Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nocardiosis is an opportunistic infection especially in immunocompromised patients. Lungs are the most common infection sites and therapy poses some difficulties. We describe a case of pulmonary infection with Nocardia asteroides in a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patient. Although the mortality from pulmonary nocardiosis is high in immunocompromised patients, our patient was successfully treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) and amikacin. Maintenance therapy with TMP/SMZ was continued for 1 year. This case supports the importance of the long-term maintenance treatment after the initial combination therapy.
Infection 2002 Aug
PMID:Pulmonary nocardiosis in a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patient. 1223 71

A 60-year-old woman with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was admitted to the hospital because of extensive subcutaneous abscesses developing on all limbs. The patient had an aquarium and kept tropical fish as pets. After repeated investigations, the diagnosis of Mycobacterium marinum was established from skin biopsy by PCR and culture. Long-term therapy with several drugs regimens had only a limited efficacy and was accompanied by severe adverse reactions. This report highlights the therapeutic problems posed by disseminated cutaneous M. marinum infection in the immunosuppressed host.
Infection 2002 Dec
PMID:Disseminated cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1247 31

Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, produces response rates of up to 73% in patients with previously untreated indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and has high activity when combined with chemotherapy. The purpose of this phase II study was to determine the efficacy and safety of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine and prednisone (CNOP) chemotherapy in patients with indolent NHL. In all, 42 patients (median age 67 years) with previously untreated follicular, marginal zone or small lymphocytic/lymphoplasmacytic NHL received six infusions of rituximab (375 mg/m(2)) in combination with six cycles of CNOP. The overall response rate was 90% comprising 30 complete (71%) and eight partial (19%) responses. Although patients with marginal zone lymphoma or International Prognostic Index (IPI) score 3 had lower complete response rates, no significant difference in overall response rate was observed between the histological groups (P=0.24) or between patients stratified according to IPI score (P>0.05). Median overall survival, time-to-progression and response duration had not been reached after a median 19.5-month follow-up. In all, 31 patients (74%) are currently free from progression and 38 (90%) remain alive. Treatment was well tolerated. One patient (2%) experienced grade 3/4 infusion-related toxicity; 13 (31%) grade 3/4 leukopenia and 18 (43%) grade 3/4 neutropenia. Infection was observed in nine patients: eight (19%) grade 1/2 and one (2.4%) grade 3. This study demonstrates that combining rituximab with CNOP achieves high remission rates without significant additional toxicity in patients with previously untreated indolent NHL. Further follow-up will determine response duration and survival.
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PMID:Rituximab in combination with CNOP chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1275 Jul 29

Infection has long been suspected as a possible factor in the aetiology of leukemia and lymphoma, one of the most common malignancies in children. Since most viral infections have seasonal variations of onset, if seasonal trends in 1 month of diagnosis of leukemia and lymphoma could be proved, this would be supportive evidence for an infectious aetiology. A total of 367 cases in the Hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from April 1996 through March 2000, who were diagnosed as having acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) chronic myeloblastic lymphoma (CML), Hodgkin's disease (HD) or non-Burkitt's type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NBNHL) were analysed. The month of appearance of the first symptom and the date of diagnosis were recorded. ALL demonstrated statistically significant monthly variation in the date of appearance of the first symptom (p < 0.05; peak in October) and the date of diagnosis (p < 0.05; peak in November). Seasonal variation was demonstrated in the date of the first appearance of symptoms in BL (p < 0.042), and in the date of diagnosis in AML (p < 0.049). There was no statistically significant seasonal variation in the month of diagnosis for other groups. Analysis based on the date of the first symptoms and the date of diagnosis for ALL patients, using summer-winter ratios, also showed a significant winter excess (p < 0.001). Our data provide modest support for an autumn-winter peak in the diagnosis of childhood ALL, underlying mechanisms that account for these patterns are likely to be complex and need more definitive studies.
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PMID:Seasonal variations in the onset of childhood leukemia/lymphoma: April 1996 to March 2000, Shiraz, Iran. 1280 9

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is closely associated with T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia, which always shows monoclonal HTLV-1 provirus DNA integration. HTLV-1 is not associated with B-cell lymphoma. The relationship between B-cell lymphoma and HTLV-1 was analysed retrospectively in early stage B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) according to HTLV-1 infection and pathological features. We analysed 198 cases of head and neck B-cell NHL treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy; 21 were seropositive and 177 were seronegative for HTLV-1. We also immunostained 26 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL), including 12 seropositive and 14 seronegative for HTLV-1 respectively, for CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, MIB-1 and T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen (TIA-1) to examine the phenotype, immunity and proliferation activity. The 5-year overall survival rates were 78% and 49% (P = 0.007, log rank test) for HTLV-1 seronegative and seropositive cases respectively. Infection with HTLV-1 was significantly associated with poor survival in patients with B-cell lymphoma by multivariate analysis. For DLBL, HTLV-1 infection was not a significant factor, but the overall survival curve was similar to that of the 21 seropositive B-cell lymphoma cases. Lymphoma cells were negative for TIA-1, but the background lymphocytes were positive for this marker. The number of TIA-1-positive cells was higher in HTLV-1-negative cases than in-positive cases. In conclusion, patients with B-cell-NHL (B-NHL) who are also HTLV-1 carriers have a poorer prognosis than non-carriers. HTLV-1 does not seem to be associated with lymphomagenesis of the B phenotype itself, but correlates with host immunity by reducing the number of cytotoxic T-cells.
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PMID:HTLV-1 carriers with B-cell lymphoma of localized stage head and neck: prognosis, clinical and immunopathological features. 1461 63

This report describes the case of a 59-year-old woman with a history of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed bacteremia with Vibrio vulnificus. The patient had been swimming in the unusually warm Baltic Sea in the summer of 2002. She presented with symptoms of septicemia and severe bullous necrotizing skin lesions of the extremities. Blood culture revealed Vibrio vulnificus as the pathogenic organism. Under treatment with cefotaxime and gentamicin, she recovered slowly without further complications. Vibrio vulnificus is a marine bacterium that is present in aquatic ecosystems worldwide, especially when water temperatures exceed 20 degrees C. Infections with Vibrio vulnificus are uncommon in Europe, and most cases are reported from subtropical or tropical regions.
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PMID:Sepsis with bullous necrotizing skin lesions due to vibrio vulnificus acquired through recreational activities in the Baltic Sea. 1465 36

We describe a 58-year-old patient with relapsing high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who exhibited exacerbation of posthypoxic action myoclonus during high-dose intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) treatment for highly suspicious Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Three months previously the patient had experienced a hypoxic insult caused by respiratory arrest due to an anaphylactic reaction to antibiotic therapy. He had developed posthypoxic action myoclonus (Lance-Adams syndrome), which was well controlled by oral treatment with piracetam. However, after TMP-SMX therapy (115 mg/kg daily) was started for suspicion of newly developed PCP, posthypoxic action myoclonus worsened dramatically resulting in complete disability. Anti-myoclonic therapy with increased doses of piracetam and valproic acid did not significantly improve his clinical condition. Only when TMPSMX doses were reduced (38 mg/kg daily) on day 12 did action myoclonus cease within 2 to 3 days. We suggest that TMP-SMX can exacerbate posthypoxic action myoclonus.
Infection 2004 Jun
PMID:Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole exacerbates posthypoxic action myoclonus in a patient with suspicion of Pneumocystis jiroveci infection. 1518 79

An infective, mostly viral, basis has been found in an increasing number of different human cancers. In all cases, the neoplasm is a rare response to the relevant infection, which is usually present in persistent form, and requiring specific cofactors for malignancy to develop. In some cases, epidemiological evidence of infectivity preceded and promoted identification of the specific infection involved and even the discovery of the microbe itself, as in Burkitt's lymphoma and cervix cancer. In other cases, the discovery of the agent came first as in stomach and nasopharynx cancers, and epidemiology has been concerned mainly with confirming the relationship, measuring the size of the risk and identifying cofactors. Infection-linked cancers include some of the commonest malignancies in certain large world regions, amounting to over 20% of all cancer in the developing countries. In addition to these cancers are others such as childhood leukaemia that show features indicative of an infective basis though no underlying agent has been identified. Advances in this field invite speculation about possible future discoveries and how these might be promoted. However, in that majority of cancers that are unrelated to sexual behaviour, there will be nothing even at the population level to suggest an infective basis because what is transmitted from one individual to another is not the neoplasm itself, but the underlying, often silent, infection to which the malignancy is an uncommon response. The increasing prevalence of immune impairment in human populations, as a result of the use of immunosuppressive drugs with organ transplants and the spread of HIV infection, has produced marked effects on cancer incidence in the affected groups including increases, of skin cancers, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma and to a lesser extent of many other cancers, in some cases at least due to the release from immunological control of incipient infection-based malignancies.
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PMID:Infections and immune factors in cancer: the role of epidemiology. 1532 9

Activated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase PKR is a potent growth inhibitory protein that is primarily activated in virally infected cells, inducing them to die. We have recently shown that PKR can be selectively activated in cancer cells, by in situ generation of dsRNA following introduction of antisense RNA complementary to an RNA expressed specifically in the cancer cell. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated using a glioblastoma line that overexpresses a truncated form of the EGFR. PKR and its signaling pathway are not restricted to a given cell line; therefore, in principle, this dsRNA killing approach can be applied to any cancer that expresses unique RNA sequences. Nonetheless, applying this approach to Karpas299 cells, from a T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that harbors the NPM/ALK translocation, did not result in cell death, implying that PKR signaling pathway is repressed in this cell line. Indeed, the phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by PKR was impaired in Karpas299 cells. Furthermore, levels of the cellular inhibitor p67 were elevated in these cells. Long antisense, as well as RNAi for p67, delivered into Karpas299 cells by adenoviruses, reduced p67 levels. The reduction in p67 levels led to increased phosphorylation of eIF2alpha, and an additive effect was achieved by coinfection with NPM/ALK-AS encoding adenoviruses. Infection with these adenoviruses, however, did not promote growth inhibition. These findings imply that anti-apoptotic mechanisms counteract PKR signaling in this T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Activation of dsRNA dependent protein kinase PKR in Karpas299 does not lead to cell death. 1612 98

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increased risk of systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Systemic lymphoma usually involves extranodal sites (80%-90%) and is usually of intermediate-grade (diffuse large-cell or immunoblastic( or high-grade (diffuse small noncleaved) histology. Approximately one third to one half of patients are cured with the cytotoxic treatment regimens that are used in immunocompetent patients with lymphoma. Careful attention must be paid to appropriate treatment of HIV infection and to primary and secondary infection prophylaxis. Colony-stimulating factors are commonly used in conjunction with cytotoxic therapy because of the high risk of febrile neutropenia. Patients with HIV-associated Hodgkin's disease also frequently have extranodal involvement and mixed cellularity histology, features associated with an adverse prognosis in immunocompetent patients. Treatment regimens used to treat Hodgkin's disease in immunocompetent patients have been used with some success, although the prognosis is not favorable in HIV-infected patients with PCNSL is generally poor because such patients typically present with advanced immunodeficiency (CD4 <50/microL), and the lymphoma often relapses after transient initial response to whole brain irradiation. There are anecdotal reports of responses to therapy directed against Epstein-Barr virus (ie, high-dose zidovudine, gancyclovir, and interleukin-2).
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PMID:Human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphoma. 1622 26


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