Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This work, intended primarily for dentists, provides detailed information on the mechanism of action of the AIDS virus, its epidemiology and most common routes of infection, the clinical manifestations of HIV infection, and related oral lesions of relevance to the dentist. The work also recommends ways in which dentists can aid in diagnosis, avoid contaminating patients, and avoid being infected themselves by seropositive patients. The article begins by describing retroviruses and their mode of action and then focuses on the pathogenic mechanism of the HIV virus, which preferentially attacks T4 helper lymphocytes. The lymphocytes are destroyed by the viruses multiplying in their interiors. The decline in the number of T4 lymphocytes results in diminished capacity of the immune system to respond, favoring in turn the appearance of certain tumors and opportunistic infections that eventually prove fatal. The virus may also affect cells of the central nervous system, producing dementia and other disorders. Although AIDS was initially observed primarily in male homosexuals and drug addicts in the US and Europe, it has had a relatively even sex ratio in Africa, where few victims have been homosexuals or drug addicts. The virus is now found in most of the world's countries and is known to be spread primarily through sexual contact. Other routes of transmission are by contaminated hypodermic needles, prenatal infection, and infected blood transfusions. There is still no good evidence that saliva can be a route of contamination. Lesions of the oral cavity that indicate immune deficiency include Candidiasis, gingivostomatitis, necrosing ulcer, Histoplasmosis, Herpes simplex, papillomas and condylomas, Leukoplasia vellosa, Kaposi's sarcoma, some cancers, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. European and American studies indicate that 75% of AIDS patients have oral or oral-esophageal candidiasis, which can occur in 3 forms. Most of these oral manifestations are very rare in the general population. The dentist should wear protective clothing to prevent direct transmission and should carefully discard or disinfect used materials and supplies. Tools and the work area should be carefully decontaminated after each patient is seen.
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PMID:[Human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)]. 333 54

Two cases of invasive oropharyngeal and craniofacial infection caused by fungal and actinomycotic pathogens are described in HIV-infected patients. Two women with a previous diagnosis of AIDS, one with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and one with Candida oesophagitis, developed a subacute, invasive inflammatory process characterized by ulcerative necrotizing lesions spreading from the oropharynx up to the soft and hard palate, maxillary sinuses and nasal cavity, with extensive soft-tissue necrosis. Although presenting with a very similar clinical picture, infection was due to Actinomyces spp. in the first case, while an apparent dual fungal aetiology (Aspergillus flavus and Candida spp.) was demonstrated in the second patient. Both cases were characterized by remarkable diagnostic difficulties leading to a late final recognition (confirmed by histological examination), and by a partial response to antimicrobial treatment.
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PMID:Invasive mycotic and actinomycotic oropharyngeal and craniofacial infection in two patients with AIDS. 789 19

Based on our prior data suggesting a therapeutic advantage for infusional administration of cyclophosphamide (C), doxorubicin (D), and etoposide (E) in patients with relapsed and resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), we administered C (750 mg/m2), D (50 mg/m2), and E (240 mg/m2) via continuous intravenous infusion over 96 hours as first line therapy for 21 patients with intermediate- or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Treatment was repeated every 28 or more days. The median CD4 count of the study group was 87/ul, and the median serum lactate dehydrogenase was 383 IU/L. Extranodal disease, lymphomatous marrow involvement, and lymphomatous meningitis were present at diagnosis in 90%, 33%, and 10% of patients, respectively. Complete response (CR) occurred in 13 patients (62%, 95% confidence intervals 41%, 81%) and partial response occurred in five patients (24%). The estimated median survival of the study group was 18.0 months. Hematologic toxicity required dose reduction for 47% of cycles and for 79% of patients who received at least two cycles. The mean dose intensity for C, D, and E were 73%, 70%, and 73% of the intended dose intensity, respectively. Opportunistic infection included oral/esophageal candidiasis (N = 7), herpes labialis (N = 3), pulmonary Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (N = 1), candidemia (N = 1), pneumonitis (N = 1), and disseminated aspergillosis than resulted in a single treatment-related death (5%). Treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the CD4+ lymphocytes, as well as total lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and CD8+ lymphocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Infusional cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and etoposide in HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a follow-up report of a highly active regimen. 795 Sep 15

Systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma occur in approximately 4% and 30% of patients with HIV infection, respectively. Single-agent or combination chemotherapy is often indicated for such patients. Combination chemotherapy produces a significant decrease in CD4 lymphocytes and significantly increases the risk of opportunistic infection. Supportive care should include prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and esophageal candidiasis. Herpes labialis frequently occurs, may be confused with chemotherapy-induced stomatitis, and it requires appropriate treatment and secondary prophylaxis once recognized. Antiretroviral therapy should be continued during chemotherapy, if possible, and should be selected based on the patient's prior antiretroviral exposure, the toxicity profile of the antiretroviral agent, the toxicity of the chemotherapy, and the potential for drug interaction. The use of hematopoietic growth factors as primary prophylaxis may be reasonable for patients at high risk for febrile neutropenia, although the information about their use in this population is limited.
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PMID:Infection prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection and malignancy. 891 6