Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The long-term clinical course of patients with primary Type II essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia is unclear as many reports fail to separate this group from patients with Type III disease. We have reviewed 13 patients with Type II essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia who presented to the Hammersmith Hospital between 1976 and 1990. All patients had a cryoglobulin level greater than 0.1 mg/ml (range 0.27-6.50 mg/ml), and characterization of the cryoglobulin in all cases revealed the presence of a monoclonal IgM kappa component with rheumatoid factor activity together with polyclonal IgG. All patients had evidence of activation of the classical pathway of complement with greatly reduced levels of C4, while C3 levels were moderately reduced in three patients. All patients had skin disease and joint symptoms were reported by nine patients, with erosive arthritis in one. Eight patients had peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Renal disease was observed in 10 patients, manifesting as raised creatinine level, proteinuria or haematuria. Renal tissue was examined in eight patients: in six the appearances were those of a mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis Type I while in the other two patients there was a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, in one diffuse and in the other focal and segmental. Glomerular capillary 'hyaline thrombi' were found in six biopsies, extracapillary proliferation was found in three and evidence of vasculitis was found in all eight. Liver biopsy showed macronodular cirrhosis in one patient, while a second with recurrent episodes of jaundice showed only chronic inflammatory changes. No patient was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen; however one patient had low titre anti-hepatitis B surface antibody. Normochromic normocytic anaemia was present in nine patients. Bone marrow examination was carried out in 13 patients at presentation to our unit: 10 showed no evidence of a lymphoproliferative disorder, while three suggested the presence of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (some years after original presentation in all three). Unusual clinical features included one patient with retinal vasculitis and one patient with severe pulmonary haemorrhage.
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PMID:Type II essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia: presentation, treatment and outcome in 13 patients. 162 Aug 12

Two murine monoclonal antibodies have been produced which identify a novel surface antigen expressed on human leucocytes in a non-lineage-restricted distribution. Antibodies WM-63 and WM-68 were derived after immunization of mice with human T-CLL cells and the leukaemic cell line HSB-2. Both antibodies were shown to react with over 90 per cent of normal T and B lymphocytes from peripheral blood and tonsil, and also with monocytes from peripheral blood. A subset of bone marrow leucocytes, including granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, were also reactive. No activity with non-haemopoietic cells or tissues could be identified, however WM-63 and WM-68 showed binding to virtually all cases of chronic B cell malignancy, including chronic lymphatic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as a proportion of cases of acute leukaemia. Although the antigen recognized by these antibodies could not be immunoprecipitated from membrane extracts, it was removed from the surface of intact cells using the proteolytic enzymes protease and papain. Re-expression on cultured cells was inhibited by incubation with puromycin, cycloheximide, and tunicamycin, indicating that the epitopes detected by WM-63 and WM-68 are likely to be carbohydrate moieties on a protein backbone. Removal of the antigen from the cell surface by treatment with the enzyme phosphatidyl-inositol phospholipase C indicates that it is linked by a phosphatidyl-inositol bond. WM-63 and WM-68 were both recently clustered at the Fourth International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens into CD-48, together with four other monoclonal antibodies. Although no biological function has been ascribed to the molecule detected by these antibodies, its restriction to the haemopoietic lineage suggests a role in regulation of leucocyte function.
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PMID:A novel non-lineage antigen on human leucocytes: characterization with two CD-48 monoclonal antibodies. 208 34

Although childhood T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL) have certain clinical features in common, T-ALL carries a notably poorer prognosis than does T-NHL. To determine whether the malignant cells from patients with these disorders are distinguishable, we examined bone marrow and/or blood from 51 children with T-ALL and tumor biopsy specimens from 17 with T-NHL, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against T-cell differentiation antigens. We found considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in both T-ALL and T-NHL. Of the T-ALL (defined by greater than 25% blasts in the bone marrow) patients, 33% demonstrated a surface antigen pattern consistent with the earliest thymocyte stage of T-cell development (T9+ and/or T10+, or T6-/T4-/T8-/T3-), 37% were of a midthymocyte stage (T6+, and/or simultaneous expression of T4-helper and T8-suppressor antigens), and 30% expressed surface antigen patterns found on mature thymocytes (T3+, variable expression of other antigens). In contrast, tumor cell phenotypes in the 17 T-NHL patients were approximately equally distributed between mid- and mature thymocyte phenotypes. No NHL samples were classified as the early thymocyte phenotype. Clinical features as related to specific T-ALL immunophenotypes are presented, and the implications of these findings in regard to the current understanding of the differences in tumor biology between T-ALL and T-NHL are discussed.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody characterization of surface antigens in childhood T-cell lymphoid malignancies. 633 74

Kaposi's sarcoma developed in two lymphoma patients previously treated by chemotherapy and chemoirradiation. The histologic picture in the two cases showed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with multifocal epithelioid histiocytic reaction. Both patients had Hepatitis-B surface antigen and other infections due to herpes and streptococcus. The European Jewish origin of the two patients, the previous chemotherapy, and their infective state tend to support more the hypothesis of predisposing factors in the occurrence of Kaposi's sarcoma than a coincidental association.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma in two lymphoma patients with hepatitis B and other infections. 674 10

Local tumor growth has been reported after subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection of Hodgkin's disease (HD) derived cell lines into different immunodeficient mouse strains. An animal model with disseminated growth of tumor cells would be useful for studying the in vivo biology of HD cells as well as for preclinical testing of new therapeutic regimens. For this purpose the HD-derived cell lines L540, L540cy, L428, and KM-H2 were injected intravenously into SCID mice. In contrast to L428 and KM-H2, widespread neoplasia occurred after a period of four to six weeks following injection of L540 and the subline L540cy. Lymph nodes were found to be the preferred site of tumor growth. CD30 surface antigen expression on Hodgkin cells and the karyotype of the tumor cells were preserved in the animal host. Thus, to a large extent, the SCID mouse model mimics the dissemination pattern of Hodgkin's disease in man. To evaluate the role of adhesion molecule expression in the dissemination of HD-derived cell lines, CD44 and members of the immunoglobulin, integrin, selectin, and Fc receptor families were quantified by flow cytometry. CD30 expression was also measured. Although CD44 expression has been correlated with dissemination in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), this was not the case in the Hodgkin's SCID mouse model. CD44 was not expressed on the disseminating cell lines L540 and L540cy but was expressed in the nondisseminating lines L428 and KM-H2.
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PMID:Disseminated growth of Hodgkin's-derived cell lines L540 and L540cy in immune-deficient SCID mice. 751 37

We evaluated early and late hematopoietic reconstitution in 27 patients with advanced lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and breast or ovarian cancer after treatment using high-dose/myeloablative conditioning regimens and autologous peripheral blood stem cell PBSC) transplantation. Eighteen patients (67%) received G-CSF 5 micrograms/kg/day following chemotherapy and nine (33%) were mobilized using G-CSF alone. Each patient had 7 x 10(8) mononuclear cells (MNC) per kg collected. G-CSF was administered post-PBSC infusion. While all patients showed prompt granulocyte recovery by day 14, platelet recovery failed to occur in our (15%) heavily pretreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Retrospective analysis in 17 patients revealed that the infused number of CD34 surface antigen-positive cells correlated with time to granulocyte (r = 0.59, P = 0.012) and platelet (r = 0.58, P = 0.021) recovery. Patients receiving the higher numbers of CD34+ cells had consistently better hematologic parameters at 11 times examined. At 180 days post-transplant, the median Hb level was 124 g/l vs 88 g/l (P = 0.004); platelet count was 202 x 10(9)/l vs 25 x 10(9)/l (P = 0.004); and neutrophil count was 3100 x 10(6)/l vs 1400 x 10(6)/l (P = 0.15). Hemoglobin strongly correlated with the CD34+ cell dose at 360 days (r = 0.90, P = 0.01). We conclude that graft CD34+ cell content appears to be an indicator of the quality of late as well as early hematopoietic function.
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PMID:Relationship of CD34+ cell dose to early and late hematopoiesis following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. 905 Dec 38

An association between chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been reported. We carried out this study to evaluate the possibility of an association between HCV infection and other extrahepatic malignancies. The medical records of 103 unselected, consecutively chosen, anti HCV-positive and 105 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients attending the liver clinic or hospitalized in the Department of Medicine were reviewed. Patients in whom anti-HCV positivity was detected after the malignancy was diagnosed were excluded. Malignancy rates in the general Israeli population were obtained from the Israeli cancer registry. The ages of anti-HCV-positive and HBsAg-positive patients were 54 +/- 16 (+/-SD) (range, 15-84) and 45 +/- 12 (range, 20-78) years, respectively; the male/female ratios were 50/53 and 73/32, respectively. Extrahepatic malignancies were found in 15 (14.6%) of the anti-HCV and in three (2.9%) of the HBsAg-positive patients. Thirteen of the malignancies were found among the 60 anti-HCV-positive patients aged > or =55 years old. Only one malignancy was found among the 28 HBsAg-positive patients of the same age group (p < 0.01). The rate of extrahepatic malignancies in these HCV-infected patients was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than expected in the general population. An association between HCV infection and extrahepatic malignancy may exist, but further prospective studies, including a large number of patients with HCV infection, will be necessary to define this observation.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection and extrahepatic malignancies. 907 23

This study examines the identification of unusual cell populations highly associated with lymphoma cells (UCP-L) in diagnostic biopsy specimens using three-color flow cytometry (3-FCM). Patterns of surface antigen expression were used to compare the morphology of distinct lymphoid cell populations present in biopsy specimens and determine the presence or absence of UCP-L. UCP-L were identified by their larger size as compared to admixed reactive lymphocytes, and the method is based on the concept that neoplastic lymphoma cells are larger than reactive lymphocytes. The comparison of relative cell sizes was determined by overlaying forward scatter histograms by multicolor gating using PAINT-A-GATE software. In order for separate gates to be set on UCP-L and reactive cell populations, UCP-L had to fulfill one or more immunophenotypic criteria. These included: (1) belonging to a subset of B cell antigen-positive cells showing restricted expression of kappa or lambda light chains; (2) belonging to a subset of CD4-positive cells having dim or absent expression of CD45RA; (3) showing alterations in antigen expression (loss, dimmer or brighter); or (4) expressing an immunophenotype that is present on only rare cell populations or is absent from reactive lymph nodes. The immunophenotypic profiles of the respective cell populations were demonstrated by cubic representations to assess more easily the co-expression of three antigens. The common morphology of UCP-L as defined by forward and side scatter grams was consistent with a 'lymphoid appearance' except in several cases of HTLV-I-positive T cell lymphoma and gammadelta T cell lymphoma. The immunophenotypic profiles of UCP-L were confirmed to correspond to the presumptive lymphoma cell population by use of a live gating procedure on the large cells, which eliminated interference by reactive cells or necrotic tissue fragments. Using this method, we identified UCP-L in 208 of 293 (71%) consecutive cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, while no UCP-L were seen in 72 cases of non-specific hyperplasia of lymph nodes. Twenty-seven cases could not properly be examined about the existence of UCP-L because of massive necrosis, extensive fibrosis or strong non-specific staining reactions of unknown cause. When those cases were eliminated from the analysis, 80% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were found to contain UCP-L. In B cell lymphoma, the incidence of UCP-L in nodal lymphomas (80%) was much higher than in extranodal lymphomas (47%). Only one of 21 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma was found to have UCP-L. The 3-FCM procedure was validated by the combined use of immunohistochemistry, morphologic examination, cytogenetic and antigen receptor gene rearrangement analysis by Southern blot hybridization. Our findings indicate that detection of UCP-L by 3-FCM is a reliable method to distinguish non-Hodgkin lymphomas from reactive hyperplasias in the majority of cases, even when the reactive cell population predominates over the malignant cell population.
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PMID:Three-color flow cytometry in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma based on the comparative cell morphology of lymphoma cells and reactive lymphocytes. 936 23

We determined the hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies (anti-HCV) and the hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) in a cohort of 68 consecutive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients diagnosed and treated in our institution between December 1997 and March 1999. 27 cases were diagnosed as low-grade, 33 as intermediate-grade, and eight as high-grade NHL. In 35 cases (51.4%) we found evidence of either HCV or HBV infection. Anti-HCV antibodies were found in 20 patients (29.5%) and HBsAg was found in 21 patients (30.8%). In six patients both anti-HCV and HBsAg were present. Anti-HCV were present in 12/27 low-grade NHL cases (44.4%) and in 8/41 intermediate/high-grade (aggressive) NHL cases (19.5%, P < 0.03). HBsAg was found in 10/27 low-grade NHL cases (37%) and in 11/41 aggressive NHL cases (26.8%). Evidence of liver disease, as reflected by elevated aminotransferases or typical alterations at liver biopsy, was present in eight patients. Cryoglobulins were present in six patients, all anti-HCV positive and with low-grade NHL. The prevalence of both HCV antibodies and HBsAg was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in our NHL cases than in a sample of the general Romanian population, where the prevalence of anti-HCV was 4.9% and that of HBsAg was 6.3%. It is difficult to say whether either HCV or HBV had actually been involved in lymphomagenesis or if alpha-interferon treatment would be effective in this subset of patients.
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PMID:Hepatitis B and C virus infection in Romanian non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. 1102 95

The increasing incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), coupled with the lack of optimal treatment options, has prompted the development of novel treatments. Of these, radioimmunotherapy is one of the most promising. Two of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody therapies being studied in the treatment of NHL are yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan and iodine 131 (131I) tositumomab. The radionuclides 90Y and 131I emit beta radiation; 131I also emits gamma radiation, thus requiring more elaborate precautionary measures to limit radiation exposure. The monoclonal antibody portions of the drugs target the CD20 surface antigen that is present on the majority of B-cell lymphomas, resulting in direct radiation to the targeted cells, as well as indirect targeting of adjacent cells (known as the crossfire effect). Clinical trials of 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan in patients with NHL have produced promising results. The safe and effective use of radioimmunotherapy requires a multidisciplinary team approach in which nurses play a central role.
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PMID:Radioimmunotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan. 1199 7


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