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Query: UNIPROT:Q06643 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
 11,307 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is well known that there are many independent and inter-related clinical and pathologic factors which influence the prognosis of patients with benign and malignant conditions. Lymphocyte level is an index of cell-mediated immunity which is important in host defense against cancer. But it is surprising that a simple test such as peripheral lymphocyte count could be correlated with clinical stages and survival results in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-lymphomatous solid tumors. Regarding the latter, lymphocyte count had prognostic values in patients with cancer of the bone, Ewing's sarcoma; breast; colon; kidney, neuroblastoma; uterine cervix, and other sites. In general, higher lymphocyte counts before therapy correlated with longer survival. Using newer immunologic techniques, T and B lymphocytes can be identified and the different subtypes of leukemia, immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferative diseases have been studied intensively. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia represents a proliferation of B cells, while the Sezary syndrome represents that of T lymphocytes. There is a qualitative and quantitative disturbance of Blymphocytes in patients with multiple myeloma. In Hodgkin's disease, there is hyperactivity of the B cells and functional defect of the T cells. Finally, the nodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma resulted from neoplastic transformation of the B lymphocytes. In several nonmalignant autoimmune conditions, abnormality of T-cell or B-cell counts has been reported. For example, T cells were reported to be decreased in patients with ulcerative or granulomatous colitis and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, However, it needs to be pointed out that, in 1973, Farid and associates (44) reported a significant increase in T and a proportionate reduction of B rosette in 17 patients with untreated Grave's disease and 16 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as compared with 24 normal and eight goiter controls. In 1975, six publications later, they (143) had to announce a retraction because further studies by them and by other investigators could not repeat the earlier results. Despite variations and lack of standardization of the test systems, some consistent deviations of T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte counts have been reported. T lymphocytes were quantitatively decreased in patients with carcinoma of the brain, breast, head and neck, liver, lung and urologic organs and with malignant melanoma. In general, there is a marked decrease of T cells with increasing stage of disease and a return of T cells to normal level after successful therapy. Cellular immunity is depressed, often lasting for years after localized radiation therapy, whether or not the thymus is included in the treatment field...
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PMID:Peripheral lymphocyte count and suppopulations of T and B lymphocytes in benign and malignant diseases. 30 Jan 79

Eight elderly women with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation with excellent outcome. Clinically, the patients presented with thyromegaly and did not have lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. On histological examination, the lymphomas resembled diffuse follicle-centre cell tumours. All patients showed extension beyond the thyroid capsule and lympho-epithelial lesions; 3 displayed kappa-light-chain restriction and 2 lambda-monoclonality. Thyroid lymphomas fall into the spectrum of mucosa-associated lymphomas, which have a better prognosis than their equivalent nodal-based counterparts.
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PMID:Primary thyroid lymphomas. A clinicopathological study of 8 cases. 223 90

The authors report a case of a 10-year-old girl with early involvement of the thyroid gland by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, an uncommon site of presentation of childhood lymphomas. In pediatrics, thyroid enlargement is more often caused by lymphocytic thyroiditis. The good response to therapy, in spite of the advanced stage of the disease, is noted.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in childhood presenting as thyroid enlargement. 354 17

In a series of 500 consecutive autopsies in a Swedish population with a high rate of goiter (29%) the incidence of malignant thyroid tumors was 6.0%. There were 25 papillary, 2 follicular, and 2 medullary carcinomas and 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-immunocytoma. No significant differences in tumor incidence was found between goiter patients and those with normal glands. Notably the tumors occurred more often in men than in women (ratio, 1.5).
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PMID:Malignant thyroid tumors at autopsy in a Swedish goitrous population. 396 89

From 1969 to 1978, 11 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as thyroid enlargement were evaluated and treated in the Division of Radiation Therapy at Stanford University Hospital. All patients were staged with lymphangiogram and bone marrow biopsy. Eight patients had Stage I-II disease and three patients had Stage III-IV disease. The histologic pattern of the biopsies was diffuse in nine cases, and eight cases were classified as histiocytic lymphoma. All eight patients with Stage I or II disease were treated with irradiation. There is an 83.3% survival at three years and a 75% relapse-free survival at two years. No instance of local recurrence was observed in this group of patients. The three patients with Stage III or IV disease were treated by either irradiation or chemotherapy. Two relapsed within one year and died with disease; the third remained free of disease for nine years before relapse and died with disease six months later. High dose regional irradiation is the recommended treatment for patients with Stage I-II lymphoma of the thyroid.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as thyroid enlargement. 703 Apr 69

A very rare association of non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism due to nodular goiter with isolated bilateral non-Hodgkin's ocular lymphoma is described. A 66-year-old woman presented with bilateral proptosis, marked periocular swelling, conjunctival hyperemia and chemosis, severe extraocular muscle impairment with diplopia. Thyroid function tests showed normal free thyroid hormone concentrations with undetectable serum thyrotropin levels. Patient was placed on antithyroid drug treatment, ocular conditions deteriorated. More than two years later, when first seen in our institution, orbital CT scan showed the presence of a retro-ocular mass that, at biopsy, proved to be B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, apparently with no localization in other sites. Thyroid evaluation revealed subclinical hyperthyroidism due to an autonomous thyroid nodule in the left lobe of the gland. Radiotherapy of the orbit was followed by a dramatic regression of lymphoma, but further staging some months later showed involvement of several abdominal lymph node structures. This case underscores the need of a thorough diagnostic work-up of ocular disease resembling Graves' ophthalmopathy, even when it is bilateral and associated with overt or subclinical hyperthyroidism.
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PMID:Non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism associated with isolated bilateral ocular lymphoma mimicking Graves' disease with ophthalmopathy: a cause of misdiagnosis. 878 62

During a 9-year-period, 50 cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the thyroid gland were reported to a population-based lymphoma registry covering western Denmark giving an incidence of 2.06 x 10(-6) cases per year. The male:female ratio was 1:4, and the mean age was 72.8 years for women and 62.8 years for men. On histomorphological reclassification 83% of the cases showed a high grade and 17% a low grade morphology, 98% had a B-phenotype and 2% a T-phenotype. In at least 33 of the cases, primary NHL of the thyroid gland was preceded by Hashimoto's thyroiditis and at least 25 of the patients had a high grade NHL which was transformed from Hashimoto's thyroiditis through a low grade B-cell lymphoma of MALT type. The most frequent presenting symptoms were goitre (100%), hoarseness (57%), stridor/dyspnoea (55%) and dysphagia (45%); thirty-six percent of the patients were hypothyroid at the time of diagnosis. Seventy-six percent of the patients had localized disease (stages 1-2) and 24% had disseminated lymphoma (stages 3-4). Five year survival was 34.5% and 5 year cause-specific survival 46.2%. The following factors were associated with a poor prognosis: stage 3-4 disease, elevated S-urate, presence of hoarseness and age > 66 years. Morphological subtype did not correlate significantly with survival.
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PMID:Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid gland: a population based study. 883 17

Fungal infection of the thyroid is rare. Most reported cases have involved Aspergillus, Coccidioides, and Candida species in the setting of disseminated disease. Infection of the thyroid with Histoplasma capsulatum is rarely reported as part of disseminated disease, even in geographic areas where histoplasmosis is endemic. We report a 52-year-old woman with a previous Hashimoto's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which a diffuse enlarged thyroid gland with a large nodule was the only apparent locus of histoplasmosis. Fine-needle aspiration of the thyroid was an important diagnostic tool in establishing the diagnosis of histoplasmosis of the thyroid. The patient was initially treated with itraconazole (400 mg/day) for the fungal infection and six cycles of chemotherapy for the lymphoma. At a 6-month follow-up examination, the patient was doing well on suppressive therapy of itraconazole (200 mg/day), with no symptoms and with regression of the thyroid nodule and cervical adenopathy.
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PMID:Histoplasmosis of the thyroid. 1101 30

We report a 43-year-old man who developed progressive ascending sensorimotor polyneuropathy, a solitary bone plasmacytoma originating from a rib and an axillary lymph node with features of Castleman's disease, mixed hyaline vascular and plasma cell type. He was diagnosed of having non-Hodgkin's lymphoma seven years back and was treated. Examination revealed a smooth goitre, thickened skin, white nails, small testes and ankle oedema. Investigations revealed a monoclonal para-proteinaemia of 7.83 g/l and elevated levels of serum TSH and prolactin. In this case the Castleman's disease is localised and the lymphoma preceded the Castleman's disease.
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PMID:A case of POEMS syndrome with mixed hyaline vascular and plasma cell type Castleman's disease. 1967 May 55

Primary thyroid lymphomas account for less than 5% of all thyroid malignancies and the majority of cases concern non- Hodgkin's lymphoma of B and T-cell origin as well as Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma are a relatively recently described subset of low grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma representing between 6 and 27% of the patients with thyroid lymphomas. These cases occur usually in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis having a long indolent course and delayed diagnosis, actually benefit from several therapeutic opportunities among them even surgery and a favorable prognostic. Herein we present a 42-year-old female admitted in our unit for a right firm sensitive thyroid swelling, nonhomogeneous on ultrasound images. FNAB showed cellular smears of mixed follicular cells on a background of mature lymphocytes displaying some nuclear atypia and scanty cytoplasm but no definite malignant elements. Intraoperatively, in addition to the "banal" goiter that was found, some subcentimeter cervical lymph nodes were evidenced. Frozen section showed no evidence of malignant or even suspected cellular elements. However a total right lobectomy and lymph node excision was performed. Microscopy revealed a diffuse lymphoproliferative infiltrate in a background of lymphocytic thyroiditis suggesting a diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma of MALT type and the patient was referred to chemotherapy. She was currently under follow-up without recurrences or metastases after two years from surgery.
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PMID:An Unwonted Clinicopathological Subtype of Thyroid Primary Lymphoma. 2781 41


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