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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Benzene is an established cause of leukemia in adults, especially acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). A few studies have indicated that exposure to gasoline is a cause of childhood leukemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate if environmental exposure to benzene from gasoline and car exhaust was associated with leukemia in children and young adults. The exposure to gasoline and car exhaust was estimated by the number of cars per area. In this ecology study, data on the incidence of cancer in each municipality of Sweden during an 11-year period (1975-1985) were compared with the number of cars per area. Data on the incidence of cancer for persons aged 0-24 years at diagnosis were collected from the National Swedish Cancer Register. The following diagnoses were studied: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found an association between AML and car density. In municipalities with more than 20 cars/km2 the incidence of AML was 5.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4-6.8, n = 89] as compared with 3.4 (95% CI 1.9-5.7, n = 15) cases per 1 million person-years in municipalities with less than 5 cars/km2 (P = 0.05). No association was found for the other sites of cancer studied. The association between AML in young adults and car density might be attributable to exposure to benzene from gasoline vapors and exhaust gases, but further investigations are necessary before any definite conclusion can be drawn.
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PMID:Environmental exposure to gasoline and leukemia in children and young adults--an ecology study. 925 8

Incidence rates for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been rising throughout the world for several decades, and no convincing explanation exists for the majority of this increase. The commonest subtypes of NHL have no well-defined aetiological factors but lymphoma development has been linked with exposure to a variety of chemicals, including nitrates, pesticides, herbicides, and solvents. Benzene, a solvent and important constituent of petrochemical products, is a potent lymphomagen in experimental animals and high-dose exposure in humans is associated with both acute myeloid leukaemia and NHL. Much current interest centres on the possibility that environmental benzene exposure in the general public may underlie a proportion of the increase in NHL. Seventy per cent of benzene exposure in the environment is derived from vehicle exhaust emissions, whose increase has closely paralleled the rise in frequency of the disease. Mathematical modelling has been used to calculate an acceptable concentration of benzene in air based on risk estimates derived from industrial exposure, but the recommended target concentration in the U.K. of 1 ppb is regularly exceeded in urban locations. Detailed investigation of the health effects of low-level benzene exposure awaits an accurate assay for quantifying long-term human exposure. The (32)P post-labelling technique for the detection of toxin-specific DNA adducts is extremely sensitive and has been applied in the biomonitoring of exposure to a number of carcinogens, but benzene-DNA adducts have to date proved elusive of detection.
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PMID:Benzene and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1062 42

A case-control study nested in the Health Watch cohort of petroleum industry workers, investigated whether the excess of lymphohematopoetic cancers, identified among male members of the Health Watch cohort, was associated with benzene exposure. Cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 31), multiple myeloma (n = 15), and leukemia (n = 33) were identified between 1981 and 1999. Cases were age-matched to five controls. Exposure was retrospectively estimated for each occupational history using an algorithm in a relational database. Benzene exposure measurements, supplied by Australian petroleum companies, were used to estimate exposure for specific tasks. The tasks carried out within the job, the products handled, and the technology used, were identified from interviews with contemporary colleagues. More than half of the subjects started work after 1965 and had an average exposure period of 20 years. Exposure was low, 85% of the cumulative exposure estimates were <10 ppm years. Matched analyses showed that non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma were not associated with benzene exposure. Leukemia risk, however, was significantly increased for the subjects with greater than 16 ppm years cumulative exposure, odds ratio (OR) 51.9 (5.6-477) or with greater than 0.8 ppm intensity of highest exposed job. Cumulative exposures were similar to those found in comparable studies. The inclusion of occasional high exposures, for example, as a result of spillages, reduced the ORs, when the exposure was treated as either a continuous or a categorical variable. Our data demonstrate a strong association between leukemia and modest benzene exposure. The choice of cut-point and reference group has a marked effect on the ORs, but does not change the overall conclusions.
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PMID:The health watch case-control study of leukemia and benzene: the story so far. 1711 94

Benzene-caused hematologic neoplasms may be recognized as an occupational disease (OD) according to the German ordinance on ODs. At present, the OD No. 1303 covers heterogeneous diseases and various chemical agents triggering these diseases. The members of the medical advisory board specializing in ODs within the Ministry of Employment and Social Affairs recently proposed excluding "diseases of the blood, the hematopoietic and lymphatic system caused by benzene" from OD No. 1303 and classifying them as a separate OD. Benzene is generally acknowledged as a cause of acute myeloid leukemia, proven by numerous epidemiologic studies. However, there is less epidemiologic evidence of its association with other hematologic neoplasms, notably non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). To clarify this issue, the experts evaluated international literature and concluded that all kinds of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies including their prestages can be caused by occupational benzene exposure. Hence, physicians should ask patients about occupational benzene exposure and report any kind of diagnosed hematologic neoplasms, including their prestages, as suspected OD. The advisory board considered that a dose range starting from 10 ppm-years (cumulative benzene exposure) is sufficient for a > 50% probability of causing leukemias according to the WHO classification, including chronic lymphatic leukemia, and the potential preleukemias aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, but excluding chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). For NHL and myeloproliferative diseases (including CML) the present epidemiologic evidence is considered not to be sufficient to describe a precise dose-effect relationship.
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PMID:[Paradigm change in the assessment of myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with occupational benzene exposure]. 1933 9