Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q0Z944 (hemoglobin)
 63,986 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the period 1960 to 1978, 98 patients underwent intracardiac repair of Fallot's tetralogy after palliative operations. Preoperative symptoms were cyanosis, dyspnea, increased fatigue with squatting and hypoxic spells. The hemoglobin concentration varied from 19 to 22 g/100 ml. At correction only 65 of 95 shunts were patent and needed surgical closure. Seventeen early deaths occurred (19%), the main causes being cardiac failure and arrhythmia. One patient died 3 years after correction from pneumonia. The subjective clinical result was excellent or good in all surviving patients. At repeat heart catheterization in 26 patients a high percentage of residual ventricular septal defects and pulmonary stenosis/insufficiency was found. However, the majority of defects were of minimal haemodynamic significance, and so far did not seem to do harm to the patients' subjective function.
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PMID:Correction of Fallot's tetralogy after palliative operations. 8 99

Report on an 18-year-old patient who developed a respiratory distress syndrome after trauma without bone fractures and with only minimal soft tissue contusion. Twelve hours after the accident fever and dyspnea appeared, accompanied later by hemoptysis, microhematuria, a fall in hemoglobin and in platelet count, petechiae on the skin and in the conjunctiva, cotton-wool lesions in the retina and micronodular shadows in the lungs. Various pathogenetic mechanisms other than bone marrow fat embolism are discussed in the light of this case.
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PMID:[Fat embolism syndrome without fractures]. 63 9

A rebreathing technique was utilized to assess changes in diffusing capacity (DCO), pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc), pulmonary parenchymal tissue volume (Vt), and cardiac output (Qc), after infusion of 2 liters of 0.9% saline intravenously in 13-25 min in five healthy subjects. Blood hemoglobin concentration decreased an average of 17%. Vc increased strikingly in all five subjects. No significant changes in Vt, or in Vt per unit lung volume were observed. Radiographic evidence of interstitial pulmonary edema was present in four of the five subjects. Radiographic total lung capacity was reduced significantly in four of the five subjects. Significant reductions in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1.0 and 3.0 s, and mean forced expiratory flow during the middle half of the FVC occurred in three of the five subjects. No dyspnea, cough, or physical examination abnormalities of lungs or heart occurred. This noninvasive, ventilation-limited, rebreathing technique appears capable of detecting early changes in pulmonary congestion, at a time when definitive radiographic changes and changes in the physical examination are absent. It appears capable of detecting the increase in Vc associated with hypervolemia in man.
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PMID:Rebreathing pulmonary capillary and tissue volume in normals after saline infusion. 89 78

Evidence for severe intrapulmonary bleeding was obtained in 3 anticoagulated patients who presented with pulmonary infiltrates. The diagnosis of pulmonary hemorrhage was based on findings of markedly elevated quantities of stainable hemosiderin and hemoglobin in alveolar macrophages retrieved by bronchopulmonary lavage. In 2 of the patients, roentgenographic abnormalities regressed after anticoagulation was reversed. The third patient died and massive bilateral pulmonary hemorrhage was found at autopsy. The syndrome of occult pulmonary hemorrhage was characterized clinically by dyspnea, unexplained acute anemia, and infiltrates with an alveolar pattern on chest roentgenogram. Hemoptysis was conspicuously absent. Bronchopulmonary lavage and quantification of alveolar macrophage hemosiderin content may be useful in identifying intrapulmonary bleeding occurring in an otherwise occult manner. Recognition of pulmonary hemorrage in anticoagulated patients is important because reversal of anticoagulation can be life saving.
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PMID:Occult pulmonary hemorrhage in anticoagulated patients. 114 81

Adequate oxygen delivery to the tissues can usually be assured until the hemoglobin concentration falls below 7-8 g/dl in patients with chronic anemia provided their compensatory mechanisms are not impaired. Such a reduction of hemoglobin concentration is usually tolerated without symptoms at rest. Under increased physical activity or by an underlying impaired function of the lung or the cardiovascular system, adaptation to anemia may not be sufficient. For this reason the impact of anemia and the resulting hypoxemia must be assessed by determining oxygen needs at various levels of physical activity. The clinical assessment for adequate oxygenation of tissues can be sufficiently estimated by simple parameters as tachycardia, dyspnea etc. Benefits from replenishing O2 carrying capacity by transfusion must be always balanced against transfusion-associated risks. Below a hemoglobin concentration of 7 g/dl oxygen transport is impeded and transfusions are necessary to avoid jeopardizing the patient by additional stressful illnesses such as fever.
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PMID:[The critical hemoglobin value in the therapy of chronic anemia]. 128 10

A 38-year-old man was hospitalized for proteinuria, and pitting edema. He had noticed Raynaud's phenomenon at about age fifteen. One month prior to admission, his urine contained protein and the serum creatinine was 3.0 mg/dl. On admission, sclerodactylia, digital pitting scar of fingertips, digital bone absorption and pulmonary fibrosis were observed and a diagnosis of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) was made. Laboratory investigations revealed: 24-hour urine protein excretion 3 g; serum creatinine 5.6 mg/dl; creatinine clearance 13.5 ml/min; antinuclear factor strongly positive in a speckled pattern; antibodies to nRNP positive with a titer of 1: 20, 480; antibodies to DNA, Sm, SS-A, SS-B, Scl-70, centromere and Jo-1 negative; serum complement normal. A renal biopsy revealed focal and segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis with 70% crescents but no vascular changes. Circulating antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies were negative. Immunofluorescence disclosed granular deposits of IgM and C3 in the mesangium and along the capillary walls. Treatment was begun with methylprednisolone pulse therapy. After 5 month, serum creatine and creatinine clearance were 1.9 mg/dl and 35 ml/min, respectively. A year after the discharge, he was readmitted for hemoptysis and worsening of proteinuria and microhematuria. A chest radiograph demonstrated bilateral alveolar consolidation. Serum creatinine was elevated to 3.5 mg/dl. The continuous hemoptysis resulted in a severe dyspnea associated with a rapid fall in the hemoglobin. On the fourth hospital day, the PaO2 was 41 Torr on oxygen by mask that necessitated mechanical ventilation and pulse therapy was started. However, the patient died on the ninth hospital day of respiratory failure due to pulmonary hemorrhage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of progressive systemic sclerosis complicated by crescentic glomerulonephritis and diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage]. 147 23

Physicians analyzed December 1982-November 1989 data on 48 2-60 month old children with empyema thoracis at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital in southeastern Nigeria to determine the incidence and etiology of empyema thoracis in this region. The incidence rate stood at 2/1000 pediatric admissions. 3 children died (6.3%), all of heart failure. 47 children suffered from fever, cough, and breathlessness, the symptoms for pneumonia. Even though bronchopneumonia is a common complication of measles which occurs frequently in Calabar, only 3 children (6.25%) also had measles. The most frequent complication of this accumulation of pus in the thoracic cavity was congestive heart failure (16 cases). 47 patients suffered from anemia (hemoglobin levels 11 gm/dl). Hemoglobin levels of 54% of all patients decreased over time to 8 gm/dl. In fact, 2 children had hemoglobin levels of 4.4 gm/dl and they experienced cardiac failure. Laboratory personnel were only able to examine pleural aspirates from 37 patients. They did not detect any organisms in 27% of these aspirates. This may have been due to parent's widespread practice of giving medication to all the children before coming to the hospital. 45.9% of the aspirates only grew Staphylococcus aureus while another 8.1% grew it and other pathogens. About 90% of the pathogens were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin and almost 90% were sensitive to cloxacillin, gentamicin, and erythromycin. Cloxacillin was very expensive and parenteral erythromycin was unavailable. Nevertheless the pediatricians used parenteral gentamicin and cloxacillin. The parents were responsible for buying the antibiotics which tended to be costly. All the patients required emergency closed tube thoracostomy drainage within 24 hours of admission. 83.3% remained in the hospital for 2 weeks and 33.3% for 1 month. Despite the rarity of empyema, long hospitalization and expensive drugs make it an important disease in Calabar.
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PMID:Clinical and bacteriological study on childhood empyema in south eastern Nigeria. 150 92

One hundred twenty-five cases of amebic liver abscess were diagnosed at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan from January 1981 to December 1989. An analysis of possible prognostic factors for severe amebic liver abscess was done retrospectively. The majority of the patients came from the southern part of Taiwan. Severe amebic liver abscess was defined as the rupture of an abscess that was resistant to 72 hr of medical treatment, or complicated by secondary bacterial infection. The results showed significant differences between patients with severe liver abscess and those with more moderate forms of amebic liver abscess in indices such as jaundice, hemoglobin and serum bilirubin levels, and dyspnea, as well as in pulmonary changes (right diaphragm elevation, right pleural effusion) seen on chest radiographs. Those patients with diabetes mellitus also had greater evidence of severe liver abscess. Moderate cases that were treated with amebicides showed excellent responses (no mortality). Severe cases required, in addition to amebicide therapy, either percutaneous or surgical drainage of pus, especially in those patients with ruptured abscesses. Those patients with abscesses that ruptured into the thoracic cavity were treated by either thoracostomy or needle aspiration, and all were cured. Three patients died of abscess rupture into the abdominal cavity, associated with secondary bacterial infection. The overall mortality rate was 2.4%. These symptoms and signs of severe liver abscess are indicators of the need for intensive treatment such as aspiration or surgical drainage.
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PMID:The prognostic factors of severe amebic liver abscess: a retrospective study of 125 cases. 157 85

Health status of 7 men was examined in order to study the effect of duty work cycle of 3-d stay at the altitude of 2,000 m and one-day holiday at 600 m for a period of 6 months from May to October. Their usual works were desk work and road patrol. Total hemoglobin concentration in blood increased significantly after work at high altitude, which was considered to be a compensatory response to the hypoxic state. Subjective symptoms were obtained by a self-administered questionnaire before (April), during (June and October) and after (November) work at high altitude. Fatigue was observed in three out of the seven subjects in June, which subsequently disappeared in October. Dyspnea was observed also in June in three of the subjects, which disappeared in two, persisted in one, and newly appeared in another subject in November. In contrast, a tendency of favorable effects of the work environment on nausea and lumbago was observed. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured for 24 h. The mean systolic blood pressure during 24 h decreased in two of five subjects in October and November, and the mean values during the working hours decreased in two in October from 145 to 131 mmHg and from 147 to 129 mmHg, respectively. The blood pressure measured at health examination correlated well with the mean blood pressure during 24 h and working hours. The mean pulse rate during 24 h and working hours increased in one in June, October and November. These results indicate that adaptive responses to low barometric pressure environment developed during a work period of 5 months at high altitude.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effect of seasonal and intermittent work at high altitude on health status]. 161 5

Nitrates are frequently found in vegetables and ground water. Nitrate levels in ground water have increased over the past two decades because of the heightened use of nitrogenous fertilizers. Following ingestion, nitrates are converted to nitrites by fecal organisms. Nitrites are absorbed and form methemoglobin, which interferes with the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin. Infants are particularly susceptible to nitrate poisoning because fetal hemoglobin is more readily oxidized to methemoglobin. In infants, the most common source of nitrate exposure is well water, which is mixed with infant formula. Affected infants may present with asymptomatic cyanosis, which can progress to dyspnea and lethargy or coma. Blood methemoglobin concentrations are elevated. Treatment consists of the administration of oxygen and intravenous and oral methylene blue.
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PMID:Methemoglobinemia: nitrate toxicity in rural America. 162 30


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