Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The gene of prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) was first cloned in 1998 and preproproteins encoded by cDNAs produced at least two isoforms of PrRP with different lengths; PrRP31 and PrRP20. PrRP has been shown to release prolactin from the anterior pituitary at least in vitro (Hinuma, Y.S., Habata, Y., Fuji, R., Hosoya, M., Fukusumi, S., Kitada, C., Masuo, Y., Asano, T., Matsumoto, H., Sekiguchi, M., Kurokawa, T., Nishimura, O., Onda, H., and Fujino, A., 1998. A prolactin-releasing peptide in the brain. Nature 393, 272-6). PrRP receptor has also been detected by quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization histochernistry revealed that expression of PrRP receptor mRNA was found in the broad areas of the brain and in the anterior pituitary of the rat. This review surveys morphological studies on PrRP, PrRP mRNA and PrRP receptor mRNA in the rat brain and discusses the possible functional significance of PrRP in the brain. PrRP immunoreactive neuronal perikarya showed a similar distributional pattern to those with PrRP mRNA signals. However, distribution of nerve processes and terminals with PrRP immunoreactivity was broadly expanded in the forebrain and brainstem. They were hardly detected in the median eminence particularly in its external layer. PrRP receptor mRNA signals were distributed in the preoptic area, and the hypothalamic area, where PrRP immunoreactive nerve processes and terminals were also detected. The strongest signal of PrRP receptor mRNA was detected in the reticular nucleus of the thalamus where neither PrRP immunoreactive nerve processes nor axon terminals were distributed. From the distribution pattern of PrRP and its receptor, it is suggested that PrRP is involved in control of secretion of oxytocin, corticotropin releasing hormone and somatostatin.
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PMID:Morphological survey of prolactin-releasing peptide and its receptor with special reference to their functional roles in the brain. 1107 Jan 88

The present study examined a novel function of PRL-releasing peptide (PrRP) on the neuroendocrine. PrRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers and nerve terminals were located in the vicinity of the somatostatin (SOM)-neurons in the hypothalamic periventricular nucleus (PerVN). Immuno-electron microscopy revealed that PrRP-immunoreactive nerve terminals made synaptic contacts with nonimmunoreactive neuronal elements in the PerVN. Intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of PrRP induced immediate early gene, NGFI-A, in SOM-neurons in the PerVN. Double-labeling in situ hybridization showed that some parts of SOM-neurons in the PerVN expressed PrRP receptor messenger RNA. Therefore, some parts of SOM-neurons in the PerVN are considered to be directly innervated by PrRP via PrRP receptor. In addition to the above morphological characteristics, icv administration of PrRP decreased plasma GH levels. Such inhibitory effects of PrRP on the secretion of GH from the anterior pituitary were diminished by depletion or neutralization of SOM. From these findings it was strongly suggested that SOM-neurons respond to PrRP and secrete SOM into the portal vessels and thus inhibit GH secretion from the anterior pituitary.
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PMID:A novel function of prolactin-releasing peptide in the control of growth hormone via secretion of somatostatin from the hypothalamus. 1141 47