Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P80404 (GABA transaminase)
 786 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

12 adult white lab-rats were enucleated and after a survival period of 1, 3, 7 and 30 days the activities of GABA-T, GDH, LDH, SDH and GPDH were demonstrated histochemically in the Tractus opticus (To), Corpus geniculatum laterale, pars dorsalis (CGLd) et ventralis (CGLv), Colliculus superior (Cs) and Nucleus olivaris praetectalis (Nop). Since the ipsi- and contralateral grisea are always in the same tissue section the enzyme activities can be quantitatively compared by visual impression without a greater mistake. In To enucleation caused a hypertrophy of astrocytes together with an increase of the activities of GABA-T, GDH, LDH, and GPDH in these cells. The reactions indicate a more intensive metabolism in connection with the myelin degradation. In CGLd, CGLv, Cs and Nop following enucleation there appeared contralaterally a graded loss in the activities of GDH, LDH, GPDH, and GABA-T; only SDH scarely changed its activity. The fastest and strongest reaction was found in Cs and Nop, while CGLd and CGLv reacted later and to a less degree. In CGLv the enzyme reaction was limited to the lateral part of the nucleus. As diminution of activity is caused by degeneration of the retinal terminals the effected enzymes must be localised in cytoplasma and mitochondria of these terminals. Taking into account findings from literature the following is concluded from the time patterns, the degree of diminution of the enzyme activities and the relation of retinal to extraretinal terminals in the individual nuclei: GABA probably acts as a transmitter in interneurons of CGLd, Cs, and Nop. Glutamate is a transmitter in Cs and Nop.
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PMID:[Enzyme histochemical examinations of the visual system of the adult rat following unilateral enucleation]. 12 Nov 34

Chronically alcoholized intoxication (1.5--2 months) induces adaptation of cerebral neurones to changing equilibrium states of biochemical processes by altering the activity of enzymes of GABA metabolism, reduction of alanine and aspartate transaminase activity and increase of LDH and succinate dehydrogenase activity. In the cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres during alcohol abstinacy the activity of GABA-T, succinate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase was reduced while that of LDH and alanine transaminase was increased. The administration of fusarinic acid (100 mg/kg i. p.) to control animals induced a sharp increase of GAD activity in both structures of the brain. The stimulatory effects of fusarinic acid were not observed when it was administered to animals receiving alcohol chronically. Motor activity or rats was markedly reduced during chronical alcoholism and the first days of alcohol abstinacy (24--48 h), as well as following injection fusarinic acid and homopantothenic acid. The increase of locomotion and the vertical component of motor activity was observed only following one week or one month after alcohol abstinacy.
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PMID:[Adaptive changes in brain metabolism during chronic alcoholic intoxication]. 57 38

Implantation of cobalt-agar rods into the visual cortex of 16 adult rats induced in some of the animals epileptiform bioelectrical activity and provoked in all of them histological and histochemical changes in the region of the implantation (primary focus) as well as in some ipsilateral projection sites of the visual cortex (secondary foci). The changes within the secondary foci are demonstrated in the Corpus geniculatum laterale, pars dorsale (dLGN), by means of 18 histochemical and 5 histological methods. Together with the appearance of hyperactive and degenerating neurones combined with neuronophagy and diminution of the number of synapses a marked gliosis developed, especially an increase of microglia. The destruction of the tissue induced a depression of energy and transmitter metabolism and intensified lytic processes. This is confirmed by the decreased activities of LDH, SDH, GPDH, G6PDH, NAD(P)H-TR, GABA-T and GDH and the increased activity of acid phosphatase in the neuropil of the secondary foci. Single hyperactive nerve and glial cells were accented by high activities of those enzymes which had a reduced activity in the neuropil. Since in our experiments agar-rods without cobalt never induced histological or histochemical changes in subcortical grisea of the visual system, the secondary foci seem to result from the direct influence of the cobalt, migrating in the corticothalamic projection pathway and identifiable in the dLGN by the TIMM technique.
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PMID:[Morphologic and histochemical changes in the secondary focus following cobalt-induced epileptogenic bioelectrical activity of the visual cortex in the adult rat]. 393 55

Arylsulfonylamino acids, displaying a wide range of inhibitory activities versus rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR), were analyzed for enzyme selectivity in several test systems. These RLAR inhibitors were found not to produce significant inhibition of genetically-linked reductases (aldehyde reductase, ALR), catalytically similar reductases (Pachysolen tannophilus xylose reductase, PTXR), functionally distinct oxidoreductases (glutathione reductase, GR, lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, and gamma-transaminase, GABA-T), and thymidylate synthase (TS). These data suggest that aldose reductase differs significantly from other oxidoreductases in its inhibitor binding domain(s). Furthermore, the aldose reductase selectivity demonstrated by the arylsulfonylamino acids suggests that these compounds may not inhibit other key metabolic transformations in various cell types and that they may function as selective probes for studies of the relationship between aldose reductase mediated biochemical changes and the pathologies of chronic diabetes.
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PMID:Enzyme selectivity analyses of arylsulfonylamino acid aldose reductase inhibitors. 750 72