Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Involvement of the larynx by hemopoietic tumors is generally considered a rare event and little is known about the associated clinicopathologic features. Laryngeal tissue removed at autopsy from 14 patients with known disseminated hematologic malignancies and at operation from one patient with multicentric malignant lymphoma of low-grade malignancy (MALToma) of the head and neck region was investigated. A systematic survey of the main clinicopathologic features of the published cases of hemopoietic tumors with laryngeal involvement was also performed. Primary involvement of the larynx by hemopoietic neoplasms must be clearly distinguished from secondary involvement by disseminated or leukemic tumors. Most of the primary tumors are localized lesions that may involve the regional lymph nodes (stages IE or IIE). Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice, and the prognosis is generally favorable. However, secondary involvement by disseminated or leukemic disease carries a very poor prognosis in most cases. Extramedullary plasmacytoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), particularly B-cell lymphoma of high-grade malignancy, appear to be the most common hemopoietic tumors with primary laryngeal involvement, while primary tumors of myelogenous origin (granulocytic sarcoma and mast cell sarcoma) are extremely rare. Extramedullary plasmacytoma and NHL occur mainly in older persons and in men, are generally associated with a relatively short history of hoarseness and dysphagia, and exhibit preferential involvement of the supraglottic parts of the larynx, in particular the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds. They are generally polypoid, non-ulcerated lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Involvement of the larynx by hemopoietic neoplasms. An investigation of autopsy cases and review of the literature. 756 82

An 8-year-old boy presented with dysuria and acute retention of urine. Rectal examination showed a hard mass arising from the prostate. CT scan of the pelvis confirmed the presence of a large prostatic tumor causing bladder outflow obstruction. A provisional diagnosis of pelvic sarcoma was initially made. Biopsy of the tumor mass however, revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of T-cell type. The tumor showed very good response to chemotherapy and the urinary obstruction significantly improved with a week after starting therapy.
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PMID:Prostatic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma causing acute urinary retention in childhood. 767 1

The patterns of expression of 3 human DNA-repair genes (ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC6) were assessed in 52 bone-marrow specimens obtained from cancer patients prepared for autologous bone-marrow transplantation. Marrow was collected prior to the initiation of treatment in patients with sarcoma or testicular cancer; marrow was collected after initial cytoreductive therapy for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and other tumors. Slot-blot analysis of marrow RNA showed a bimodal pattern of ERCC1, ERCC2 and ERCC6 gene expression with relative expression values ranging more than 200-fold. This pattern was seen in all patient groups and appeared to be independent of whether or not patients had received prior chemotherapy. In all patient groups, when expression was low for ERCC1, expression was also low for ERCC2 and ERCC6, suggesting that expression of these genes may be coordinated within an individual although they are located on two different chromosomes. Southern blot analyses of Pst I digests of DNA from 6 bone-marrow samples indicate no differences in ERCC1 gene copy number between high expressors and low expressors. There is absence of restriction fragment length polymorphism for ERCC1 suggesting that the different levels of expression in high and low expressors were not due to major deletions or rearrangements of the ERCC1 gene. We conclude that expression of these ERCC genes may vary widely between individuals, and that within an individual, their expression may be linked and coordinated by a common regulatory mechanism.
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PMID:Expression of excision repair genes in non-malignant bone marrow from cancer patients. 767 43

Expression of KP1/CD68 macrophage-associated antigen in a series of 840 selected malignant neoplasms, including immunomorphologically characterized cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (434), Hodgkin's disease (HD) (115), soft tissue sarcoma (147), carcinoma (49), and other tumors (95), was examined. KP1 expression was detected in a significant number of NHLs (107 of 434; 24.7%), most of them (65 of 107; 60.7%) of the diffuse small cell subtype. Only 14 of the 155 large cell lymphomas, compared to 10 of the 51 Ki-1/CD30+ anaplastic large cell (ALC) lymphomas examined, were KP1 positive. Conversely, none of the T-lineage NHL--other than Ki-1/CD30+ ALC lymphomas--or the HD cases tested was labeled by KP1 antibody. Among the other neoplasms tested, KP1 was reactive with a variable proportion of cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (19 of 24; 79.2%), malignant schwannoma (8 of 22; 36.4%), liposarcoma (3 of 9; 33.3%), leiomyosarcoma (8 of 37; 21.6%), cutaneous or metastatic melanoma (51 of 73; 69.9%), and renal cell carcinoma (3 of 5; 60%). These results indicate that KP1 shows a relatively wide spectrum of immunoreactivity with malignant neoplasms of presumed non-histiocyte origin, thus arguing against its expected specificity and high value in diagnostic pathology. Although the significance of KP1 expression by some subsets of NHLs remains to be elucidated, its close association with B-cell NHLs, mostly of the diffuse small cell type, should stimulate further pathologic and clinical investigations.
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PMID:KP1/CD68 expression in malignant neoplasms including lymphomas, sarcomas, and carcinomas. 772 38

An analysis of seven hundred and ninety one children aged 0.2 to 14 years with confirmed malignant disease recorded by the Malawi National Cancer Registry over a period of 9 years is presented. Childhood cancer constituted 6.9% of all malignancies recorded during the study period. The top ten neoplasms in descending order of frequency were: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 434 (54.9%), retinoblastoma 89 (11.3%), nephroblastoma 50 (6.3%), epithelial carcinoma 45 (5.7%), Hodgkin's disease 38 (4.8%), soft tissue sarcoma (excluding Kaposi): 34(4.3%), Kaposi's sarcoma 32 (4.0%), malignant tumours (not specified): 20 (2.5%), acute leukaemias 18(2.3%) and osteogenic sarcoma 16 (2.0%). Some differences noted in the pattern of neoplasms in this study from those of developed and developing African countries are discussed. The findings highlight the most common childhood malignancies in Malawi where intense research should be directed so that meaningful and cost effective therapeutic intervention programmes can be planned and developed.
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PMID:Spectrum of childhood cancers in Malawi 1985-1993. 778 51

Numerous occupational studies of cancer risks related to agriculture, agricultural practices, and agricultural exposures have been conducted among male farmers and farmworkers. Relatively few studies of female farmers and farmworkers have been conducted. Excesses of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, soft tissue sarcoma, and cancers of the breast, ovary, lung, bladder, cervix, and sinonasal cavities have been observed in women in agriculture or with agricultural exposures. Agents that contribute to ill health in exposed men may also affect exposed women, sometimes in unexpected ways.
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PMID:Women at work: agriculture and pesticides. 786 Dec 69

Increased P-glycoprotein expression has been shown to be the molecular cause of multidrug resistance in tumor cell lines. Sensitive immunohistochemical and molecular biologic techniques have been developed to detect P-glycoprotein/mdr1 mRNA expression in clinical samples of tumors. We have reviewed the tools now available for assessment of P-glycoprotein expression in the clinic, the current evidence for a relevant role of the protein in mediation of resistance to chemotherapy, and one strategy used to overcome therapeutic failures due to multidrug resistance. It is now recognized that low levels of increased P-glycoprotein/mdr1 mRNA can occur at diagnosis and during the course of treatment in some cases of acute myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, breast carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma of children, neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma, and these relatively low levels of mdr1 overexpression appear to be associated with poor prognosis. In contrast, it has not been established whether a multidrug resistance mechanism is the rate-limiting factor in response to chemotherapy in carcinomas that arise from tissues normally expressing increased P-glycoprotein. Clinical trials have been initiated to determine whether pharmacologic chemosensitization improves the outcome of chemotherapy-treated malignancies. Preliminary results suggest that chemosensitizers can modulate the effects of increased P-glycoprotein in low-expressing tumors for which effective multiagent chemotherapy is available. Further research is needed for more potent chemosensitizers or combinations of agents that can be used more effectively. The successful circumvention of chemotherapy failure by chemosensitizers will ultimately establish the clinical relevance of the P-glycoprotein efflux mechanism.
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PMID:Multidrug resistance. Clinical opportunities in diagnosis and circumvention. 791 5

Lymphoreticular neoplasms of the larynx are rare and comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors. A systematic survey of the literature and autoptic evaluation of the larynx in a relatively small number of patients with systemic lymphoreticular malignancies yielded the following findings: Primary tumors of the larynx must be clearly distinguished from laryngeal involvement by systemic or leukemic infiltrations. By far the most common primary hemopoietic tumors of the larynx are extramedullary plasmacytoma (about 90 cases published) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; about 65 cases published). Primary Hodgkin's disease, granulocytic sarcoma and mast cell sarcoma are extremely rare at this site. Plasmacytoma and NHL both preferentially involve the supraglottis. The subglottis is infrequently affected. Laryngeal plasmacytoma and NHL usually present clinically as localized stage IE and IIE tumors that exhibit no significant tendency to recur or generalize. The therapy of choice is local irradiation while chemotherapy should be reserved for recurrent or progressive disease. Prognosis is favourable in most cases of primary laryngeal plasmacytoma and NHL. Secondary involvement of the larynx by systemic lesions or leukemic infiltrations is usually associated with a very poor prognosis. The prognosis of patients with laryngeal involvement in acute or chronic myeloid leukemia is always poor. Although the histopathological diagnoses given in many case reports are often difficult to compare because of differences in terminology, there seems to be a marked preponderance of B-cell tumors of high-grade malignancy (centroblastic or immunoblastic lymphoma in the Kiel classification of NHL) that probably represents lymphomas originating from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The larynx in lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative diseases. Part II: Laryngeal autopsy findings and discussion]. 792 29

Phase III randomized clinical trials have greatly contributed to our understanding of the pathobiology of neoplastic disease and, particularly, to therapeutic progress. However, randomized Phase III studies are no better than or are critically dependent on Phase I and Phase II studies for positive therapeutic leads that are compelling enough to test in the Phase III arena. The variables involved in the series of randomized trials that led to the curative treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia also resulted in an understanding of the principles of cancer therapy in therapeutic research. These principles, when applied to Hodgkin's disease in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, testis cancer, childhood solid tumors, and others, resulted in a substantial cure rate for those diseases. However, for the adult epithelial common solid tumors, a second strategy, adjuvant chemotherapy, was required This has resulted in a 20% reduction in mortality in patients with node positive and node negative breast cancer. Tamoxifen has been similarly effective in patients with postmenopausal breast cancer. In colon cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus levamisole has decreased mortality to a comparable degree. New agents, modulations, combination chemotherapy, and biotherapeutics are being addressed to the adjuvant situation which has proven effective in a variety of neoplastic diseases. A third strategy is neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This involves the use of chemotherapy first for patients with solid tumors, designed to down-stage the primary tumor thus making it more susceptible to less radical surgery and to organ- or limb-sparing procedures in osteogenetic sarcoma and in head and neck cancer. For example, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not resulted in an increased survival as compared with the appropriate control but has allowed for important quality-of-life contributions, such as limb-sparing and radical surgery-sparing procedures. In addition to new agents and combination chemotherapy, dose is a critical variable. This is most evident clinically in the transplantation arena. Comparative studies recently completed, for example, in patients with adjuvant breast cancer and with acute leukemia indicate that dose is a significant factor in tumor control.
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PMID:Randomized clinical trials and other approaches in clinical research. 795 73

Lymphoreticular neoplasms of the larynx are rare and comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors. A systematic survey of the literature and autoptic evaluation of the larynx in a relatively small number of patients with systemic lymphoreticular malignancies yielded the following findings: Primary tumors of the larynx must be clearly distinguished from laryngeal involvement by systemic or leukemic infiltrations. By far the most common primary hemopoietic tumors of the larynx are extramedullary plasmacytoma (about 90 cases published) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; about 65 cases published). Primary Hodgkin's disease, granulocytic sarcoma and mast cell sarcoma are extremely rare at this site. Plasmacytoma and NHL both preferentially involve the supraglottis. The subglottis is infrequently affected. Laryngeal plasmacytoma and NHL usually present clinically as localized stage IE and IIE tumors that exhibit no significant tendency to recur or generalize. The therapy of choice is local irradiation while chemotherapy should be reserved for recurrent or progressive disease. Prognosis is favorable in most cases of primary laryngeal plasmacytoma and NHL. Secondary involvement of the larynx by systemic lesions or leukemic infiltrations is usually associated with a very poor prognosis. The prognosis of patients with laryngeal involvement in acute or chronic myeloid leukemia is always poor. Although the histopathological diagnoses given in many case reports are often difficult to compare because of differences in terminology, there seems to be a marked preponderance of B-cell tumors of high-grade malignancy (centroblastic or immunoblastic lymphoma in the Kiel classification of NHL) that probably represents lymphomas originating from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The larynx in lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative diseases. I: An overview with special reference to primary laryngeal malignant lymphomas and plasmacytomas]. 807 Oct 93


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