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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of cell kinetic studies in acute childhood leukemia with a comparison of leukemic transformation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is presented in this paper. Leukemic cell populations have a longer cell cycle than their normal cell counterparts. The cell populations are comprised of proliferating and resting fractions and are capable of self-maintaining growth. Growth regulation is determined primarily by the size of the proliferating cell population or growth fraction. The growth fraction can vary as to site of disease, the clinical phase, following chemotherapeutic perturbation, and most importantly is related to the specific tumor cell type. Within a specific type of leukemia there is considerable variability of proliferative activity at time of diagnosis, but this variability bears no relationship to the subsequent clinical course. Those leukemias, such as the E rosette-positive form of lymphocytic leukemia characterized by rapid tumor growth and large tumor bulk, are also associated with tumor cell populations having larger growth fractions than standard lymphocytic leukemia. There is evidence for growth regulation of leukemic cell populations on systemic, regional, and, perhaps most importantly of all, intrinsic cell levels. It is this area of growth regulation for these tumor cell populations which currently needs the greatest research attention.
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PMID:Kinetic studies of cells in childhood leukemias. 49 73

A 56-year-old man with refractory B-cell lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was treated in a Phase II study with interleukin-2 (IL-2) (Roussel-Uclaf, Romainville, France). The patient had involvement of multiple lymph nodes and medullary and peripheral blood (3.6 x 10(9) monoclonal CD19-positive [CD19+] B-lymphocytes/l). After a 5-day cycle of IL-2 treatment, an eightfold increase of the monoclonal CD19+ population was observed (27 x 10(9) monoclonal CD19+ cells). The lymphocytosis decreased dramatically during the second cycle (days 15 to 19) of IL-2 treatment, resulting in 6 x 10(9)/l peripheral lymphocytes, with 5.5 x 10(9) B-lymphocytes. As soon as day 20, peripheral B-cells again increased considerably, with 32 x 10(9) CD19+ cells/l at day 27. The CD19+ population remained monoclonal as assessed by kappa/lambda cell-surface phenotyping and kappa gene rearrangement evaluation. Kinetics of the monoclonal B-lymphocyte response to IL-2 paralleled the natural killer/lymphokine-activated killer and T-cell response, with a 4-day latency period, suggesting an indirect enhancing effect of IL-2. Before and during IL-2 treatment, peripheral B-lymphocytes never expressed detectable levels of the p55 IL-2 receptor. However, the p75 IL-2 receptor was expressed significantly in the IL-2-responsive monoclonal B-cell population. Tumor necrosis factor alpha, a known (in vitro) B-cell tumor growth factor, reached high serum levels during IL-2 treatment. Response evaluation at day 45 showed stability of the lymph node involvement and the marrow lymphocyte infiltrate. At day 45, peripheral B-cell lymphocytosis was 7.5 x 10(9)/l. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first report of an in vivo IL-2-induced reversible increase of peripheral monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis.
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PMID:Interleukin-2-induced increase of a monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. A novel in vivo interleukin-2 effect? 156 83

Three hundred seven cases (244 gastric, 63 intestinal) of primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in stages EI and EII, according to a modified Ann Arbor system, were examined retrospectively. The histological classification for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-derived lymphomas was applied. Gastric NHLs (male-female ratio, 0.97; mean age, 64.5 years) were stage EI in 51% and stage EII in 49% of cases. Histological grade of malignancy was low in 41% and high in 59% of cases; all NHLs were B-cell type. Tumors were radically resected in 87%, and overall 2-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 61%, 55%, and 46%, respectively. Early lymphomas (substage EI1) had best prognosis (5- and 10-year survival rates, 90% and 70%, respectively). Intestinal NHLs (male-female ratio, 1.1; mean age, 54.4 years) were stage EI in 30% and stage EII in 70% of cases. Histology was low grade in 21% and high grade in 79%, and all but 11 cases were B-cell type. In 58% of cases, radical tumor resection resulted in overall 2- and 5-year survival rates of 44% and 24%, respectively. Major prognosticators for survival in gastric location were low-grade histology, low depth of infiltration, and low stage and radical resectability of lymphoma; all factors were strictly intercorrelated. In intestinal site, radical tumor resectability was highly significant for survival. Cumulative proportion of relapses after 5 years was higher in intestinal than in gastric sites (44% vs. 22%). In conclusion, primary gastrointestinal tract NHLs may represent an entity with respect to characteristic histological features, focal tumor growth, and potential cure by radical resection. Because of late relapses, clinical follow-up is needed.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal malignant lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: factors relevant to prognosis. 156 73

We report the results of intensive therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in 23 patients with malignant lymphoma (eight Hodgkin's disease and 15 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) who failed primary therapy. All patients had evidence of disease prior to transplant therapy: 10 had never achieved a complete remission and 13 were in relapse. The preparative regimen included involved field radiation followed by fractionated total body irradiation and high dose cyclophosphamide. A complete remission was achieved in 15 patients, 11 of whom continue in unmaintained complete remission from 27 to 72 months after BMT (median follow-up of 52 months). Of the remaining patients, five did not achieve a complete remission and three died of early toxicity. The event-free survival of the entire group is 47%. Disease status at the time of BMT was significantly correlated with patient outcome. The event-free survival of 13 patients in whom there was no objective evidence of tumor growth on conventional dose therapy was 77% compared with only 10% in patients with tumors progressing on conventional dose therapy (p less than 0.002). All six patients transplanted in untreated relapse continue in unmaintained remission, suggesting that debulking chemotherapy may not be necessary before BMT. Alternative approaches are needed in patients whose tumors progress on conventional dose therapy.
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PMID:Involved field radiation, fractionated total body irradiation, high dose cyclophosphamide, and autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of malignant lymphomas. 191 54

Cyclosporine is not cytotoxic but it inhibits the production of immunologic memory-building growth factors by CD4+ T lymphocytes. It also may have inhibitory effects on the effector phase of certain immune reactions. These inhibitory effects are largely reversible and when treatment is stopped, the immune competence of cyclosporine-treated patients returns to normal. In contrast, conventional cytotoxic immunosuppressive agents tend to exterminate the lymphocyte clones that are activated during therapy, and such clonal deletions may cause permanent loss of immunologic memory to those antigens because T lymphocytes are not readily restored in adults with involuted thymus. Most transplant patients have received cyclosporine in combination with various other immunosuppressive agents, and reports suggest that a combination of this drug and conventional immunosuppressive agents may be associated with increased early appearance of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and, possibly, endocrine-related tumors. An increase in cancers has not been observed in patients treated with cyclosporine alone for such conditions as psoriasis and autoimmune diseases. Treatment of adults with cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs may permanently delete T-lymphocyte clones that are required for control of latent oncogenic viruses or certain malignant cells. Because of this, when such patients are treated with cyclosporine, further suppression of T-cell function combined with impairment of cytokine-mediated stimulation of natural killer cells and cytotoxic macrophages may facilitate tumor growth. Consequently, it is predicted that if cyclosporine monotherapy is associated with an increased incidence of tumors, it would primarily affect psoriasis patients who are treated with cyclosporine after PUVA or methotrexate therapy. Eventually, comparison of cancer incidence in different categories of patients should resolve this issue.
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PMID:Immunity during cyclosporine therapy. 227 38

Ninety-seven Japanese patients with so-called primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS-NHL), unrelated to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or organ transplantation, were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 87 years (median: 58 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.77:1. The most frequent past histories were acute appendicitis (appendectomy), head injury, uveitis or iritis, and gastritis or gastric ulcer. These patients presented with symptoms suggesting an expanding intracranial lesion with no signs of extracranial lymphomatous disease. Combined computed tomographic scans, angiography, and findings at surgery or autopsy showed that the cerebrum was the commonest site of involvement, 87% of all cases, with the frontal to temporal region being the most commonly involved. Histologically, the diffuse large-cell type was most frequent and 26% of lymphomas were of high-grade malignancy as defined by the Working Formulation. The reported frequency of high-grade CNS-NHLs in AIDS patients in the United States is much higher (over 60%). Immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections revealed a B-cell nature of the present series of tumors. In 16% of the cases, large numbers of small lymphoid cells with a positive reaction predominantly for anti-T lymphocyte antibodies surrounded the tumors or aggregated around the capillaries. The tumors which were infiltrated by small lymphoid cells showed more favorable prognosis than those which were not, suggesting a host reaction to tumor growth in these patients.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system in Japan: histologic and immunohistologic studies. 232 40

The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 identifies an antigen present during the late G1, S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle, whereas resting cells do not express this antigen. Immunostaining with Ki-67 provides a simple method with which to determine the growth fraction of a malignant cell population without requiring a laborious procedure or use of radioactive materials. Thus far, detection of Ki-67-positive cells by flow cytometry was limited because of nuclear location of the antigen. In this study, periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixation of cells in suspension, labeling with Ki-67, and the subsequent flow cytometric analysis of the tumor growth fraction is described. Fixation with PLP at -10 degrees C for 15 min rendered the plasma membrane permeable without destroying cell surface antigens. Thus double immunofluorescence studies using both a surface marker and Ki-67 could be performed. This offers the additional advantage of being able to define the phenotype of proliferating cells. This method was applied to determine the growth fraction in peripheral blood and bone marrow samples of patients with leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The results of Ki-67 studies in 91 patients are shown. A wide variability of individual Ki-67 values was observed within each entity. Use of this flow cytometric procedure substantially facilitates the quantification of proliferating cells in pathological blood and bone marrow samples.
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PMID:Simultaneous flow cytometric analysis of surface markers and nuclear Ki-67 antigen in leukemia and lymphoma. 268 79

Skeletal involvement of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is found in 11-16%, in Hodgkin's disease in 7.6-34%. Primary lymphoma of bone has an incidence of 1-50% among all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The occurrence of skeletal lesions is higher in infants and children than in adults. Skeletal lesions caused by Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are mostly seen in the axial skeleton including the skull, whereas the primary lymphoma of bone seems to prefer a more peripheral site. The aggressiveness of the tumor growth can be measured by the method of Lodwick, by judging the edge characteristic, the penetration of the cortex, the periostal and sclerotic reaction. 3 examples illustrate this method. Conventional radiographs need only be performed when there is reason to believe a lesion is located in an area of structural importance, such as the neck of the femur, and in cases of skeletal pain of unknown origin.
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PMID:[Evaluation of bone lesions in malignant lymphomas]. 408 75

Local tumor growth has been reported after subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection of Hodgkin's disease (HD) derived cell lines into different immunodeficient mouse strains. An animal model with disseminated growth of tumor cells would be useful for studying the in vivo biology of HD cells as well as for preclinical testing of new therapeutic regimens. For this purpose the HD-derived cell lines L540, L540cy, L428, and KM-H2 were injected intravenously into SCID mice. In contrast to L428 and KM-H2, widespread neoplasia occurred after a period of four to six weeks following injection of L540 and the subline L540cy. Lymph nodes were found to be the preferred site of tumor growth. CD30 surface antigen expression on Hodgkin cells and the karyotype of the tumor cells were preserved in the animal host. Thus, to a large extent, the SCID mouse model mimics the dissemination pattern of Hodgkin's disease in man. To evaluate the role of adhesion molecule expression in the dissemination of HD-derived cell lines, CD44 and members of the immunoglobulin, integrin, selectin, and Fc receptor families were quantified by flow cytometry. CD30 expression was also measured. Although CD44 expression has been correlated with dissemination in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), this was not the case in the Hodgkin's SCID mouse model. CD44 was not expressed on the disseminating cell lines L540 and L540cy but was expressed in the nondisseminating lines L428 and KM-H2.
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PMID:Disseminated growth of Hodgkin's-derived cell lines L540 and L540cy in immune-deficient SCID mice. 751 37

Lymphomas (formerly reticulum cell sarcomas (RCS)) which develop spontaneously in SJL mice are a murine counterpart of human low grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Tumor cells stimulate proliferation of syngeneic CD4+ T-lymphocytes which secrete cytokines required for tumor growth. Cyclophosphamide treatment of tumor-bearing mice (RCS/Cy) decreases in vitro tumor-stimulated CD4+ T-cell proliferation and, in turn, tumor growth, in part, through the suppressive action of CD8+ T-lymphocytes. In RCS/Cy compared to untreated tumor-bearing (RCS5) mice we report marked in vivo decreases in: (1) the activation (CD44HI/CD45RBLO phenotype) and proliferation (S + G2M phases of the cell cycle) of CD4+ T-lymphocytes; (2) the ratio of activated and/or proliferating CD4+ to CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and; (3) the proliferation of tumor cells. Also, depletion of CD8+ T-lymphocytes from RCS/Cy mice abrogated much of the efficacy of the RCS/Cy treatment and led to changes in lymphoid populations more reminiscent of those in RCS5 than RCS/Cy mice. The data support our hypothesis that the RCS/Cy treatment achieves its efficacy by preventing the predominance of CD4+ over CD8+ T-lymphocytes which is essential to maximum tumor growth in RCS5 mice. The results imply that analogous B-cell lymphomas in humans also may be treatable by shifting the T-cell balance toward inhibitory CD8+ rather than the tumor-stimulatory CD4+ T-lymphocytes.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide treatment of an SJL murine B-cell lymphoma increases the proportion of suppressive CD8+ over tumor-stimulatory CD4+ T-lymphocytes. 823 Dec 37


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