseases. The plasma/serum-activity of HMG CoA reductase, magnesium, digoxin, dolichol, ubiquinone, and tryptophan/tyrosine catabolic patterns, as well as RBC Na(+)-K+ ATPase activity, were measured in the above mentioned groups. The glycoconjugate metabolism, free radical metabolism, and membrane composition were also studied. The pathway was upregulated with increased digoxin synthesis in patients with spondylosis and osteoarthritis. In this group of patients, the glycoconjugate levels and dolichol levels were increased and lysosomal stability reduced. The ubiquinone levels were low and free radicals increased in spondylosis and osteoarthritis. On the other hand, in senile osteoporosis, the isoprenoid pathway was downregulated and digoxin synthesis reduced. The glycoconjugate and dolichol levels were low and lysosomal stability increased. The ubiquinone levels were increased and free radical production increased in senile osteoporosis. The significance of these changes in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, spondylosis, and osteoporosis is discussed. The hyperdigoxinemic state is seen in osteoarthritis and spondylosis and in right hemispheric dominance. The hypodigoxinemic state is seen in left hemispheric dominance and senile osteoporosis. Hemispheric dominance plays a crucial role in deciding the predisposition to bone and joint diseases. Right hemispheric chemical dominance predisposes to spondylosis and osteoarthritis. Left hemispheric chemical dominance predisposes to osteoporosis.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin and hemispheric chemical dominance--relation to the pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis, degenerative osteoarthritis, and spondylosis. 1280 38

The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites--digoxin (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmitter transport), dolichol (regulator of N-glycosylation of proteins), and ubiquinone (free radical scavenger). The isoprenoid pathway was assessed in patients with bronchial asthma. The pathway was also assessed in patients with right hemispheric, left hemispheric, and bihemispheric dominance to find out the role of hemispheric dominance in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. The pathway was upregulated with increase in digoxin synthesis in bronchial asthma. There was an increase in tryptophan catabolites and a reduction in tyrosine catabolites in patients with bronchial asthma. The ubiquinone levels were low and lipid peroxidation increased in these patients. There was increase in dolichol and glycoconjugate levels and reduction in lysosomal stability in these patients. The cholesterol:phospholipid ratio was increased and glycoconjugate levels were reduced in the membranes of these patients. The patterns noticed in bronchial asthma were similar to those in patients with right hemispheric chemical dominance. Bronchial asthma occurs in right hemispheric chemically dominant individuals. Ninety percent of the patients with bronchial asthma were right-handed and left hemispheric dominant by the dichotic listening test. But their biochemical patterns were similar to those obtained in right hemispheric chemical dominance. Hemispheric chemical dominance is a different entity and has no correlation with handedness or the dichotic listening test.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin and hemispheric chemical dominance in relation to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. 1288 27

The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites--endogenous digoxin (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor, immunomodulator, and regulator of neurotransmitter/amino acid transport), dolichol (regulates N-glycosylation of proteins), and ubiquinone (free radical scavenger). This was assessed in patients with chronic bronchitis emphysema. The pathway was also assessed in patients with right hemispheric, left hemispheric, and bihemispheric dominance to find the role of hemispheric dominance in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis emphysema. All the 15 patients with chronic bronchitis emphysema were right-handed/left hemispheric dominant by the dichotic listening test. In patients with chronic bronchitis emphysema there was elevated digoxin synthesis, increased dolichol, and glycoconjugate levels, and low ubiquinone and elevated free radical levels. There was also an increase in tryptophan catabolites and a reduction in tyrosine catabolites. There was an increase in cholesterol:phospholipid ratio and a reduction in glycoconjugate levels of RBC membrane in patients with chronic bronchitis emphysema. The same biochemical patterns were obtained in individuals with right hemispheric dominance. Endogenous digoxin by activating the calcineurin signal transduction pathway of T-cell can contribute to immune activation in chronic bronchitis emphysema. Increased free radical generation can also lead to immune activation. Endogenous synthesis of nicotine can contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Altered glycoconjugate metabolism and membranogenesis can lead to defective lysosomal stability contributing to the disease process by increased release of lysosomal proteases. The role of an endogenous digoxin and hemispheric dominance in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis emphysema and in the regulation of lung structure/function is discussed. The biochemical patterns obtained in chronic bronchitis emphysema is similar to those obtained in left-handed/right hemispheric chemically dominant individuals by the dichotic listening test. But all the patients with chronic bronchitis emphysema were right-handed/left hemispheric dominant by the dichotic listening test. Hemispheric chemical dominance has no correlation with handedness or the dichotic listening test. Chronic bronchitis emphysema occurs in right hemispheric chemically dominant individuals and is a reflection of altered brain function. Hemispheric chemical dominance can play a role in the regulation of lung function and structure.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin, hemispheric chemical dominance, and chronic bronchitis emphysema. 1295 42

The isoprenoid pathway produces three key metabolites--endogenous digoxin-like factor (EDLF) (membrane sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmitter transport), ubiquinone (free radical scavenger), and dolichol (regulator of glycoconjugate metabolism). The pathway was assessed in peptic ulcer and acid peptic disease and its relation to hemispheric dominance studied. The activity of HMG CoA reductase, serum levels of EDLF, magnesium, tryptophan catabolites, and tyrosine catabolites were measured in acid peptic disease, right hemispheric dominant, left hemispheric dominant, and bihemispheric dominant individuals. All the patients with peptic ulcer disease were right-handed/left hemispheric dominant by the dichotic listening test. The pathway was upregulated with increased EDLF synthesis in peptic ulcer disease (PUD). There was increase in tryptophan catabolites and reduction in tyrosine catabolites in these patients. The ubiquinone levels were low and free radical production increased. Dolichol and glycoconjugate levels were increased and lysosomal stability reduced in patients with acid peptic disease (APD). There was increase in cholesterol:phospholipid ratio with decreased glyco conjugate levels in membranes of patients with PUD. Acid peptic disease represents an elevated EDLF state which can modulate gastric acid secretion and the structure of the gastric mucous barrier. It can also lead to persistence of Helicobacter pylori infection. The biochemical pattern obtained in peptic ulcer disease is similar to those obtained in left-handed/right hemispheric chemically dominant individuals. But all the patients with peptic ulcer disease were right-handed/left hemispheric dominant by the dichotic listen ing test. Hemispheric chemical dominance has no correlation with handedness or the dichotic listening test. Peptic ulcer disease occurs in right hemispheric chemically dominant individuals and is a reflection of altered brain function.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin, hemispheric chemical dominance, and peptic ulcer disease. 1453 38


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